Session变量不能传送到下一页.解决: session.use_trans_sid = 1

本文主要探讨PHP中SESSION变量不能跨页传递的问题。分析了问题产生的原因,如客户端禁用cookie等。介绍了session的存储和工作原理,指出session不一定依赖cookie。还给出了抛开cookie使用session的几种实现途径,并举例说明,最后提醒注意php.ini文件的位置。

附:文摘
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在PHP中使用过SESSION的朋友可能会碰到这么一个问题,SESSION变量不能跨页传递。这令我苦恼了好些日子,最终通过查资料思考并解决了这个问题。我认为,出现这个问题的原因有以下几点:
1、客户端禁用了cookie
2、浏览器出现问题,暂时无法存取cookie
3、php.ini中的session.use_trans_sid = 0或者编译时没有打开--enable-trans-sid选项

为什么会这样呢?下面我解释一下:

Session储存于服务器端(默认以文件方式存储session),根据客户端提供的session id来得到用户的文件,取得变量的值,session id可以使用客户端的Cookie或者Http1.1协议的Query_String(就是访问的URL的“?”后面的部分)来传送给服务器,然后服务器读取Session的目录……。也就是说,session id是取得存储在服务上的session变量的身份证。当代码session_start();运行的时候,就在服务器上产生了一个session文件,随之也产生了与之唯一对应的一个session id,定义session变量以一定形式存储在刚才产生的session文件中。通过session id,可以取出定义的变量。跨页后,为了使用session,你必须又执行session_start();将又会产生一个session文件,与之对应产生相应的session id,用这个session id是取不出前面提到的第一个session文件中的变量的,因为这个session id不是打开它的“钥匙”。如果在session_start();之前加代码session_id($session id);将不产生新的session文件,直接读取与这个id对应的session文件。

PHP中的session在默认情况下是使用客户端的Cookie来保存session id的,所以当客户端的cookie出现问题的时候就会影响session了。必须注意的是:session不一定必须依赖cookie,这也是session相比cookie的高明之处。当客户端的Cookie被禁用或出现问题时,PHP会自动把session id附着在URL中,这样再通过session id就能跨页使用session变量了。但这种附着也是有一定条件的,即“php.ini中的session.use_trans_sid = 1或者编译时打开打开了--enable-trans-sid选项”。

用过论坛的朋友都知道,在进入论坛的时候,往往会提示你检查Cookie是否打开,这是因为大多数论坛都是基于Cookie的,论坛用它来保存用户名、密码等用户信息,方便使用。而且很多朋友都认为Cookie不安全(其实不是这样),往往禁用它。其实在PHP程序中,我们完全可以用SESSION来代替Cookie,它可以不依赖于客户端是否开启Cookie。

所以,我们可以抛开cookie使用session,即假定用户关闭cookie的情况下使用session,其实现途径有以下几种:

1、设置php.ini中的session.use_trans_sid = 1或者编译时打开打开了--enable-trans-sid选项,让PHP自动跨页传递session id。
2、手动通过URL传值、隐藏表单传递session id。
3、用文件、数据库等形式保存session_id,在跨页过程中手动调用。

途径1举例说明:

s1.php

<?php
session_start();
$_SESSION[’var1’]="中华人民共和国";
$url="<a href=".""s2.php">下一页</a>";
echo $url;
?>

s2.php

<?php
session_start();
echo "传递的session变量var1的值为:".$_SESSION[’var1’];
?>

运行以上代码,在客户端cookie正常的情况下,应该可以在得到结果“中华人民共和国”。
现在你手动关闭客户端的cookie,再运行,可能得不到结果了吧。如果得不到结果,再“设置php.ini中的session.use_trans_sid = 1或者编译时打开打开了--enable-trans-sid选项”,又得到结果“中华人民共和国”

 

途径2举例说明:

s1.php

<?php
session_start();
$_SESSION[’var1’]="中华人民共和国";
$sn = session_id();
$url="<a href=".""s2.php?s=".$sn."">下一页</a>";
echo $url;
?>

s2.php

<?php
session_id($_GET[’s’]);
session_start();
echo "传递的session变量var1的值为:".$_SESSION[’var1’];
?>

隐藏表单的方法基本原理同上。

途径3举例说明:

login.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Login</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
</head>
<body>
请登录:
<form name="login" method="post" action="mylogin1.php">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name"><br>
口 令:<input type="password" name="pass"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

mylogin1.php

<?php

$name=$_POST[’name’];
$pass=$_POST[’pass’];
if(!$name || !$pass) {
echo "用户名或密码为空,请<a href="login.html">重新登录</a>";
die();
}
if (!($name=="youngong" && $pass=="123") {
echo "用户名或密码不正确,请<a href="login.html">重新登录</a>";
die();
}
//注册用户
ob_start();
session_start();
$_SESSION[’user’]= $name;
$psid=session_id();
$fp=fopen("e:/tmp/phpsid.txt","w+";
fwrite($fp,$psid);
fclose($fp);
//身份验证成功,进行相关操作
echo "已登录<br>";
echo "<a href="mylogin2.php">下一页</a>";

?>

mylogin2.php

<?php
$fp=fopen("e:/tmp/phpsid.txt","r";
$sid=fread($fp,1024);
fclose($fp);
session_id($sid);
session_start();
if(isset($_SESSION[’user’]) && $_SESSION[’user’]="laogong" {

echo "已登录!";
}
else {
//成功登录进行相关操作
echo "未登录,无权访问";
echo "请<a href="login.html">登录</a>后浏览";
die();
}

?>

同样请关闭cookie测试,用户名:youngong 密码:123 这是通过文件保存session id的,文件是:e: mpphpsid.txt,请根据自己的系统决定文件名或路径。

至于用数据库的方法,我就不举例子了,与文件的方法类似。

总结一下,上面的方法有一个共同点,就是在前一页取得session id,然后想办法传递到下一页,在下一页的session_start();代码之前加代码session_id(传过来的session id);
====================================================================

还有,我的php.ini文件存放在两个地方 1.c:/php4/php.ini     2.c:/winnt/php.ini ,,而我的程序好像只认识 c:/php4/php.ini,对于 winnt 下的php.ini 改动不起作用.!!! 
在不清楚哪一个php.ini起作用的时候最好同时改动两个文件,虽然是麻烦,但能解决问题.

后台线程定期扫描会话状态(如每30秒) 发现SESSION_STOPPING状态会话后调用清理函数,这个你从哪里看到的?还是惯用猜测?我抓取了这些读取stop的地方,你帮我看看哪里可能是在清理》,:~/ipc_platform/platform/nvmp/tp_package$ grep -irn "SESSION_STOPPING" avts/src/streams/http_server/stream_transmit.c:159: if (http_ctx->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/stream_transmit.c:164: http_ctx->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_relay/http_relay.c:592: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_relay/http_relay.c:608: if (pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_relay/http_relay.c:613: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_relay/http_relay.c:615: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:837: if(NULL == pSession || SESSION_STOPPING == pSession->iStatus avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:903: if(NULL == pSession || SESSION_STOPPING == pSession->iStatus avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:967: if(pSession != NULL && HTTPIsOtherConnection(pSession) && pSession->bRTPOverTCP && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:999: && pSession->bRTPOverTCP && pSession->iCurStreamID == type && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1077: if(pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1139: if (pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1144: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1147: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1191: if (pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1196: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:1198: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2022: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2030: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2064: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2072: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2847: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2852: && pSession_https->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2873: if (pSession && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2876: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2878: if (pSession_https && pSession_https->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2881: pSession_https->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2900: if (pSession && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2907: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2911: if (pSession_https && pSession_https->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2916: pSession_https->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2933: if (pSession && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2939: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:2965: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3005: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3098: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3619: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3623: pSession_https->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3647: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3654: pSession_https->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3836: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3845: pSession_https->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3879: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_server_module.c:3888: pSession_https->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_p2p/http_p2p.c:242: if(pSession != NULL && pSession->p2p_connection != NULL && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_p2p/http_p2p.c:430: pServer->pClients[iMatched]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_p2p/http_p2p.c:508: if (pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_p2p/http_p2p.c:512: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/http_server/http_p2p/http_p2p.c:514: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/http_p2p/http_p2p.c:725: pServer->pClients[index]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpserver/httpserver.c:179: pHttpServer->pClients[i]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:464: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:1454: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:1469: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:1494: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:1522: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:1538: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:4987: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.c:4991: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/http_server/httpsession/httpserversession.h:28:#define SESSION_STOPPING 2 avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtspsession/rtspserversession.c:1301: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtspsession/rtspserversession.c:1320: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtspsession/multitrans.c:1498: pServer->pClients[index]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtspsession/multitrans.c:1518: pServer->pClients[index]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtspsession/rtspserversession.h:34:#define SESSION_STOPPING 2 avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/websocket/websocket_client.c:396: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/websocket/websocket_client.c:398: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtspserver/rtspserver.c:107: pRtspServer->pClients[i]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:526: if(NULL == pSession || SESSION_STOPPING == pSession->iStatus avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:590: if(pSession != NULL && RTSPIsOtherConnection(pSession) && pSession->bRTPOverTCP && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:622: && pSession->bRTPOverTCP && pSession->iCurStreamID == type && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:760: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:763: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:809: if (iRet < 0 || pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:812: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:1611: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:1623: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:1633: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2371: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2392: pSession->multitrans_business_type == MULTITRANS_PLAYBACK)&& pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2411: pSession->multitrans_business_type == MULTITRANS_PLAYBACK)&& pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2422: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2446: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2486: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2512: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2532: && pSession->iStatus != SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:2783: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:3306: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:3873: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:4207: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_server_module.c:4232: pSession->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_p2p/rtsp_p2p.c:379: pServer->pClients[iMatched]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING; avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_p2p/rtsp_p2p.c:461: if(pSession->iStatus == SESSION_STOPPING) avts/src/streams/rtsp_server/rtsp_p2p/rtsp_p2p.c:525: pServer->pClients[index]->iStatus = SESSION_STOPPING;
最新发布
12-26
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