PAT研究生入学考试2015.03第四题Build A Binary Search Tree (30) 题解

题目:http://www.patest.cn/contests/pat-a-practise/1099

题目可以分为四个步骤:建树,排序,中序遍历,层次遍历

建树就是输入,注意把双亲域也填上,后边中序遍历如果是非递归的话要用到。

然后将输入的数据序列从小到大排好序,这样在中序遍历的时候就只要一个一个填进去就好了。

中序遍历我用的是树操作中常见的求下一个节点的运算,是非递归的。

层次遍历我用的是队列,或者说广度优先搜索。

整体来看这题也就是稍微麻烦一些,并不难。


#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
//1ms 360kb
const int MAXN=110;
struct Node
{
    int value;
    Node* l,*r,*p;
}nodes[MAXN];
int n;

Node* nextNode(Node* now)
{
    if (now->r){
        now=now->r;
        while (now->l)
            now=now->l;
        return now;
    }
    while (now->p!=NULL && now==now->p->r)
        now=now->p;
    return now->p;
}

void printTree(Node* root)
{
    Node* dl[MAXN];
    int h=0,t=0,coun=0;
    dl[h]=root;
    while (h<=t)
    {
        if (++coun==n) printf("%d",dl[h]->value);
        else printf("%d ",dl[h]->value);

        if (dl[h]->l!=NULL)
            dl[++t]=dl[h]->l;
        if (dl[h]->r!=NULL)
            dl[++t]=dl[h]->r;
        h++;
    }
}

int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        int a,b;
        scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
        if (a==-1)
            nodes[i].l= NULL;
        else
        {
            nodes[i].l=&nodes[a];
            nodes[a].p=&nodes[i];
        }
        if (b==-1)
            nodes[i].r= NULL;
        else
        {
            nodes[i].r=&nodes[b];
            nodes[b].p=&nodes[i];
        }
    }

    int a[MAXN];
    for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
        scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    sort(a,a+n);
    Node* now=&nodes[0];
    while (now->l) now=now->l;

    for (int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        now->value=a[i];
        now=nextNode(now);
    }

    printTree(&nodes[0]);
    return 0;
}
【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.
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