MTK-删除设置首页菜单项

根据需求，删除设置界面 部分菜单选项

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场景

• 前面做了壁纸软件开发，为了不和系统设置壁纸冲突，不让用户去设置里面去设置壁纸，那么需要把壁纸修改选项去掉。 隐藏： 设置->壁纸
• 车载中控产品，好多用的是系统原生设置，大部分会对原生设置进行新增和删除菜单，规避客户误操作

以设置里面去掉壁纸菜单为例，如下：

参考资料

Android 静态壁纸设置实现方案
Settings源码分析1：
Android 11 Settings源码入门
Android Settings和SettingsProvider源码分析与修改
分析Android 11.0Settings源码之主界面加载
[Android 系统应用之Settings(https://juejin.cn/post/7460118583378673714)

实现方案 - 修改文件

这里就以屏蔽壁纸菜单为例

修改文件如下：

/vendor/mediatek/proprietary/packages/apps/MtkSettings/res/xml/top_level_settings.xml

如果要屏蔽壁纸菜单，那么在布局top_level_settings.xml 中屏蔽如下如选项

源码分析

主界面 Settings

看程序入口配置配置

<!-- Alias for launcher activity only, as this belongs to each profile. -->
        <activity-alias android:name="Settings"
                android:label="@string/settings_label_launcher"
                android:taskAffinity="com.android.settings.root"
                android:launchMode="singleTask"
                android:exported="true"
                android:targetActivity=".homepage.SettingsHomepageActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
            <meta-data android:name="android.app.shortcuts" android:resource="@xml/shortcuts"/>
        </activity-alias>

看这个配置，那么Settings 只是一个别名，真正的启动Activity 为：SettingsHomepageActivity

主界面 SettingsHomepageActivity

主界面 结构如下，从结构上看，这个Activity相当简单，由很多fragment 嵌套完成的。

布局文件 settings_homepage_container

设置布局地方如下

 setContentView(R.layout.settings_homepage_container);

两个菜单项，继续看Activity 中加载地方

  @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.settings_homepage_container);
            。。。。。。。。。。
        if (!getSystemService(ActivityManager.class).isLowRamDevice()) {
            // Only allow features on high ram devices.
            final ImageView avatarView = findViewById(R.id.account_avatar);
            if (AvatarViewMixin.isAvatarSupported(this)) {
                avatarView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                getLifecycle().addObserver(new AvatarViewMixin(this, avatarView));
            }

            showSuggestionFragment();

            if (FeatureFlagUtils.isEnabled(this, FeatureFlags.CONTEXTUAL_HOME)) {
                showFragment(new ContextualCardsFragment(), R.id.contextual_cards_content);
            }
        }
        showFragment(new TopLevelSettings(), R.id.main_content);
        ((FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.main_content))
                .getLayoutTransition().enableTransitionType(LayoutTransition.CHANGING);
    }

这里暂时不分析 ContextualCardsFragment TopLevelSettings 的区别

这里可以看到 一级菜单大概率是 TopLevelSettings

一级菜单界面 TopLevelSettings

其实也很简单，这里可以看到加载界面配置文件 top_level_settings

一级菜单配置文件 top_level_settings

源码如下，有好多个 Preference 配置组成，去掉自己想要隐藏的配置即可满足要求

<PreferenceScreen
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:settings="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:key="top_level_settings">

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.network.NetworkDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_wireless"
        android:key="top_level_network"
        android:order="-150"
        android:title="@string/network_dashboard_title"
        android:summary="@string/summary_placeholder"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.network.TopLevelNetworkEntryPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.connecteddevice.ConnectedDeviceDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_devices_other"
        android:key="top_level_connected_devices"
        android:order="-140"
        android:title="@string/connected_devices_dashboard_title"
        android:summary="@string/connected_devices_dashboard_default_summary"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.connecteddevice.TopLevelConnectedDevicesPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.applications.AppDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_apps"
        android:key="top_level_apps"
        android:order="-130"
        android:title="@string/apps_dashboard_title"
        android:summary="@string/app_and_notification_dashboard_summary"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.notification.ConfigureNotificationSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_notifications"
        android:key="top_level_notification"
        android:order="-120"
        android:title="@string/configure_notification_settings"
        android:summary="@string/notification_dashboard_summary"/>

    <!--Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.fuelgauge.PowerUsageSummary"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_battery_white"
        android:key="top_level_battery"
        android:order="-110"
        android:title="@string/power_usage_summary_title"
        android:summary="@string/summary_placeholder"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.fuelgauge.TopLevelBatteryPreferenceController"/-->

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.deviceinfo.StorageDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_storage_white"
        android:key="top_level_storage"
        android:order="-100"
        android:title="@string/storage_settings"
        android:summary="@string/summary_placeholder"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.deviceinfo.TopLevelStoragePreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.notification.SoundSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_volume_up_24dp"
        android:key="top_level_sound"
        android:order="-90"
        android:title="@string/sound_settings"
        android:summary="@string/sound_dashboard_summary"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.DisplaySettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_display_white"
        android:key="top_level_display"
        android:order="-80"
        android:title="@string/display_settings"
        android:summary="@string/display_dashboard_summary"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.display.TopLevelDisplayPreferenceController"/>

    <com.android.settingslib.RestrictedTopLevelPreference
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_wallpaper_white"
        android:key="top_level_wallpaper"
        android:order="-70"
        android:title="@string/wallpaper_settings_title"
        android:summary="@string/wallpaper_dashboard_summary"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.display.TopLevelWallpaperPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.accessibility.AccessibilitySettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_accessibility"
        android:key="top_level_accessibility"
        android:order="-60"
        android:title="@string/accessibility_settings"
        android:summary="@string/accessibility_settings_summary"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.accessibility.TopLevelAccessibilityPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.security.SecuritySettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_security_white"
        android:key="top_level_security"
        android:order="-50"
        android:title="@string/security_settings_title"
        android:summary="@string/security_dashboard_summary"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.security.TopLevelSecurityEntryPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.privacy.PrivacyDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_privacy"
        android:key="top_level_privacy"
        android:order="-40"
        android:title="@string/privacy_dashboard_title"
        android:summary="@string/privacy_dashboard_summary"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.location.LocationSettings"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_location"
        android:key="top_level_location"
        android:order="-30"
        android:title="@string/location_settings_title"
        android:summary="@string/location_settings_loading_app_permission_stats"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.location.TopLevelLocationPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:key="top_level_emergency"
        android:title="@string/emergency_settings_preference_title"
        android:summary="@string/emergency_dashboard_summary"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_emergency"
        android:order="-20"
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.emergency.EmergencyDashboardFragment"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.accounts.AccountDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_accounts"
        android:key="top_level_accounts"
        android:order="-10"
        android:title="@string/account_dashboard_title"
        android:summary="@string/summary_placeholder"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.accounts.TopLevelAccountEntryPreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.system.SystemDashboardFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_settings_system_dashboard_white"
        android:key="top_level_system"
        android:order="10"
        android:title="@string/header_category_system"
        android:summary="@string/system_dashboard_summary"/>

    <Preference
        android:fragment="com.android.settings.deviceinfo.aboutphone.MyDeviceInfoFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_phone_info"
        android:key="top_level_about_device"
        android:order="20"
        android:title="@string/about_settings"
        android:summary="@string/summary_placeholder"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.deviceinfo.aboutphone.TopLevelAboutDevicePreferenceController"/>

    <Preference
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_help"
        android:key="top_level_support"
        android:order="100"
        android:title="@string/page_tab_title_support"
        android:summary="@string/support_summary"
        settings:controller="com.android.settings.support.SupportPreferenceController"/>

</PreferenceScreen>

反思

我们改过很多菜单屏蔽、影藏的需求，那为什么屏蔽了 Preference 选项就能修改成功呢？ 曾经有两位同事都问过同一个问题，既然 .xml 属于配置文件，直接屏蔽不会崩溃吗？
这里需要重点理解下 PreferenceScreen 的相关知识了 ， 研究系统设置绕不开它的
深入理解Android PreferenceScreen的使用与自定义

android开发之PreferenceScreen使用详解

总结

• 实现屏蔽系统设置中壁纸菜单的需求，了解系统设置一级菜单的加载显示原理
• 这里设计到的相关内容也是设置里面需要重点掌握的基础知识