数据结构--串的操作基本实现程序代…

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-17 15:06:48 发布

Godwin_Q

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-17 15:06:48 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Godwin_Q/article/details/42322113

本文介绍了一个自定义的C++字符串类的设计与实现细节，包括类成员函数的定义和功能实现，如字符串创建、遍历、长度计算等。此外，还提供了主函数中的示例代码用于展示各类操作。

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#include

#define Maxsize 200

enum returninfo{success,fail,overflow,underflow,range_error};//定义返回信息清单

class cstring

{

private:

char name[Maxsize];

public:

cstring();

~cstring();

bool strcreat(char *string);//串建立

bool randow();//随机产生字符串

void strtraverse();//串遍历

int strlength();//求串长度

cstring & operator =(char *string);//串赋值

cstring & operator (char *string);//串连接

char *substr(int locate,int len);//求子串

bool strcompare(char *string);//串比较

int strindex(char *string);//子串定位

returninfo strinsert(int locate,char *string);//串插入

returninfo strdelete(int locate,int len);//串删除

returninfo strmodify(int locate,int len,char *string);//修改字符串

bool strreplace(char *string1,char *string2);//串替换

void strresolve();//串的分解

void statistics();//字符的统计

bool compare(int num,char data);

};

cstring::cstring()

{

name[0]='\0';

}

cstring::~cstring(){}

//串建立

bool cstring::strcreat(char *string)

{

int i=0;

if(strlen(string)>=Maxsize)

return false;

else

{

strcpy(name,string);//调用库函数

return true;

}

//随机产生字符串

bool cstring:: randow()

{

int number;

srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));

cout<<"请输入字符串的长度: ";

cin>>number;

if(number>=Maxsize)

return false;

else{

for(int i=0;i

{

name[i 1]='\0';

name[i]=rand()� 33;//产生随机字符的ASCII

}

return true;

}

//串遍历

void cstring::strtraverse()

{

if(name[0]!='\0')

cout<<name<<endl;

else

cout<<"字符串为空！"<<endl;

}

//求串长度

int cstring::strlength()

{

return strlen(name);

}

//串赋值

cstring &cstring::operator =(char *string)//定义重载字符 =

{

strcpy(name,string);//调用库函数

return (*this);

}

//串连接

cstring &cstring:: operator (char *string)//定义重载字符

{

strcat(name,string);

return (*this);

}

//求子串

char *cstring::substr(int locate,int len)

{

char *temp;

int n=0,i;

temp=new char(len 1);

if(name[0]!='\0')

{

for(i=locate-1;(i-locate)<(len-1);i )

{

temp[n 1]='\0';

temp[n ]=name[i];

}

return temp;

}

else

return NULL;

}

//串比较

bool cstring::strcompare(char *string)

{

if(strcmp(name,string)==0)

return true;

else

return false;

}

//子串定位

int cstring::strindex(char *string)

{

int n=0,locate=0,i;

char *searchp;

for(searchp=name;(*searchp)!='\0';searchp )

{

locate ;

n=0;

for(i=0;i<(int)strlen(string);i )

if(*(string i)==*(searchp i))

n ;

if(n==(int)strlen(string))

break;

}

if((*searchp)=='\0')

locate=-1;

return locate;

}

//串插入

returninfo cstring::strinsert(int locate,char *string)

{

int i,n;

char *searchp=string;

n=strlen(string);

if(strlen(name) n>=Maxsize)

return overflow;

else if(locate>(cstring::strlength() 1)||locate<0)

return range_error;

else

{

for(i=(cstring::strlength());i>=locate-1;i--)//先后移

name[i n]=name[i];

for(i=(locate-1);(i-locate)再覆盖

name[i]=*(searchp );

return success;

}

//串删除

returninfo cstring::strdelete(int locate,int len)

{

if(len>=Maxsize)

return overflow;

else if(locate>=cstring::strlength()||locate<0)

return range_error;

else

{

for(int i=(locate-1);i<=cstring::strlength();i )//直接覆盖

name[i]=name[i len];

return success;

}

//串替换

bool cstring::strreplace(char *string1,char *string2)

{

int n=0;

char *searchp=name,*temp,*followp;

while(*searchp!='\0')

{

followp=searchp;

if(*followp==(*string1))

{

for(temp=string1;*temp!='\0';temp )

if(*temp!=*(followp )) break;

if(*temp=='\0')

{

n ;

cstring::strdelete((searchp-name 1),strlen(string1));//先删除

cstring::strinsert((searchp-name 1),string2);//再插入

searchp=searchp strlen(string2)-1;

if((searchp-name)>=strlen(name))

break;

continue;

}

searchp ;

}

if(n>0)

return true;

else

return false;

}

//修改字符串

returninfo cstring::strmodify(int locate,int len,char *string)

{

if(len strlen(name)>=Maxsize)

return overflow;

else if(locate>=cstring::strlength()||locate<0)

return range_error;

else

{

cstring::strdelete(locate,len);//先删除

cstring::strinsert(locate,string);//再插入

return success;

}

//串的分解

void cstring::strresolve()

{

int sum=0,n=0;

char temp[50],*searchp;

if(name[0]!='\0')

{

for(searchp=name;(*searchp)!='\0';searchp )

{

if(*searchp>='0'&&(*searchp)<='9')

sum=sum*10 (*searchp)-'0';

else{

temp[n 1]='\0';

temp[n ]=*searchp;

}

cout<<"分解的整数为: "<<sum<<endl;

cout<<"分解的字符为: "<<temp<<endl;

}

else

cout<<"字符串为空!"<<endl;

}

//字符的统计

bool cstring::compare(int num,char data)

{

for(int i=0;i

if(name[i]==data)

break;

if(i==num)

return 1;

else

return 0;

}

void cstring::statistics()

{

int m=0;

if(name[0]!='\0')

{

for(int i=0;i

{

m=0;

for(int j=0;j

if(name[j]==name[i]&&compare(i,name[i]))

m ;

if(m>0)

cout<<"字符 "<<name[i]<<"的个数为: "<<m<<endl;

}

else

cout<<"字符串为空!"<<endl;

}

void show_menu()

{

cout<<"=============菜单============="<<endl

<<"=============================="<<endl

<<" 1.创建字符串"<<endl

<<" 2.遍历字符串"<<endl

<<" 3.求串长度"<<endl

<<" 4.覆盖刷新"<<endl

<<" 5.串连接"<<endl

<<" 6.求子串"<<endl

<<" 7.串比较"<<endl

<<" 8.子串定位"<<endl

<<" 9.串插入"<<endl

<<" a.串删除"<<endl

<<" b.替换"<<endl

<<" c.修改"<<endl

<<" d.分解"<<endl

<<" e.统计"<<endl

<<" 0.退出"<<endl

<<"=========================="<<endl

<<"请输入选择: ";

}

int main()

{

char choice,temp[20],newchar[20];

int locate,length,choose;

returninfo infor;

cstring newstring;

while(1)

{

show_menu();

cin>>choice;

switch(choice)

{

case '1':

cout<<endl<<"1.手工输入 2.随机产生"<<endl;

cin>>choose;

bool tf;

if(choose==1)

{

cout<<"请输入字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

tf=newstring.strcreat(temp);

}

else

tf=newstring.randow();

if(tf)

cout<<"创建成功!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"创建失败!"<<endl;

break;

case '2':

cout<<"字符串为: ";

newstring.strtraverse();

break;

case '3':

cout<<"字符串长度为: ";

cout<<newstring.strlength()<<endl;

break;

case '4':

cout<<"请输入新的字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

if(strlen(temp)>=Maxsize)

cout<<"长度过大，赋值失败!"<<endl;

else

{

newstring=temp;

cout<<"赋值成功!"<<endl;

}

break;

case '5':

cout<<"请输入需要连接的字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

if((newstring.strlength() strlen(temp))>=Maxsize)

cout<<"长度过大，连接失败!"<<endl;

else

{

newstring temp;

cout<<"连接成功!"<<endl;

}

break;

case '6':

cout<<"请输入子串的位置: ";

cin>>locate;

cout<<"请输入子串的长度: ";

cin>>length;

if(locate>0&&locate

{

strcpy(temp,newstring.substr(locate,length));

if(temp!=NULL)

cout<<"子串为: "<<temp<<endl;

else

cout<<"主字符串为空！"<<endl;

}

else

cout<<"位置有误!"<<endl;

break;

case '7':

cout<<"请输入要比较的字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

if(newstring.strcompare(temp))

cout<<"两个字符串相同!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"两个字符串不相同!"<<endl;

break;

case '8':

cout<<"请输入子串: ";

cin>>temp;

locate=newstring.strindex(temp);

if(locate==-1)

cout<<"主字符串中不存在这样的子串!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"子串在主字符串的位置为:"<<locate<<endl;

break;

case '9':

cout<<"请输入要插入的字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

cout<<"请输入插入字符串的位置: ";

cin>>locate;

infor=newstring.strinsert(locate,temp);

if(infor==overflow)

cout<<"字符串过长，插入失败!"<<endl;

else if(infor==range_error)

cout<<"位置不正确，插入失败!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"插入成功!"<<endl;

break;

case 'a':

cout<<"请输入要删除的字符串的起始位置: ";

cin>>locate;

cout<<"请输入要删除的字符串的长度: ";

cin>>length;

infor=newstring.strdelete(locate,length);

if(infor==overflow)

cout<<"字符串过长，删除失败!"<<endl;

else if(infor==range_error)

cout<<"位置不正确，删除失败!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"删除成功!"<<endl;

break;

case 'b':

cout<<"请输入要替换的字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

cout<<"请输入新的字符串: ";

cin>>newchar;

if(newstring.strreplace(temp,newchar))

cout<<"替换成功!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"替换失败!"<<endl;

break;

case 'c':

cout<<"请输入要修改的字符串的起始位置: ";

cin>>locate;

cout<<"请输入要修改的字符串的长度: ";

cin>>length;

cout<<"请输入新的字符串: ";

cin>>temp;

infor=newstring.strmodify(locate,length,temp);

if(infor==overflow)

cout<<"字符串过长，修改失败!"<<endl;

else if(infor==range_error)

cout<<"位置不正确，修改失败!"<<endl;

else

cout<<"修改成功!"<<endl;

break;

case 'd':

newstring.strresolve();

break;

case 'e':

newstring.statistics();

break;

case '0':

exit(0);

default:

cout<<"输入错误!"<<endl;

}

cout<<endl<<"请按任意键继续。。。。"<<endl;

getch();

system("cls");

}

return 0;

}