linux学习lesson50

1 访问日志

日志格式
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //搜索log_format

其中

这段就是日志格式

除了在主配置文件nginx.conf里定义日志格式外，还需要在虚拟主机配置文件中增加

[root@linux01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf
access_log /tmp/nginx.log combined_realip;

这里的combined_realip就是在nginx.conf中定义的日志格式名字

重新加载配置文件-t && -s reload：

[root@linux01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@linux01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

curl测试：

[root@linux01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test1.com -I
[root@linux01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I
[root@linux01 ~]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test2.com -I

查看日志：

[root@linux01 ~]# cat /tmp/nginx.log
127.0.0.1 - [19/Nov/2018:09:43:52 +0800] test1.com "/" 301 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - [19/Nov/2018:09:43:55 +0800] test.com "/" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
127.0.0.1 - [19/Nov/2018:09:44:00 +0800] test2.com "/" 301 "-" "curl/7.29.0"

2 nginx访问日志切割

自定义shell 脚本切割文件

[root@linux01 ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh//写入如下内容
#! /bin/bash
## 假设nginx的日志存放路径为/data/logs/
d=`date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d`
logdir="/data/logs" //nginx日志记录的路径
nginx_pid="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
cd $logdir
for log in `ls *.log`
do
mv $log $log-$d
done
/bin/kill -HUP `cat $nginx_pid` //# 在不关闭进程前提下重启，等价于nginx -s reload

加到系统任务计划

[root@linux01 ~]# crontab -e
0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh

直接执行测试：

[root@linux01 ~]# /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh
[root@linux01 ~]# ls /tmp/
mysql.sock  nginx.log  nginx.log-20181118  pear  php-fcgi.sock

间隔一段时间删除日志

[root@linux01 ~]# find /tmp/ -name "*.log-**" -type f -mtime -1 | xargs rm

3 静态文件不记录日志和过期时间

配置如下

[root@linux01 ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf

{
listen 80;
server_name test.com test1.com test2.com;
root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$  //~表示匹配
{
expires 7d;
access_log off;   //表示不记录日志
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)$
{
expires 12h;
access_log off;
}

access_log /tmp/nginx.log combined_realip;

}

重新加载配置文件：

[root@linux01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@linux01 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

创建测试文件：

[root@linux01 ~]# cd /data/wwwroot/test.com/
[root@linux01 test.com]# vim 1.png
[root@linux01 test.com]# vim 2.js

crul测试：

[root@linux01 ~]# curl  -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/1.png
hello
[root@linux01 ~]# curl  -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.js
world
[root@linux01 ~]# curl  -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com
“test.com”
[root@linux01 ~]# cat /tmp/nginx.log
127.0.0.1 - [19/Nov/2018:10:03:13 +0800] test.com "/" 200 "-" "www.baidu.com"
127.0.0.1 - [19/Nov/2018:10:04:00 +0800] test.com "/" 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0"

过滤了后缀.png和.js的访问记录

查看访问文件的过期时间：

[root@linux01 ~]# curl  -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/2.js -I

过期时间：43200秒为12h