互斥信号量 pthread_mutex_t的使用

本文详细介绍了如何使用互斥信号量(pthread_mutex_t)来实现多线程环境中的资源同步。通过一个简单的示例程序,展示了初始化、销毁、加锁、解锁等核心操作,并解释了如何保护临界区确保数据的一致性和完整性。

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对互斥信号量 pthread_mutex_t mutex的操作主要包括:
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL); /init mutex variable/
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex); /destory mutex variable/
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
pthread_mutex_trylock (&mutex)

下面举例说明:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

pthread_mutex_t mutex;
void *print_msg(void *arg){
    int i = 0;
    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
    /*此处为临界区,需要使用互斥信号量的代码*/
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}

int main(int argc, char** argv){
    /*声明N个线程*/
    pthread_t id1;
    ……
    pthread_t idn;

    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);

    /*创建N个线程*/
    pthread_create(&id1,NULL,print_msg,NULL);
    ……
    pthread_create(&idn,NULL,print_msg,NULL);

    /*调用pthread_join的线程将被挂起直到参数thread所代表的线程终止时为止*/
    pthread_join(id1,NULL); 
    ……
    pthread_join(idn,NULL);

    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
    return 1;
}

临界区的代码将顺序执行,而不是交互的并行执行。

注意:在用g++编译的时候一定要用

g++ test.cpp -o main.o -lpthread
#include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <errno.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/shm.h> #include <sys/sem.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include "data_global.h" extern pthread_cond_t cond_sqlite; extern pthread_cond_t cond_analysis; extern pthread_cond_t cond_client_send; extern pthread_cond_t cond_uart_cmd; extern pthread_cond_t cond_client_request; extern pthread_cond_t cond_infrared; extern pthread_cond_t cond_buzzer; extern pthread_cond_t cond_led; extern pthread_cond_t cond_camera; extern pthread_cond_t cond_sms; extern pthread_cond_t cond_refresh; extern pthread_cond_t cond_refresh_updata; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_slinklist; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_sqlite; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_analysis; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_client_send; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_client_receive; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_uart_cmd; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_client_request; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_infrared; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_buzzer; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_led; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_camera; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_sms; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_refresh; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_refresh_updata; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_global; extern pthread_mutex_t mutex_linklist; extern int dev_infrared_fd; extern int dev_buzzer_fd; extern int dev_led_fd; extern int dev_camera_fd; extern int dev_sms_fd; extern int dev_uart_fd; extern int msgid; extern int shmid; extern int semid; extern void Create_table (); extern struct env_info_clien_addr all_info_RT; pthread_t id_sqlite, id_analysis, id_transfer, id_client_send, id_client_receive, id_uart_cmd, id_client_request, id_infrared, id_buzzer, id_led, id_camera, id_sms, id_refresh; void ReleaseResource (int signo) { pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_linklist); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_global); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_refresh_updata); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_refresh); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_sms); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_camera); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_led); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_buzzer); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_infrared); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_client_request); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_uart_cmd); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_analysis); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_client_send); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_client_receive); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_sqlite); pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex_slinklist); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_client_send); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_refresh_updata); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_refresh); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_sms); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_camera); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_led); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_buzzer); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_infrared); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_client_request); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_uart_cmd); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_analysis); pthread_cond_destroy (&cond_sqlite); msgctl (msgid, IPC_RMID, NULL); shmctl (shmid, IPC_RMID, NULL); pthread_cancel (id_refresh); pthread_cancel (id_sms); pthread_cancel (id_camera); pthread_cancel (id_led); pthread_cancel (id_buzzer); pthread_cancel (id_infrared); pthread_cancel (id_client_request); pthread_cancel (id_uart_cmd); pthread_cancel (id_transfer); pthread_cancel (id_analysis); pthread_cancel (id_client_send); pthread_cancel (id_client_receive); pthread_cancel (id_sqlite); close (dev_camera_fd); close (dev_led_fd); close (dev_buzzer_fd); close (dev_infrared_fd); close (dev_sms_fd); close (dev_uart_fd); printf ("All quit\n"); exit(0); } void setLimit (int sto_no, float temMAX, float temMIN, float humMAX, float humMIN, float illMAX, float illMIN) { if (sto_no >= 0 && (sto_no <=STORAGE_NUM - 1)) { all_info_RT.storage_no[sto_no].temperatureMAX = temMAX; all_info_RT.storage_no[sto_no].temperatureMIN = temMIN; all_info_RT.storage_no[sto_no].humidityMAX = humMAX; all_info_RT.storage_no[sto_no].humidityMIN = humMIN; all_info_RT.storage_no[sto_no].illuminationMAX = illMAX; all_info_RT.storage_no[sto_no].illuminationMIN = illMIN; } } int main(int argc, char **argv) { #if 1 / Create_table (); // setLimit (1, 50, 5, 50, 10, 500, 10); setLimit (2, 50, 5, 50, 10, 500, 10); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_slinklist, NULL);// pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_sqlite, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_analysis, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_uart_cmd, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_client_request, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_infrared, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_buzzer, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_led, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_camera, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_sms, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_refresh, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_refresh_updata, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_global, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_linklist, NULL); pthread_mutex_init (&mutex_client_send, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_client_send, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_sqlite, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_analysis, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_uart_cmd, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_client_request, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_infrared, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_buzzer, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_led, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_camera, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_sms, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_refresh, NULL); pthread_cond_init (&cond_refresh_updata, NULL); //signal (SIGINT, ReleaseResource); // pthread_create (&id_sqlite, 0, pthread_sqlite, NULL); sleep (1); pthread_create (&id_analysis, 0, pthread_analysis, NULL); pthread_create (&id_client_send, 0, pthread_client_send, NULL); pthread_create (&id_transfer, 0, pthread_transfer, NULL); sleep (1); pthread_create (&id_uart_cmd, 0, pthread_uart_cmd, NULL); pthread_create (&id_client_request, 0, pthread_client_request, NULL); pthread_create (&id_infrared, 0, pthread_infrared, NULL); pthread_create (&id_buzzer, 0, pthread_buzzer, NULL); pthread_create (&id_led, 0, pthread_led, NULL); pthread_create (&id_camera, 0, pthread_camera, NULL); pthread_create (&id_sms, 0, pthread_sms, NULL); pthread_create (&id_refresh, 0, pthread_refresh, NULL); // pthread_join (id_sqlite, NULL); pthread_join (id_client_send, NULL); printf ("g1\n"); pthread_join (id_analysis, NULL); printf ("g2\n"); pthread_join (id_transfer, NULL); printf ("g3\n"); pthread_join (id_uart_cmd, NULL); printf ("g4\n"); pthread_join (id_client_request, NULL); printf ("g5\n"); pthread_join (id_infrared, NULL); printf ("g6\n"); pthread_join (id_buzzer, NULL); printf ("g7\n"); pthread_join (id_led, NULL); printf ("g8\n"); pthread_join (id_camera, NULL); printf ("g9\n"); pthread_join (id_sms, NULL); printf ("g10\n"); pthread_join (id_refresh, NULL); printf ("g11\n"); return 0; }
最新发布
07-26
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