SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ

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本文介绍了如何在SpringBoot项目中整合RabbitMQ，包括前期的RabbitMQ服务器配置，以及通过RabbitTemplate实现的五种消费模式：Hello World、Work、Fanout、Route和Topic。详细讲解了每种模式的使用方法和效果。

整合RabbitMQ

使用RabbitTemplate实现五种消费模式

整合RabbitMQ

前期准备

启动RabbitMQ，并且创建好对应的用户及虚拟主机，并把用户和虚拟主机进行绑定

1.新建springboot项目，勾选如下依赖，RabbitMQ找不到的话就搜索

2.编辑application.yml文件

连接rabbitmq，注意：你自己新建的virtrual host以及用户名密码别配错了

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-springboot
  rabbitmq:
    host: 192.168.62.130
    port: 5672
    username: ems
    password: ems
    virtual-host: /ems

使用RabbitTemplate实现五种消费模式

我们在测试类中配置生产者代码，消费者代码在自定义类中编写~

第一种hello world模型使用

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    //hello world
    @Test
    public void HelloWorld() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello","hello world");
    }

@Component
//该消息模式是持久化、非独占、不会自动删除队列的
@RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("hello"))
public class HelloConsumer {
    @RabbitHandler
    public void receivel(String message) {
        System.out.println("message = " + message);
    }
}

当测试类启动时，消费者会对消息进行消费，控制台会打印消费信息，RabbitMQ的界面上会显示队列和交换机信息~！

第二种work模型使用

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    
    //work
    @Test
    public void testWork(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("work","work模型");
    }

@Component
public class WorkConsumer {

    //一个消费者
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("work"))
    public void receivel(String message) {
        System.out.println("message1 = "+message);
    }

    //一个消费者
    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = @Queue("work"))
    public void receive2(String message) {
        System.out.println("message2 = "+message);
    }
}

Fanout 广播模型

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;   

    //fanout
    @Test
    public void testFanout() throws  InterruptedException {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("logs","","广播模式");
    }

@Component
public class FanoutConsumer {
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue, //创建临时队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs",type = "fanout") //绑定交换机类型
    ))
    public void receivel(String message){
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue, //创建临时队列
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs",type = "fanout") //绑定交换机类型
    ))
    public void receivel2(String message){
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);
    }
}

Route 路由模型

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;   

    //route
    @Test
    public void testDirect(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("directs","error","路由模式");
    }

@Component
public class DirectConsumer {

    @RabbitListener(bindings = {
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue(),
                    key = {"info","error"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct", name = "directs")
            )})
    public void receive1(String message){
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = {
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue(),
                    key = {"error"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "direct", name = "directs")
            )})
    public void receive2(String message){
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);
    }
}

Topic 订阅模型(动态路由模型)

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;       

    @Test
    public void testTopic(){
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("topics","user.save.findAll","topic模式的消息");
    }


@Component
public class TopConsumer {

    @RabbitListener(bindings = {
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue,
                    key = {"user.*"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "topic", name = "topics")
            )
    })
    public void receovel(String message){
        System.out.println("message1 = " + message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(bindings = {
            @QueueBinding(
                    value = @Queue,
                    key = {"user.#"},
                    exchange = @Exchange(type = "topic", name = "topics")
            )
    })
    public void receove2(String message){
        System.out.println("message2 = " + message);
    }
}