* Formation of standing waves
1⃣️【State类Paper 2考点】standing wave的formation需要什么条件(2个得分点)?
2⃣️【Paper 1考点】Standing wave的形成实际上是wave的何种behavior的结果?
答:
1⃣️ two identical waves travelling in opposite directions 1’
superimpose 1’
2⃣️ principle of superposition 1’
* Standing wave中有哪些Terminology?
- 什么是一个loop?
答:将代表相邻nodes之间oscillate情况的pattern称为一个loop。
- 【label类考点】什么是node 和antinode?
答:standing wave形成后,不再oscillate的particle称node;oscillate的amplitude最大的particle称antinode。
有时题目中会出现,adjacent / consecutive nodes,学生要知道其含义,指的是相继出现的nodes,相邻的nodes。
- 什么是boundary conditions?为什么需要关注boundary condition?
答:boundary condition指的是一个string或一个pipe的边界情况,nature of ends。
String的boundary 可以fixed,也可free;
Pipe的boundary 可以open,也可closed。
‼️Boundary condition 将affect whether nodes or antinodes appear at the end of a system.
- 【难点/Paper 1考点/推导公式时要用】如何理解frequency/period of a standing wave?
答:第一层理解,frequency/period of a standing wave 是frequency/period of the simple harmonic motion of the particles in a standing wave; 第二层理解,‼️ frequency/period of a standing wave is also the frequency/period of the individual wave making the standing wave。
- 【难点,label类考点】如何理解wavelength of a standing wave?如何在standing wave的“loop after loop”的diagram中label出一个wavelength?
答:wavelength of a standing wave指的是形成standing wave的individual wave的wavelength。
- 【Paper 1考点】如何理解wave speed of a standing wave?
答:所谓Standing wave的wave speed就是individual wave在medium中propagate时的speed。