安卓子线程以及双进程服务守护（测试推送消息）、使用messenger实现组件和service的信息传递

原创 于 2018-06-03 00:12:47 发布 · 482 阅读 · 0 ·
CC 4.0 BY-SA版权
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文章标签：

#service #双进程守护 #messenger

本文介绍了一个Android应用中不同服务间的通信机制，包括使用Messenger进行绑定服务通信、未绑定服务通信及利用Notification推送消息等。通过具体代码示例，展示了如何在主线程与服务之间建立双向通信，并发送消息。

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mainactivity的CODE
package com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;


public class MainActivity extends Activity{
    private Thread thread;
	private Button tb,nbs,bs,end;
	private String title,message,name="新消息";
	private boolean bound=false;
	Messenger messenger=null;
	LocalService myintentService;
	Intent intent,intent1;
	private boolean isinteerupt=true,Beginintentservice=false,Beginservice=false;
	int NOTIFYID_1=1;                          //消息推送码
	final static int isFromtb=1,isFromwithoutBind=0x11; 
	Intent intent2;
    NotificationManager notificationManager;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		notificationManager=     //获取通知管理器
				(NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
		tb=(Button)findViewById(R.id.threadSendMessage);
		nbs=(Button)findViewById(R.id.withoutBindService);
		bs=(Button)findViewById(R.id.withBindService);
		end=(Button)findViewById(R.id.end);
		intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,LocalService.class);
		intent2=new Intent(MainActivity.this,withoutBind.class);
		bindService(intent2,connection,Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
	//开启新线程推送消息的按钮的监听
	tb.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			isinteerupt=!isinteerupt;
			if(isinteerupt)
				{
				tb.setText("子线程推送消息");
				handler.removeCallbacks(runnable);   //停止计时器
				Log.i("提示：","中断线程");
				}
			else
				{
				tb.setText("暂停推送");
				handler.post(runnable);//启动计时器，每两秒执行一次runnable.  
			    Log.i("提示：","开始线程");
			}
		}
	});
		//开启非绑定类服务(黑科技，双进程互相启动)推送消息的按钮的监听
		nbs.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				Beginintentservice=!Beginintentservice;
				if(Beginintentservice) {
					nbs.setText("暂停推送");
				    startService(intent);
				    Log.i("LocalService","start");
				}
				else {
					stopService(intent);
					nbs.setText("开始推送");
				}
			}
		});
		//开启绑定使用messenger的服务推送消息的按钮的监听
		bs.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				Beginservice=!Beginservice;
				if(Beginservice) {
					bs.setText("暂停推送");
					startService(intent2);
					//如果连接服务成功，则绑定到服务
					if(bound)
					{
					Log.i("BindService","Successful");}
					//创建一个message消息并发送给服务端
					 Message msgFromClient = Message.obtain(null, 0x111,0,0);
	                  msgFromClient.replyTo = messenger1;
	                    try {
					messenger.send(msgFromClient);
					}
	                    catch(RemoteException e){
	                    	Log.i("error",e.toString());
	                    }
				}
				else {
					bs.setText("开始推送");
					stopService(intent2);
				}
			}
		});
		//结束按钮的监听
		end.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				finish();
				Log.i("结束activity","finish");
			}
		});
	}

	/*
	 * 重写服务连接以及断开连接方法
	 */
	private ServiceConnection connection=new ServiceConnection() {
		@Override
		public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName classname,IBinder service) {
			messenger=new Messenger(service);
			bound=true;
		}
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
			messenger=null;
        	bound=false;
		}
	};
	/*
	* 创建一个handler对象并重写runnable的run方法，实现，当线程启动时，自动启动消息推送
	*/	
	Handler handler=new Handler();  
	Runnable runnable=new Runnable() {  
	    @Override  
	    public void run() {  
	        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
	    	message="这个消息来自于子线程，APP结束后将会被结束";
			//当线程不没有被中断，重复执行消息推送
			title="线程的推送消息"+NOTIFYID_1;
			Log.i("当前消息数：",String.valueOf(NOTIFYID_1));
			statusBarSend();
	        handler.postDelayed(runnable, 2000);      //自身调用自身，陷入2秒的定时循环
	    }  
	};  	
/*
 * 实现状态栏推送消息的方法
 */
	public void statusBarSend() {
		@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
		Notification.Builder begin=new Notification.Builder(MainActivity.this);
		begin.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
		begin.setContentTitle(title);
		begin.setContentText(message);
		begin.setTicker(name);
		begin.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis()); //发送时间
		Notification notification1 = begin.build();
		notificationManager.notify(NOTIFYID_1, notification1);  // 通过通知管理器发送通知
		NOTIFYID_1++;
	}
	/*
	 * 创建messenger对象来处理由服务端发送的消息
	 * @see android.app.Activity#onDestroy()
	 */
	private Messenger messenger1=new Messenger(new Handler() {
		@SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")
		@Override
		public void handleMessage(Message msgFromwithoutBind) {
			switch(msgFromwithoutBind.what) {
			case isFromwithoutBind:
				Log.i("MainActivity","Message receive");
			}
		}
	});
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		if(thread!=null) {
			thread.interrupt();
			thread=null;
		}
		super.onDestroy();
	}
	
}

withoutBind服务的CODE:
/*
 * 该service是使用messenger类来实现服务以及与之绑定的组件之间的通信，服务端通过messenger来返回Ibinder对象
 * 客户端通过接收IBinder对象来获取服务。同时客户端可以发送message给服务端，服务端接收到对应的message
 * 之后，服务端将会在handleMessage里面处理这些消息
 */

package com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage;
import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;

import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

public class withoutBind extends Service{
	private static final int isFromMainActivity=0x111;
	NotificationManager notificationManager;
	//需要注意的是，内部类若是非静态，那么除非messageQueue消息全部处理完毕，否则将会阻止垃圾回收站回收外部类，
	//当然这个问题只存在于主线程上，若是运行于子线程则没有影响，若要定义为非静态，必须在最后清空messageQueue
	static class MyHandler extends Handler{
        WeakReference<withoutBind> mService;
        public MyHandler(withoutBind service) {
        	mService = new WeakReference<withoutBind>(service);
        }
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
          // withoutBind mainService = mService.get(); //通过mService.get()获取withoutBind的引用(即上下文context)
        	Message msgToClient=Message.obtain(msg); //回复给客户端的消息
        	msgToClient.what=0x11;
           switch(msg.what) {
           case isFromMainActivity:
        	   //TODO
        	   Log.i("withoutBind", "Message receive");
        	   try {
        	   msg.replyTo.send(msgToClient);                   //回复客户端，注意的是，需要在客户端传递过来的message里面添加客户端messenger（该添加操作在客户端实现）

        	   Log.i("reply","successful");
        	   }catch(RemoteException e) {
        		   Log.i("error","reply error");
        	   }
        	   default:
        		  super.handleMessage(msg);
           }
        }
        }
	Messenger messenger=new Messenger(new MyHandler(this));
	@Override
	public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
		Log.i("onBinder","start");
		return messenger.getBinder();
	}
	
}

LocalService的CODE：

package com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage;

import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;


public class LocalService extends Service {

    private MyBinder binder;
    private MyConn conn;
    
    private String title,message,name="新消息";
	int NOTIFYID_1=1;                          //消息推送码
	NotificationManager notificationManager;
   
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i("LocalService", "onBind");
        return binder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i("LocalService", "onCreate");
        binder = new MyBinder();
        if (conn == null) {
            conn = new MyConn();
        }
        this.bindService(new Intent(this, RemoteService.class),
        		conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        start();
    }
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
       // start();
    	Log.i("LocalService", "onStartCommand");
        this.bindService(new Intent(this, RemoteService.class),
        		conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        return START_STICKY;
    }
	//@Override
   // public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {
       // super.onStart(intent, startId);
      //  Log.i("LocalService", "onStart");
       // this.bindService(new Intent(this, RemoteService.class), conn, Context.BIND_IMPORTANT);
       // start();
   // }

    class MyBinder extends ServiceProcess.Stub {

        @Override
        public String getProcessName() throws RemoteException {
            return "LocalService";
        }
    }

    class MyConn implements ServiceConnection {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            Log.i("LocalService", "远程服务启动");
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
            Log.i("LocalService", "远程服务断开");
            LocalService.this.startService(new Intent(LocalService.this,
            		RemoteService.class));
            LocalService.this.bindService(new Intent(LocalService.this, 
            		RemoteService.class), conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
      super.onDestroy();
      unbindService(conn);
    }
    
    
    
    
    
    public void start() {
		handler.post(runnable);//启动计时器，每两秒执行一次runnable.  
	}
	public void end() {
		handler.removeCallbacks(runnable);   //停止计时器
	}
	
	
	Handler handler=new Handler();  
	Runnable runnable=new Runnable() {  
	    @Override  
	    public void run() {  
	        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
	    	message="这个消息来自于未绑定服务，系统不会自动杀死该进程";
			//当线程不没有被中断，重复执行消息推送
			title="不绑定的服务推送消息"+NOTIFYID_1;
			Log.i("当前消息数：",String.valueOf(NOTIFYID_1));
			statusBarSend();
	        handler.postDelayed(runnable, 2000);      //自身调用自身，陷入2秒的定时循环
	    }  
	}; 
	
	/*
	 * 实现状态栏推送消息的方法
	 */
		public void statusBarSend() {
			notificationManager=     //获取通知管理器
					(NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
			@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
			Notification.Builder begin=new Notification.Builder(LocalService.this);
			begin.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
			begin.setContentTitle(title);
			begin.setContentText(message);
			begin.setTicker(name);
			begin.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis()); //发送时间
			Notification notification1 = begin.build();
			notificationManager.notify(NOTIFYID_1, notification1);  // 通过通知管理器发送通知
			NOTIFYID_1++;
		}

    
}

RemoteService的代码：

package com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.util.Log;

public class RemoteService extends Service {

    private MyBinder binder;
    private MyConn conn;

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i("RemoteService", "onBind");
        return binder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i("RemoteService", "onCreate");
        binder = new MyBinder();
        if (conn == null) {
            conn = new MyConn();
            
        }
        this.bindService(new Intent(this, LocalService.class), conn,
        		Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

	@Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags,int startId) {
       // super.onStartCommand(intent, startId);
        Log.i("RemoteService", "onStartCommand");
        this.bindService(new Intent(this, LocalService.class), conn,
        		Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
   return START_STICKY;
	}

    class MyBinder extends ServiceProcess.Stub {

        @Override       
        public String getProcessName() throws RemoteException {
            return "RemoteService";
        }
    }

	class MyConn implements ServiceConnection {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            Log.i("RemoteService", "本地服务启动");
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
            Log.i("RemoteService", "本地服务断开");
            RemoteService.this.startService(new Intent(RemoteService.this,
            		LocalService.class));
            RemoteService.this.bindService(new Intent(RemoteService.this,
            		LocalService.class), conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
      super.onDestroy();
      unbindService(conn);
    }

}

在SRC的资源包目录下创建ServiceProcess.aidl

// ServiceProcess.aidl
package com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface ServiceProcess {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    String getProcessName();
}

编译后会在gen的包里自动生成JAVA文件：

/*
 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.
 * Original file: G:\\安卓\\ServiceToSendStatusBarMessage\\src\\com\\example\\servicetosendstatusbarmessage\\ServiceProcess.aidl
 */
package com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements


public interface ServiceProcess extends android.os.IInterface
{
/** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */
public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess
{
private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess";
/** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */
public Stub()
{
this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);
}
/**
 * Cast an IBinder object into an com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess interface,
 * generating a proxy if needed.
 */
public static com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj)
{
if ((obj==null)) {
return null;
}
android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);
if (((iin!=null)&&(iin instanceof com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess))) {
return ((com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess)iin);
}
return new com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess.Stub.Proxy(obj);
}
@Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
{
return this;
}
@Override public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException
{
java.lang.String descriptor = DESCRIPTOR;
switch (code)
{
case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION:
{
reply.writeString(descriptor);
return true;
}
case TRANSACTION_getProcessName:
{
data.enforceInterface(descriptor);
java.lang.String _result = this.getProcessName();
reply.writeNoException();
reply.writeString(_result);
return true;
}
default:
{
return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
}
}
}
private static class Proxy implements com.example.servicetosendstatusbarmessage.ServiceProcess
{
private android.os.IBinder mRemote;
Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote)
{
mRemote = remote;
}
@Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()
{
return mRemote;
}
public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor()
{
return DESCRIPTOR;
}
@Override public java.lang.String getProcessName() throws android.os.RemoteException
{
android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();
java.lang.String _result;
try {
_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);
mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getProcessName, _data, _reply, 0);
_reply.readException();
_result = _reply.readString();
}
finally {
_reply.recycle();
_data.recycle();
}
return _result;
}
}
static final int TRANSACTION_getProcessName = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);
}
public java.lang.String getProcessName() throws android.os.RemoteException;
}


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