iOS编程-------UIView

//
//  AppDelegate.h
//  UI01_UIView
//
//  Created by t on 15/8/31.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 . All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;


@end




//
//  AppDelegate.m
//  UI01_UIView
//
//  Created by t on 15/8/31.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 . All rights reserved.
//

#import "AppDelegate.h"

@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate
//重写dealloc
- (void)dealloc{
    [_window release];
    [super dealloc];
}

//该方法是加载成功之后执行,方法内部,建立了一个window,以及相关的子视图.
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

    /*
      一. UIWindow
      UIWindow 是UIView的子类,作用是加载图片,以及传递触摸事件给内部的视图.一般一个App 只有一个window.
      我们可以把window认为是画板,其内部的view认为是画布,我们一般不会直接操作window,而是操作其内部的view.
    */

    //创建一个window,等屏大小
    self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]]autorelease];

    //设置window的背景颜色
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

    //把seif.window设置为主窗口且可见.
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

    //window 是一个视图容器,我们今后在window上添加视图,才可以显示出来,凡是添加到window上面的视图,视图的属性window不为空.

    //二. UIView
    //1.创建view,并且初始化

    UIView *redView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 10, 100, 20))];
    UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 30, 100, 20)) ];
    UIView *blackView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50,50 , 100, 20))];
    UIView *purpleView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 70, 100, 20))];
    UIView *yellowView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 90, 100, 20))];
    UIView *grayView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 110, 100, 20))];
    UIView *greenView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 130, 100, 20))];

    //    第二种方式,init和frame赋值分开来写.
    //    UIView *redView1 = [[UIView alloc]init];
    //    redView1.frame = CGRectMake(150, 150, 150, 150);

    /*
    frame
    frame 本身是一个结构体类型,CGRect(CGPoint(x, y), CGSize(width, height))
    CGRect 结构体的成员是两个结构体
    CGPoint(x, y)控制view的坐标
    CGSize(Width, height)控制view的大小
    创建CGRect 类型变量,通过CGRectMake()函数

    注意:frame是子视图在父视图坐标系中的位置.frame.origin 是子视图的左上角距离父视图原点的距离
    在ios中,一个视图的坐标原点,默认为左上角.
    */

    UIView *orangeView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 150, 100, 20))];
    orangeView.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [self.window addSubview:orangeView];
    [orangeView release];

    CGRect rec = orangeView.frame;  //封装,方便以后用.
    rec.origin.y = 200;
    orangeView.frame = rec;

////    blackView.frame.origin.x = 50; //错误的,产生歧义!

    CGRect rec1 = blackView.frame;
    rec1.origin.x = 200;
    blackView.frame = rec1; //赋值

    //2.设置属性
    redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];//给view的backgroundColor 背景颜色设置为红色
    blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    blackView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    purpleView.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
    yellowView.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
    grayView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    greenView.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];

    //3.添加视图到window上
    [self.window addSubview:redView];
    [self.window addSubview:blackView];
    [self.window addSubview:blueView];
    [self.window addSubview:purpleView];
    [self.window addSubview:yellowView];
    [self.window addSubview:grayView];
    [self.window addSubview:greenView];

    //4.释放
    [redView release];
    [blueView release];
    [blackView release];
    [purpleView release];
    [yellowView release];
    [grayView release];
    [greenView release];

    /*
    view 的center 属性
    center 为视图的中心点,是基于frame的origin 和 size 决定的
    center.x = frame.origin.x + size.width / 2
    center.y = frame.origin.y + size.height / 2
     */

//**********************************************************

    /*
    bounds
    bounds 是view的一个重要的属性,代表的是实际显示区域.
    bounds 参考的是view 自己的坐标系.
    bounds.origin 为 视图的左上角 距离 本身坐标系的位置. (视图本身坐标系原点默认为左上角)因此bounds.origin默认为(0, 0)
    */


    UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200))];
    view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor magentaColor];
    [self.window addSubview:view1];

    //给view1 添加一个子视图
    UIView *subView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    subView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    [view1 addSubview:subView];

    //取到view1.bounds
    CGRect rect = view1.bounds;

    //改变bounds的origin
    rect.origin.x = 100;//view1视图左上角,距离原点为100
    view1.bounds = rect;

    //改变bounds的size
    CGRect rec2 = view1.bounds;
    rec2.size = CGSizeMake(300, 300);
    view1.bounds = rec2;

    NSLog(@"%f %f", view1.bounds.origin.x, view1.bounds.origin.y);
    [view1 release];


    //  frame bounds 总结
    //frame 是父视图左上角 在父视图坐标系中的位置. 参考系为父视图坐标系.改变frame的origin,改变的是子视图在父视图中的位置

    //bounds 是子视图左上角 在本地坐标系中的位置.参考系为本地坐标系.改变 bounds的origin.改变的是本视图的坐标系,视图的原本位置不会发生变化,只是相对于原点坐标的数值发生了改变.

    //改变bounds 不会改变自身的位置,会改变子视图的位置.
    //bounds 是视图的实际显示区域.如果bounds的size和frame 的size 不同,会基于,view的中心点发生变化.
//********************************************************

    UIView *red1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    [self.window addSubview:red1View];
    [red1View release];

    UIView *orange1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(150, 150, 100, 100))];
    orange1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:orange1View atIndex:1];
    [orange1View release];

    UIView *yellow1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(200, 200, 100, 100))];
    yellow1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:yellow1View atIndex:2];
    [yellow1View release];

    UIView *blue1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(250, 250, 100, 100))];
    blue1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:blue1View aboveSubview:yellow1View];
    [blue1View release];


////insertSubView:bView belowSubView:aView 在aView 视图的下面添加视图bView . subView数组a对象index的前面.
    UIView *black1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(225, 225, 100, 100))];
    black1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:black1View belowSubview:blue1View];
    [black1View release];

    UIView *green1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 50, 100, 100))];
    green1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
    [self.window addSubview:green1View];
    [green1View release];

  //管理视图层次的方法,都只是针对于该子视图的父视图来说的,一个子视图,只能有一个父视图.

    for (UIView *view in self.window.subviews) {
         NSLog(@"%lu %p", [self.window.subviews count], self.window.subviews);
        [view removeFromSuperview];
    }

//****************************************
    //练习要求：新建一个工程，创建5个视图(aView、bView、cView、dView、eView)
    UIView *aView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    [self.window addSubview:aView];
    [aView release];

    UIView *bView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(125, 125, 100, 100))];
    bView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:bView atIndex:1];
    [bView release];

    UIView *cView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(150, 150, 100, 100))];
    cView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:cView atIndex:2];
    [cView release];

    UIView *dView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(175, 175, 100, 100))];
    dView.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:dView atIndex:3];
    [dView release];

    UIView *eView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(200, 200, 100, 100))];
    eView.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:eView atIndex:4];
    [eView release];

    [self.window bringSubviewToFront:aView];
    [self.window sendSubviewToBack:cView];
    [self.window exchangeSubviewAtIndex:3 withSubviewAtIndex:4];
    [cView removeFromSuperview];

 //***********************************
////    //view的常用属性
    UIView *tagView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200))];
    tagView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    tagView.tag = 10;
    [self.window addSubview:tagView];
    [tagView release];

    UIView *view = [self.window viewWithTag:10];
    view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];

        tagView.hidden = NO;
        tagView.alpha = 0.5;
        UIView *superView = [tagView superview];
        superView.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];

    for (UIView *view in self.window.subviews) {
        if (view.tag == 10) {
            UIView *tagView = [self.window viewWithTag:10];
            tagView.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
        }
    }


    UIView *black2View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    black2View.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [tagView addSubview:blackView];
    [black2View release];

    UIView *orange2View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100))];
    orange2View.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [tagView addSubview:orange2View];
    [orange2View release];

    //给视图添加标记
    black2View.tag = 11;
    orange2View.tag = 12;

    //获取本视图的所有子视图
    NSArray *subViews = [tagView subviews];
    for (UIView *view in subViews) {
        if (view.tag == 11) {
//           view = [tagView viewWithTag:11];
            view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
        }else if (view.tag == 12){
            view.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
        }

    }


    return YES;
}

@end