Python极限挑战——开发出Flask个人博客

哈喽，大家好！今天给你们带来了通过python flask库来开发出一个完整的个人博客的教程。博客功能包含注册用户，发表内容，审核内容，发表评论，展现内容。现在由于0.1版本可能存在一些问题，比如没有日期，头像等等。

重要！！！全博客只包含三个文件，全部代码加起来不到500行！

使用方法：

首先安装所需库

pip install flask

结构目录

app.py``templates`       `---blog.html``static`     `---style.css

下面就是完整代码：

app.py

from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for, session``import sqlite3``   ``app = Flask(__name__)``app.secret_key = "my-secret-key"``   ``# 数据库连接及初始化``conn = sqlite3.connect('blog.db',timeout=10, check_same_thread=False)``c = conn.cursor()``c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users`             `(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,`              `username TEXT,`              `password TEXT)''')``c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS articles`             `(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,`              `title TEXT,`              `content TEXT,`              `user_id INTEGER,`              `status INTEGER)''')``c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS comments`             `(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,`              `content TEXT,`              `article_id INTEGER,`              `user_id INTEGER)''')``conn.commit()``   ``# 辅助函数：从数据库中查询文章列表``def get_articles():`    `c.execute("SELECT articles.id, title, content FROM articles WHERE status = 1")`    `return c.fetchall()``   ``# 辅助函数：从数据库中查询文章信息和评论列表``def get_article(article_id):`    `c.execute(f"SELECT articles.id, title, content FROM articles WHERE id = {article_id} AND status = 1")`    `article = c.fetchone()`    `if article:`        `c.execute(f"SELECT content FROM comments WHERE article_id = {article_id}")`        `comments = c.fetchall()`        `return article, comments`    `else:`        `return None, []``   ``# 页面路由：首页``@app.route('/')``def index():`    `articles = get_articles()`    `return render_template('blog.html', page='index', articles=articles)``   ``# 页面路由：注册页面``@app.route('/register', methods=['GET', 'POST'])``def register():`    `if request.method == 'POST':`        `username = request.form['username']`        `password = request.form['password']`        `c.execute(f"INSERT INTO users(username, password) VALUES('{username}', '{password}')")`        `conn.commit()`        `return redirect(url_for('login'))`    `else:`        `return render_template('blog.html', page='register')``   ``# 页面路由：登录页面``@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])``def login():`    `if request.method == 'POST':`        `username = request.form['username']`        `password = request.form['password']`        `c.execute(f"SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '{username}' AND password = '{password}'")`        `user = c.fetchone()`        `if user:`            `session['username'] = user[1]`            `session['user_id'] = user[0]`            `return redirect(url_for('index'))`        `else:`            `return render_template('blog.html', page='login', error='用户名或密码错误')`    `else:`        `return render_template('blog.html', page='login')``   ``# 辅助函数：检查用户是否已经登录``def check_login():`    `if 'username' not in session:`        `return False`    `else:`        `return True``   ``# 页面路由：发布文章页面``@app.route('/post_article', methods=['GET', 'POST'])``def post_article():`    `if not check_login():`        `return redirect(url_for('login'))`    `if request.method == 'POST':`        `title = request.form['title']`        `content = request.form['content']`        `user_id = session['user_id']`        `c.execute(f"INSERT INTO articles(title, content, user_id, status) VALUES('{title}', '{content}', {user_id}, 0)")`        `conn.commit()`        `return redirect(url_for('index'))`    `else:`        `return render_template('blog.html', page='post_article')``   ``# 页面路由：文章详情页面及评论``@app.route('/article/<int:article_id>', methods=['GET', 'POST'])``def article(article_id):`    `article, comments = get_article(article_id)`    `if not article:`        `return redirect(url_for('index'))`    `if request.method == 'POST':`        `if not check_login():`            `return redirect(url_for('login'))`        `content = request.form['content']`        `user_id = session['user_id']`        `c.execute(f"INSERT INTO comments(content, article_id, user_id) VALUES('{content}', {article_id}, {user_id})")`        `conn.commit()`        `return redirect(url_for('article', article_id=article_id))`    `else:`        `return render_template('blog.html', page='article', article=article, comments=comments)``   ``# 页面路由：注销登录``@app.route('/logout')``def logout():`    `session.pop('username', None)`    `session.pop('user_id', None)`    `return redirect(url_for('index'))``   ``# 页面路由：文章审核页面（需要管理员权限）``@app.route('/approve_article', methods=['GET', 'POST'])``def approve_article():`    `if not check_login():`        `return redirect(url_for('login'))`    `if 'username' in session and session['username'] == 'admin':`        `if request.method == 'POST':`            `article_id = request.form['article_id']`            `action = request.form['action']`            `if action == 'approve':`                `c.execute(f"UPDATE articles SET status = 1 WHERE id = {article_id}")`            `elif action == 'reject':`                `c.execute(f"DELETE FROM articles WHERE id = {article_id}")`            `conn.commit()`        `c.execute("SELECT articles.id, title, content FROM articles WHERE status = 0")`        `articles = c.fetchall()`        `return render_template('blog.html', page='approve_article', articles=articles)`    `else:`        `return redirect(url_for('index'))``   ``if __name__ == '__main__':`    `app.debug=True`    `app.run()

blog.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>``<html>``<head>`  `<title>我的博客</title>`  `<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='style.css') }}">``</head>``<body>`  `<header>`    `<h1>Python学霸</h1>`    `{% if 'username' in session %}`      `<p>你好，{{ session['username'] }}</p>`    `{% endif %}`   `{% if 'username' in session %}`          `<li><a href="{{ url_for('logout') }}">退出</a></li>`        `{% else %}`          `<li><a href="{{ url_for('login') }}">登录</a></li>`          `<li><a href="{{ url_for('register') }}">注册</a></li>`        `{% endif %}`    `{% if 'username' in session %}`          `<li><a href="{{ url_for('post_article') }}">发表文章</a></li>`        `{% endif %}`        `{% if 'username' in session and session['username'] == 'admin' %}`          `<li><a href="{{ url_for('approve_article') }}">审核文章</a></li>`        `{% endif %}`    `<nav>`      `<ul>`        `<li><a href="{{ url_for('index') }}">首页</a></li>`      `</ul>`    `</nav>`  `</header>``   `  `<section>`    `{% if page == 'index' %}`      `<h2>最新文章</h2>`      `{% for article in articles %}`        `<div class="article">`          `<h3><a href="{{ url_for('article', article_id=article[0]) }}">{{ article[1] }}</a></h3>`          `<p>{{ article[2] }}</p>`        `</div>`      `{% endfor %}`    `{% elif page == 'register' %}`      `<h2>注册</h2>`      `<form action="{{ url_for('register') }}" method="post">`        `<label for="username">用户名:</label>`        `<input type="text" id="username" name="username" required>`        `<label for="password">密码:</label>`        `<input type="password" id="password" name="password" required>`        `<input type="submit" value="注册">`      `</form>`    `{% elif page == 'login' %}`      `<h2>登录</h2>`      `<form action="{{ url_for('login') }}" method="post">`        `<label for="username">用户名:</label>`        `<input type="text" id="username" name="username" required>`        `<label for="password">密码:</label>`        `<input type="password" id="password" name="password" required>`        `<input type="submit" value="登录">`        `{% if error %}`          `<p class="error">{{ error }}</p>`        `{% endif %}`      `</form>`    `{% elif page == 'post_article' %}`      `{% if 'username' in session %}`        `<h2>发表文章</h2>`        `<form action="{{ url_for('post_article') }}" method="post">`          `<label for="title">标题:</label>`          `<input type="text" id="title" name="title" required>`          `<label for="content">内容:</label>`          `<textarea id="content" name="content" rows="5" required></textarea>`          `<input type="submit" value="发表">`        `</form>`      `{% else %}`        `<p>请先登录再发表文章。</p>`      `{% endif %}`    `{% elif page == 'article' %}`      `<h2>{{ article[1] }}</h2>`      `<p>{{ article[2] }}</p>`      `{% if 'username' in session %}`        `<h3>发表评论</h3>`        `<form action="{{ url_for('article', article_id=article[0]) }}" method="post">`          `<textarea id="content" name="content" rows="3" required></textarea>`          `<input type="submit" value="提交">`        `</form>`      `{% else %}`        `<p>请先登录再发表评论。</p>`      `{% endif %}`      `{% for comment in comments %}`        `<div class="comment">`          `<p>{{ comment[0] }}</p>`        `</div>`      `{% endfor %}`    `{% elif page == 'approve_article' %}`      `{% if 'username' in session and session['username'] == 'admin' %}`        `<h2>审核文章</h2>`        `<ul>`          `{% for article in articles %}`            `<li>`              `<h3>{{ article[1] }}</h3>`              `<p>{{ article[2] }}</p>`              `<form action="{{ url_for('approve_article') }}" method="post">`                `<input type="hidden" name="article_id" value="{{ article[0] }}">`                `<input type="radio" name="action" value="approve" required> 审核通过`                `<input type="radio" name="action" value="reject"> 拒绝审核`                `<input type="submit" value="提交">`              `</form>`            `</li>`          `{% endfor %}`        `</ul>`      `{% else %}`        `<p>你没有权限访问该页面。</p>`      `{% endif %}`    `{% endif %}`  `</section>``   `  `<footer>`    `<p>&copy; {{ year }} Python学霸，保留所有权利。</p>`  `</footer>``</body>``</html>

style.css:

html, body {`  `height: 100%;`  `margin: 0;`  `padding: 0;`  `font-family: Arial, sans-serif;``}``   ``body {`  `display: flex;`  `flex-direction: column;` `padding-left: 50px;``  padding-right: 50px;``}``   ``header {`  `background-color: #556c86;`  `color: #fff;`  `padding: 20px;``}``   ``h1 {`  `margin: 0;``}``   ``nav ul {`  `list-style-type: none;`  `margin: 0;`  `padding: 0;``}``   ``nav ul li {`  `display: inline-block;`  `margin-right: 10px;``}``   ``nav ul li a {`  `color: #fff;`  `text-decoration: none;``}``   ``.article {`  `background-color: #f5f5f5;`  `margin-bottom: 20px;`  `padding: 20px;``}``   ``.article h3 {`  `margin: 0;``}``   ``.comment {`  `background-color: #f5f5f5;`  `padding: 10px;`  `margin-bottom: 10px;``}` `a {`  `color: #000;`  `text-decoration: none;``}``section {`  `padding: 2rem;``}``   ``section h2 {`  `font-size: 2rem;`  `margin-bottom: 1.5rem;``}``   ``section h3 {`  `margin-bottom: 1rem;`  `font-size: 1.5rem;``}``   ``/* Form styles */``   ``form {`  `margin-bottom: 1rem;``}``   ``label {`  `display: block;`  `margin-bottom: 0.5rem;`  `font-weight: 700;``}``   ``input[type="text"], input[type="password"], textarea {`  `width: 100%;`  `padding: 0.5rem;`  `margin-bottom: 1rem;`  `border: 1px solid #ced4da;`  `border-radius: 0.25rem;``}``   ``input[type="submit"], input[type="button"] {`  `background-color: #007bff;`  `color: #fff;`  `padding: 0.5rem 1rem;`  `border: none;`  `border-radius: 0.25rem;`  `cursor: pointer;`  `font-size: 1.2rem;``}``input[type="submit"]:hover, input[type="button"]:hover {`  `opacity: 0.8;``}``   ``textarea {`  `resize: vertical;`  `min-height: 10rem;``}``   ``footer {`  `color: #000;`  `padding: 10px;`  `text-align: center;`  `margin-top: auto;``}

以上就是“Python极限挑战——开发出Flask个人博客”的全部内容，希望对你有所帮助。
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