G057-MON-PRO-INS-01 Prometheus 3.4.2 二进制及容器搭建

大G哥

于 2025-07-09 17:13:21 发布

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CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签： prometheus

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Java_fenxiang/article/details/149289182

1 您需要了解

注意：提供了两个地方下载二进制包，第一个链接(G-i-t-H-u-b)如被河蟹，用第二个官方链接，包的存储地址都一样。
Prometheus 二进制包下载(GitHub)： https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases
Prometheus 二进制包下载(官网)： https://prometheus.io/download/
Prometheus 二进制包具体版本名称： prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz(当前最新版)
操作系统：目前手头刚好有 CentOS Linux release 8.4.2105

2 下载预览

2.1 G-i-t-H-u-b 预览

G057-MON-PRO-INS-01 Prometheus 3.4.2 二进制及容器搭建_Prometheus

2.2 官网预览

G057-MON-PRO-INS-01 Prometheus 3.4.2 二进制及容器搭建_Prometheus_02

3 二进制搭建

3.1 关墙

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce0
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

3.2 创建目录并解压

手工下载已在最上方提供链接，我这里就直接wget了。

[root@henry ~]# mkdir -p /opt/app/prometheus /soft

[root@henry ~]# wget -P /soft/ https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v3.4.2/prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@henry ~]# ls /soft/
prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@henry ~]# tar --strip-components=1 -zxvf /soft/prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /opt/app/prometheus/
prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64/prometheus.yml
prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64/NOTICE
prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64/prometheus
prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64/promtool
prometheus-3.4.2.linux-amd64/LICENSE

[root@henry ~]# ls /opt/app/prometheus/
LICENSE  NOTICE  prometheus  prometheus.yml  promtool

3.3 配置systemd

注意配置文件中的路径。

cat << "EOF" > /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service
[Unit]
Description=prometheus
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/opt/app/prometheus/prometheus --config.file="/opt/app/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
LimitNOFILE=65536
PrivateTmp=true
RestartSec=2
StartLimitInterval=0
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 重启服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart prometheus.service
systemctl status prometheus.service

# 状态节选
● prometheus.service - prometheus
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-07-09 16:06:54 CST; 938ms ago
 Main PID: 10162 (prometheus)
    Tasks: 7 (limit: 50540)
   Memory: 18.3M
   CGroup: /system.slice/prometheus.service
           └─10162 /opt/app/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/opt/app/prometheus/prometheus.yml

Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.427Z level=INFO source=head.go:752 msg="Replaying WAL, this may take a while" component=tsdb
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.427Z level=INFO source=head.go:825 msg="WAL segment loaded" component=tsdb segment=0 maxSegment>
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.427Z level=INFO source=head.go:862 msg="WAL replay completed" component=tsdb checkpoint_replay_>
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.436Z level=INFO source=main.go:1287 msg="filesystem information" fs_type=XFS_SUPER_MAGIC
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.436Z level=INFO source=main.go:1290 msg="TSDB started"
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.436Z level=INFO source=main.go:1475 msg="Loading configuration file" filename=/opt/app/promethe>
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.485Z level=INFO source=main.go:1514 msg="updated GOGC" old=100 new=75
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.485Z level=INFO source=main.go:1524 msg="Completed loading of configuration file" db_storage=89>
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.485Z level=INFO source=main.go:1251 msg="Server is ready to receive web requests."
Jul 09 16:06:54 henry prometheus[10162]: time=2025-07-09T08:06:54.485Z level=INFO source=manager.go:175 msg="Starting rule manager..." component="rule manager"

3.4 查版本查端口

# 查版本
[root@henry ~]# /opt/app/prometheus/prometheus --version
prometheus, version 3.4.2 (branch: HEAD, revision: b392caf256d7ed36980992496c8a6274e5557d36)
  build user:       root@f841ca3a6e68
  build date:       20250626-20:51:48
  go version:       go1.24.4
  platform:         linux/amd64
  tags:             netgo,builtinassets,stringlabels

# 查端口
[root@henry ~]# ss -ntlp |grep 90
LISTEN 0      128                *:9090            *:*    users:(("prometheus",pid=10162,fd=6))

3.5 修改配置文件

目的是为了可以看到本机的Metrics数据

[root@henry ~]# vim /opt/app/prometheus/prometheus.yml

# 将 targets 的 localhost 修改为本机 ip 地址
    
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["192.168.226.148:9090"]
       # The label name is added as a label `label_name=<label_value>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
        labels:
          app: "prometheus"
          
[root@henry ~]# systemctl restart prometheus.service

3.6 登录测试

http://192.168.226.148:9090/

G057-MON-PRO-INS-01 Prometheus 3.4.2 二进制及容器搭建_二进制_03

G057-MON-PRO-INS-01 Prometheus 3.4.2 二进制及容器搭建_Prometheus_04

4 容器搭建

注意关闭当前节点的Prometheus服务，避免9090端口冲突。

4.1 配置在线yum源

mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/henry.repo
[appstream]
name=CentOS Stream $releasever - AppStream
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$stream&arch=$basearch&repo=AppStream&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
baseurl = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.4.2105/AppStream/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[baseos]
name=CentOS Stream $releasever - BaseOS
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$stream&arch=$basearch&repo=BaseOS&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/$contentdir/$stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
baseurl = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/8.4.2105/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
EOF

yum clean all
yum repolist all

4.2 配置主机IP映射

[root@henry ~]# echo '192.168.226.148 henry' >> /etc/hosts
[root@henry ~]# ping -c 3 henry
PING henry (192.168.226.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from henry (192.168.226.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.022 ms
64 bytes from henry (192.168.226.148): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.032 ms
64 bytes from henry (192.168.226.148): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms

--- henry ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2040ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.022/0.027/0.032/0.004 ms

4.3 安装Docker

yuminstall -y yum-utils vim bash-completion net-tools wget
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
yum install -y docker-ce

cat <<EOF > /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://05e525e1985345b8b95f9e048a8eebab.mirror.swr.myhuaweicloud.com"]
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable docker
systemctl restart docker
docker --version

# Docker 版本记录
[root@henry ~]# docker --version
Docker version 26.1.3, build b72abbb

4.4 拉取镜像并创建容器

兄弟们，你们不要问我镜像拉取不了该怎么办这种问题呀，这种小问题不匹配你们这些大佬的气质和气场。

[root@henry ~]# docker pull prom/prometheus:v3.4.2
[root@henry ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
prom/prometheus   v3.4.2    9e24e9a9806c   12 days ago   304MB

4.5 编辑配置文件

[root@henry ~]# find / -name prometheus.yml
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/edb00033b4da642b017106a00f8f6caca371ee701a67f5ff8d4d423235c45f6d/diff/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/bc34ef9d9c7ecc5ff909a59117bdcc344017a1cc03dbc10a656d8e06d8264ec2/diff/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

[root@henry ~]# mkdir /etc/prometheus
[root@henry ~]# cp /var/lib/docker/overlay2/edb00033b4da642b017106a00f8f6caca371ee701a67f5ff8d4d423235c45f6d/diff/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml /etc/prometheus/

[root@henry ~]# vim /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# 将配置文件 targets 中的 localhost 改为宿主机主机名

    static_configs:
      - targets: ["henry:9090"]

4.6 创建容器

docker run -tid --name prometheus \
-p 9090:9090 \
--restart always \
-v /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
-v /etc/hosts:/etc/hosts \
prom/prometheus:v3.4.2

[root@henry ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                    COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS        PORTS                                       NAMES
6cfb01a834c3   prom/prometheus:v3.4.2   "/bin/prometheus --c…"   2 seconds ago   Up 1 second   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp   prometheus

[root@henry ~]# ss -ntlp |grep 90
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:9090      0.0.0.0:*    users:(("docker-proxy",pid=13523,fd=4))
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:9090         [::]:*    users:(("docker-proxy",pid=13530,fd=4))

4.7 登录测试

http://192.168.226.148:9090/

G057-MON-PRO-INS-01 Prometheus 3.4.2 二进制及容器搭建_Prometheus_05

最后：当你通过浏览器点击 Endpoint 的链接 http://henry:9090/metrics会发现，无法加载出指标数据。请注意，这个是正常现象，因为你的请求是从当前浏览器发出的，浏览器(当前windows)并不知道henry这个主机名是谁，所以无法显示，这并不是配置问题或Prometheus的问题。如果真要去查看当前节点的指标，请更换成ip地址即可。如：http://192.168.226.148:9090/metrics

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