pySpark ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘XXX‘

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博客内容描述了一位开发者遇到在PySpark环境中使用jieba分词库时遇到的问题，即使已经安装了jieba，但在pycharm和jupyter中仍然无法找到。通过设置PYSPARK_PYTHON环境变量，将特定环境的python路径指定给该变量，解决了找不到jieba模块的错误。错误信息显示在Py4JJavaError中，提示因Stage失败导致任务被终止，主要原因是Python中无法找到jieba模块。

今天出现了一个很奇怪的问题，命名已经安装了 jieba 分词库了，但是无论是 pycharm 还是 jupyter 都无法找到，后来经过和同事的不断尝试发现了一个解决方案：
在代码的开始部分添加相应的环境变脸并将指定的变量指向这个变量：

解决方案：

PYSPARK_PYTHON ="/root/anaconda3/envs/环境名称/bin/python"
os.environ['PYSPARK_PYTHON'] = PYSPARK_PYTHON
os.environ['PYSPARK_DRIVER_PYTHON'] = PYSPARK_PYTHON

错误信息：

Py4JJavaError: An error occurred while calling o84.showString.
: org.apache.spark.SparkException: Job aborted due to stage failure: Task 0 in stage 4.0 failed 1 times, most recent failure: Lost task 0.0 in stage 4.0 (TID 9, localhost, executor driver): org.apache.spark.api.python.PythonException: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 361, in main
    func, profiler, deserializer, serializer = read_udfs(pickleSer, infile, eval_type)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 236, in read_udfs
    arg_offsets, udf = read_single_udf(pickleSer, infile, eval_type, runner_conf)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 163, in read_single_udf
    f, return_type = read_command(pickleSer, infile)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 64, in read_command
    command = serializer._read_with_length(file)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/serializers.py", line 172, in _read_with_length
    return self.loads(obj)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/serializers.py", line 577, in loads
    return pickle.loads(obj, encoding=encoding)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/cloudpickle.py", line 875, in subimport
    __import__(name)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'jieba'

	at org.apache.spark.api.python.BasePythonRunner$ReaderIterator.handlePythonException(PythonRunner.scala:452)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.python.PythonUDFRunner$$anon$1.read(PythonUDFRunner.scala:81)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.python.PythonUDFRunner$$anon$1.read(PythonUDFRunner.scala:64)
	at org.apache.spark.api.python.BasePythonRunner$ReaderIterator.hasNext(PythonRunner.scala:406)
	at org.apache.spark.InterruptibleIterator.hasNext(InterruptibleIterator.scala:37)
	at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$12.hasNext(Iterator.scala:440)
	at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$11.hasNext(Iterator.scala:409)
	at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$11.hasNext(Iterator.scala:409)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.GeneratedClass$GeneratedIteratorForCodegenStage4.processNext(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.BufferedRowIterator.hasNext(BufferedRowIterator.java:43)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.WholeStageCodegenExec$$anonfun$11$$anon$1.hasNext(WholeStageCodegenExec.scala:619)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan$$anonfun$2.apply(SparkPlan.scala:255)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan$$anonfun$2.apply(SparkPlan.scala:247)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$mapPartitionsInternal$1$$anonfun$apply$24.apply(RDD.scala:836)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$mapPartitionsInternal$1$$anonfun$apply$24.apply(RDD.scala:836)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.MapPartitionsRDD.compute(MapPartitionsRDD.scala:52)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.computeOrReadCheckpoint(RDD.scala:324)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.iterator(RDD.scala:288)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.MapPartitionsRDD.compute(MapPartitionsRDD.scala:52)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.computeOrReadCheckpoint(RDD.scala:324)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.iterator(RDD.scala:288)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.ResultTask.runTask(ResultTask.scala:90)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.Task.run(Task.scala:121)
	at org.apache.spark.executor.Executor$TaskRunner$$anonfun$10.apply(Executor.scala:402)
	at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.tryWithSafeFinally(Utils.scala:1360)
	at org.apache.spark.executor.Executor$TaskRunner.run(Executor.scala:408)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

Driver stacktrace:
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.org$apache$spark$scheduler$DAGScheduler$$failJobAndIndependentStages(DAGScheduler.scala:1887)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler$$anonfun$abortStage$1.apply(DAGScheduler.scala:1875)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler$$anonfun$abortStage$1.apply(DAGScheduler.scala:1874)
	at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray$class.foreach(ResizableArray.scala:59)
	at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.foreach(ArrayBuffer.scala:48)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.abortStage(DAGScheduler.scala:1874)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler$$anonfun$handleTaskSetFailed$1.apply(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler$$anonfun$handleTaskSetFailed$1.apply(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
	at scala.Option.foreach(Option.scala:257)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.handleTaskSetFailed(DAGScheduler.scala:926)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.doOnReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2108)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.onReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2057)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGSchedulerEventProcessLoop.onReceive(DAGScheduler.scala:2046)
	at org.apache.spark.util.EventLoop$$anon$1.run(EventLoop.scala:49)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.DAGScheduler.runJob(DAGScheduler.scala:737)
	at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2061)
	at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2082)
	at org.apache.spark.SparkContext.runJob(SparkContext.scala:2101)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan.executeTake(SparkPlan.scala:365)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.CollectLimitExec.executeCollect(limit.scala:38)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.org$apache$spark$sql$Dataset$$collectFromPlan(Dataset.scala:3384)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset$$anonfun$head$1.apply(Dataset.scala:2545)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset$$anonfun$head$1.apply(Dataset.scala:2545)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset$$anonfun$53.apply(Dataset.scala:3365)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SQLExecution$$anonfun$withNewExecutionId$1.apply(SQLExecution.scala:78)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SQLExecution$.withSQLConfPropagated(SQLExecution.scala:125)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SQLExecution$.withNewExecutionId(SQLExecution.scala:73)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.withAction(Dataset.scala:3364)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.head(Dataset.scala:2545)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.take(Dataset.scala:2759)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.getRows(Dataset.scala:255)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.Dataset.showString(Dataset.scala:292)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at py4j.reflection.MethodInvoker.invoke(MethodInvoker.java:244)
	at py4j.reflection.ReflectionEngine.invoke(ReflectionEngine.java:357)
	at py4j.Gateway.invoke(Gateway.java:282)
	at py4j.commands.AbstractCommand.invokeMethod(AbstractCommand.java:132)
	at py4j.commands.CallCommand.execute(CallCommand.java:79)
	at py4j.GatewayConnection.run(GatewayConnection.java:238)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.apache.spark.api.python.PythonException: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 361, in main
    func, profiler, deserializer, serializer = read_udfs(pickleSer, infile, eval_type)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 236, in read_udfs
    arg_offsets, udf = read_single_udf(pickleSer, infile, eval_type, runner_conf)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 163, in read_single_udf
    f, return_type = read_command(pickleSer, infile)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/worker.py", line 64, in read_command
    command = serializer._read_with_length(file)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/serializers.py", line 172, in _read_with_length
    return self.loads(obj)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/serializers.py", line 577, in loads
    return pickle.loads(obj, encoding=encoding)
  File "/root/anaconda3/envs/sgave/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pyspark/python/lib/pyspark.zip/pyspark/cloudpickle.py", line 875, in subimport
    __import__(name)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'jieba'

	at org.apache.spark.api.python.BasePythonRunner$ReaderIterator.handlePythonException(PythonRunner.scala:452)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.python.PythonUDFRunner$$anon$1.read(PythonUDFRunner.scala:81)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.python.PythonUDFRunner$$anon$1.read(PythonUDFRunner.scala:64)
	at org.apache.spark.api.python.BasePythonRunner$ReaderIterator.hasNext(PythonRunner.scala:406)
	at org.apache.spark.InterruptibleIterator.hasNext(InterruptibleIterator.scala:37)
	at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$12.hasNext(Iterator.scala:440)
	at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$11.hasNext(Iterator.scala:409)
	at scala.collection.Iterator$$anon$11.hasNext(Iterator.scala:409)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.GeneratedClass$GeneratedIteratorForCodegenStage4.processNext(Unknown Source)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.BufferedRowIterator.hasNext(BufferedRowIterator.java:43)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.WholeStageCodegenExec$$anonfun$11$$anon$1.hasNext(WholeStageCodegenExec.scala:619)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan$$anonfun$2.apply(SparkPlan.scala:255)
	at org.apache.spark.sql.execution.SparkPlan$$anonfun$2.apply(SparkPlan.scala:247)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$mapPartitionsInternal$1$$anonfun$apply$24.apply(RDD.scala:836)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD$$anonfun$mapPartitionsInternal$1$$anonfun$apply$24.apply(RDD.scala:836)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.MapPartitionsRDD.compute(MapPartitionsRDD.scala:52)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.computeOrReadCheckpoint(RDD.scala:324)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.iterator(RDD.scala:288)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.MapPartitionsRDD.compute(MapPartitionsRDD.scala:52)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.computeOrReadCheckpoint(RDD.scala:324)
	at org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD.iterator(RDD.scala:288)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.ResultTask.runTask(ResultTask.scala:90)
	at org.apache.spark.scheduler.Task.run(Task.scala:121)
	at org.apache.spark.executor.Executor$TaskRunner$$anonfun$10.apply(Executor.scala:402)
	at org.apache.spark.util.Utils$.tryWithSafeFinally(Utils.scala:1360)
	at org.apache.spark.executor.Executor$TaskRunner.run(Executor.scala:408)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	... 1 more