【数据结构】CopyOnWriteArrayList源码分析

参考链接

https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/u010002184/article/details/90452918

JDK文档中英对照

英文：

public class CopyOnWriteArrayList
extends Object
implements List, RandomAccess, Cloneable, Serializable
.
A thread-safe variant of ArrayList in which all mutative operations (add, set, and so on) are implemented by making a fresh copy of the underlying
array
.
This is ordinarily too costly, but may be more efficient than alternatives when traversal operations vastly outnumber mutations, and is useful when you cannot or don’t want to synchronize traversals, yet need to preclude interference among concurrent threads. The “snapshot” style iterator method uses a reference to the state of the array at the point that the iterator was created. This array never changes during the lifetime of the iterator, so interference is impossible and the iterator is guaranteed not to throw ConcurrentModificationException. The iterator will not reflect additions, removals, or changes to the list since the iterator was created. Element-changing operations on iterators themselves (remove, set, and add) are not supported. These methods throw UnsupportedOperationException
.
All elements are permitted, including null.
.
Memory consistency effects: As with other concurrent collections, actions in a thread prior to placing an object into a CopyOnWriteArrayList happen-before actions subsequent to the access or removal of that element from the CopyOnWriteArrayList in another thread.
This class is a member of the Java Collections Framework.
Since:
1.5

中文：

ArrayList 的一个线程安全的变体，其中所有可变操作（add、set 等等）都是通过对底层数组进行一次新的复制来实现的
。
这一般需要很大的开销，但是当遍历操作的数量大大超过可变操作的数量时，这种方法可能比其他替代方法更 有效。在不能或不想进行同步遍历，但又需要从并发线程中排除冲突时，它也很有用。“快照”风格的迭代器方法在创建迭代器时使用了对数组状态的引用。此数组在迭代器的生存期内不会更改，因此不可能发生冲突，并且迭代器保证不会抛出 ConcurrentModificationException。创建迭代器以后，迭代器就不会反映列表的添加、移除或者更改。在迭代器上进行的元素更改操作（remove、set 和 add）不受支持。这些方法将抛出 UnsupportedOperationException
。
允许使用所有元素，包括 null
。
内存一致性效果：当存在其他并发 collection 时，将对象放入 CopyOnWriteArrayList 之前的线程中的操作 happen-before 随后通过另一线程从 CopyOnWriteArrayList 中访问或移除该元素的操作。
此类是 Java Collections Framework 的成员
。
从以下版本开始：
1.5

特点

• 读多写少
• 读写分离
• 内存占用问题
• 数据一致问题