MySQL的主从复制配置（异步，半同步）

1.配置MySQL复制基本操作

MySQL的原理： 点击打开链接

一.master

1.启动二进制日志。

log-bin = master-bin

log-bin-index = master-bin.index

2.选择一个唯一的server.id

server.id = (0-2^32)

3.创建具有复制权限的用户

REPLTCATION SLAVE

REPLICATION CLIENT

二.slave

1.启用中继日志

relay-log = relay-log

relay-log-index = slave-bin.index

2.选择一个唯一的server-id

server-id =  (0-2^32)

3.连接至主服务器，并开始复制数据。

change master to

master_host = '',master_port='',master_log_file=‘’,master_log_pos='',master_user='',master_password='';

start slave;

    主服务器的dump线程将数据给从服务器的I/O线程，SQL线程从中继日志读一个数据在MySQL中写。

主服务器的配置。

修改/etc/my.cnf     （mysql的主配置文件）

设置二进制日志。注意server-id必须要和从服务器区分开来。

最好再加上一句在配置文件中加上，不过不是很重要。

innodb_file_per_table = 1

建立用户账号：

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'master'@'192.168.%.%' identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

查看主服务器的二进制日志内容。

mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |      333 |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show binlog events in 'master-bin.000001';
+-------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name          | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                                                         |
+-------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| master-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc |         1 |         107 | Server ver: 5.5.12-log, Binlog ver: 4                                        |
| master-bin.000001 | 107 | Query       |         1 |         258 | grant replication slave on *.* to 'master'@'192.168.%.%' identified by '123' |
| master-bin.000001 | 258 | Query       |         1 |         333 | flush privileges                                                             |
+-------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)

从服务器的配置

修改/etc/my.cnf

注意修改server-id 号。

连接至主服务器。

mysql> change master to
    -> master_host='192.168.217.11',
    -> master_user='master',
    -> master_password='123',
    -> master_log_file='master-bin.000001',
    -> master_log_pos=333;

启动slave。

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

查看slave的状态。

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.217.11
                  Master_User: master
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 333
               Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 254
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 333
              Relay_Log_Space: 404
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

因为从服务器要求不能执行写操作。

所以在从服务器的/etc/my.cnf 里填了read-only = true;

mysql> show global variables like 'read%';
+----------------------+---------+
| Variable_name        | Value   |
+----------------------+---------+
| read_buffer_size     | 1048576 |
| read_only            | ON      |
| read_rnd_buffer_size | 4194304 |
+----------------------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

测试。

发现成功复制。

另外最好配置主服务器同步二进制日志。

sync-binlog=on 在主服务器上设定。用于事务安全。

MySQL 5.5 semi-sync 半同步复制。

主服务器端：

mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so'
    -> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> show global variables like '%rpl%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_recovery_rank                  | 0     |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled       | OFF   |#未启用
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout       | 10000 |#超时时间
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level   | 32    |#追踪级别
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON    |
+------------------------------------+------

从服务器端：

mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

主服务器端启动：

mysql> set global  rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

从服务器端启动：

mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

从服务器从新启动IO_THREAD

mysql> stop slave IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> start slave IO_THREAD;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global status like '%rpl%';
+----------------------------+-------------+
| Variable_name              | Value       |
+----------------------------+-------------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON          |
| Rpl_status                 | AUTH_MASTER |
+----------------------------+-------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

当然也可以只复制某个库或者某张表。

在slave 的  /etc/my.cnf 下

写上

replicate-do-table=wishrp.sku_map #库名.表名

最好在slave上执行。因为在master上执行会造成二进制日志不全的情况