2022年4月21日：面向初学者的Python--在Python中创建和管理项目（我不会，有困难）

创建虚拟环境：

创建一些目录：

/env

        /bin

        /include

        lib

不要将程序文件放在env目录中。

激活虚拟环境

激活虚拟环境失败。

安装包：

使用pip安装包。pip命令使用Python包索引（简称PyPi）来了解从何处获取包。

文件在 /env/lib/deteutil  。

若要查看哪些包现在已安装 在虚拟环境中，可以运行pip freeze。

PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python> pip freeze
argon2-cffi==21.3.0
argon2-cffi-bindings==21.2.0
asttokens==2.0.5
attrs==21.4.0
backcall==0.2.0
beautifulsoup4==4.10.0
bleach==4.1.0
cffi==1.15.0
colorama==0.4.4
cycler==0.11.0
debugpy==1.5.1
decorator==5.1.1
defusedxml==0.7.1
entrypoints==0.4
executing==0.8.3
fonttools==4.31.2
ipykernel==6.9.2
ipython==8.1.1
ipython-genutils==0.2.0
ipywidgets==7.7.0
jedi==0.18.1
Jinja2==3.0.3
jsonschema==4.4.0
jupyter-client==7.1.2
jupyter-core==4.9.2
jupyterlab-pygments==0.1.2
jupyterlab-widgets==1.1.0
kiwisolver==1.4.0
MarkupSafe==2.1.1
matplotlib==3.5.1
matplotlib-inline==0.1.3
mistune==0.8.4
mysql-connector-python==8.0.28
nbclient==0.5.13
nbconvert==6.4.4
nbformat==5.2.0
nest-asyncio==1.5.4
notebook==6.4.10
numpy==1.22.3
packaging==21.3
pandocfilters==1.5.0
parso==0.8.3
pickleshare==0.7.5
Pillow==9.0.1
prometheus-client==0.13.1
prompt-toolkit==3.0.28
psutil==5.9.0
pure-eval==0.2.2
pycparser==2.21
Pygments==2.11.2
pyparsing==3.0.7
pyrsistent==0.18.1
python-dateutil==2.8.2
pywin32==303
pywinpty==2.0.5
pyzmq==22.3.0
Send2Trash==1.8.0
six==1.16.0
soupsieve==2.3.1
stack-data==0.2.0
terminado==0.13.3
testpath==0.6.0
tornado==6.1
traitlets==5.1.1
wcwidth==0.2.5
webencodings==0.5.1
widgetsnbextension==3.6.0
PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python>

此命令生成终端中已安装包的列表：

python-dateutil==2.8.2
six==1.16.0

若要确保这些包仅存在于虚拟环境中，请尝试通过调用deactivate退出该环境：

安装包的更多方法：

 使用已安装的包：

这个问题搞不清楚。 

我本人不理解，虚拟环境有什么用处。

使用项目文件：

共享项目：

PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python> pip freeze > requirements.txt
PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python>

第2步和第3步，没看懂，不知道怎么做。

使用项目：也不会，试了第三步，看不懂。

PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python> pip install -r requirements.txt
Requirement already satisfied: argon2-cffi==21.3.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 1)) (21.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: argon2-cffi-bindings==21.2.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 2)) (21.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: asttokens==2.0.5 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 3)) (2.0.5)
Requirement already satisfied: attrs==21.4.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 4)) (21.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: backcall==0.2.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 5)) (0.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: beautifulsoup4==4.10.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 6)) (4.10.0)
Requirement already satisfied: bleach==4.1.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 7)) (4.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi==1.15.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 8)) (1.15.0)
Requirement already satisfied: colorama==0.4.4 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 9)) (0.4.4)
Requirement already satisfied: cycler==0.11.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 10)) (0.11.0)
Requirement already satisfied: debugpy==1.5.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 11)) (1.5.1)
Requirement already satisfied: decorator==5.1.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 12)) (5.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: defusedxml==0.7.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 13)) (0.7.1)
Requirement already satisfied: entrypoints==0.4 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 14)) (0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: executing==0.8.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 15)) (0.8.3)
Requirement already satisfied: fonttools==4.31.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 16)) (4.31.2)
Requirement already satisfied: ipykernel==6.9.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 17)) (6.9.2)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython==8.1.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 18)) (8.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: ipython-genutils==0.2.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 19)) (0.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: ipywidgets==7.7.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 20)) (7.7.0)
Requirement already satisfied: jedi==0.18.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 21)) (0.18.1)
Requirement already satisfied: Jinja2==3.0.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 22)) (3.0.3)
Requirement already satisfied: jsonschema==4.4.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 23)) (4.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-client==7.1.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 24)) (7.1.2)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-core==4.9.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 25)) (4.9.2)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyterlab-pygments==0.1.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 26)) (0.1.2)
Requirement already satisfied: jupyterlab-widgets==1.1.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 27)) (1.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: kiwisolver==1.4.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 28)) (1.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe==2.1.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 29)) (2.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: matplotlib==3.5.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 30)) (3.5.1)
Requirement already satisfied: matplotlib-inline==0.1.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 31)) (0.1.3)
Requirement already satisfied: mistune==0.8.4 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 32)) (0.8.4)
Requirement already satisfied: mysql-connector-python==8.0.28 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 33)) (8.0.28)
Requirement already satisfied: nbclient==0.5.13 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 34)) (0.5.13)
Requirement already satisfied: nbconvert==6.4.4 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 35)) (6.4.4)
Requirement already satisfied: nbformat==5.2.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 36)) (5.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: nest-asyncio==1.5.4 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 37)) (1.5.4)
Requirement already satisfied: notebook==6.4.10 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 38)) (6.4.10)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy==1.22.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 39)) (1.22.3)
Requirement already satisfied: packaging==21.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 40)) (21.3)
Requirement already satisfied: pandocfilters==1.5.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 41)) (1.5.0)
Requirement already satisfied: parso==0.8.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 42)) (0.8.3)
Requirement already satisfied: pickleshare==0.7.5 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 43)) (0.7.5)
Requirement already satisfied: Pillow==9.0.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 44)) (9.0.1)
Requirement already satisfied: prometheus-client==0.13.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 45)) (0.13.1)
Requirement already satisfied: prompt-toolkit==3.0.28 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 46)) (3.0.28)
Requirement already satisfied: psutil==5.9.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 47)) (5.9.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pure-eval==0.2.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 48)) (0.2.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser==2.21 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 49)) (2.21)
Requirement already satisfied: Pygments==2.11.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 50)) (2.11.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing==3.0.7 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 51)) (3.0.7)
Requirement already satisfied: pyrsistent==0.18.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 52)) (0.18.1)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil==2.8.2 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 53)) (2.8.2)
Requirement already satisfied: pywin32==303 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 54)) (303)
Requirement already satisfied: pywinpty==2.0.5 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 55)) (2.0.5)
Requirement already satisfied: pyzmq==22.3.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 56)) (22.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: Send2Trash==1.8.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 57)) (1.8.0)
Requirement already satisfied: six==1.16.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 58)) (1.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: soupsieve==2.3.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 59)) (2.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: stack-data==0.2.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 60)) (0.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: terminado==0.13.3 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 61)) (0.13.3)
Requirement already satisfied: testpath==0.6.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 62)) (0.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: tornado==6.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 63)) (6.1)
Requirement already satisfied: traitlets==5.1.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 64)) (5.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth==0.2.5 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 65)) (0.2.5)
Requirement already satisfied: webencodings==0.5.1 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 66)) (0.5.1)
Requirement already satisfied: widgetsnbextension==3.6.0 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 67)) (3.6.0)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=18.5 in c:\users\a-xiaobodou\appdata\local\programs\python\python310\lib\site-packages (from ipython==8.1.1->-r requirements.txt (line 18)) (58.1.0)
Collecting protobuf>=3.0.0
  Downloading protobuf-3.20.0-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl (903 kB)
     ━━━━━━╺━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 143.4/903.8 KB 24.3 kB/s eta 0:00:32
ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 438, in _error_catcher
    yield
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 519, in read
    data = self._fp.read(amt) if not fp_closed else b""
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\cachecontrol\filewrapper.py", line 90, in read
    data = self.__fp.read(amt)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\http\client.py", line 465, in read
    s = self.fp.read(amt)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\socket.py", line 705, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\ssl.py", line 1273, in recv_into
    return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\ssl.py", line 1129, in read
    return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
TimeoutError: The read operation timed out

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\base_command.py", line 167, in exc_logging_wrapper
    status = run_func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\req_command.py", line 205, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\commands\install.py", line 339, in run
    requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\resolver.py", line 94, in resolve
    result = self._result = resolver.resolve(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 481, in resolve
    state = resolution.resolve(requirements, max_rounds=max_rounds)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 373, in resolve
    failure_causes = self._attempt_to_pin_criterion(name)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 213, in _attempt_to_pin_criterion
    criteria = self._get_updated_criteria(candidate)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 204, in _get_updated_criteria
    self._add_to_criteria(criteria, requirement, parent=candidate)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\resolvers.py", line 172, in _add_to_criteria
    if not criterion.candidates:
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\resolvelib\structs.py", line 151, in __bool__
    return bool(self._sequence)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 155, in __bool__
    return any(self)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 143, in <genexpr>
    return (c for c in iterator if id(c) not in self._incompatible_ids)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\found_candidates.py", line 47, in _iter_built
    candidate = func()
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\factory.py", line 215, in _make_candidate_from_link
    self._link_candidate_cache[link] = LinkCandidate(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 288, in __init__
    super().__init__(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 158, in __init__
    self.dist = self._prepare()
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 227, in _prepare
    dist = self._prepare_distribution()
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\resolution\resolvelib\candidates.py", line 299, in _prepare_distribution
    return preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(self._ireq, parallel_builds=True)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 487, in prepare_linked_requirement
    return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 532, in _prepare_linked_requirement
    local_file = unpack_url(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 214, in unpack_url
    file = get_http_url(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\operations\prepare.py", line 94, in get_http_url
    from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\download.py", line 146, in __call__
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\cli\progress_bars.py", line 304, in _rich_progress_bar
    for chunk in iterable:
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_internal\network\utils.py", line 63, in response_chunks
    for chunk in response.raw.stream(
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 576, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 512, in read
    with self._error_catcher():
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\contextlib.py", line 153, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(typ, value, traceback)
  File "C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python310\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\urllib3\response.py", line 443, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
pip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.
PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python>

管理依赖项：

安装最新版本：

升级包

pip install <name of package> --upgrade

暂时没有机会试一试。

应用更新策略

清理未使用的包

PS C:\Users\a-xiaobodou\OneDrive - Microsoft\Projects\Python> pip uninstall -r requirements.txt -y
Found existing installation: argon2-cffi 21.3.0
Uninstalling argon2-cffi-21.3.0:
  Successfully uninstalled argon2-cffi-21.3.0
Found existing installation: argon2-cffi-bindings 21.2.0
Uninstalling argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0:
  Successfully uninstalled argon2-cffi-bindings-21.2.0
Found existing installation: asttokens 2.0.5
Uninstalling asttokens-2.0.5:
  Successfully uninstalled asttokens-2.0.5
Found existing installation: attrs 21.4.0
Uninstalling attrs-21.4.0:
  Successfully uninstalled attrs-21.4.0
Found existing installation: backcall 0.2.0
Uninstalling backcall-0.2.0:
  Successfully uninstalled backcall-0.2.0
Found existing installation: beautifulsoup4 4.10.0
Uninstalling beautifulsoup4-4.10.0:
  Successfully uninstalled beautifulsoup4-4.10.0
Found existing installation: bleach 4.1.0
Uninstalling bleach-4.1.0:
  Successfully uninstalled bleach-4.1.0
Found existing installation: cffi 1.15.0
Uninstalling cffi-1.15.0:
  Successfully uninstalled cffi-1.15.0
Found existing installation: colorama 0.4.4
Uninstalling colorama-0.4.4:
  Successfully uninstalled colorama-0.4.4
Found existing installation: cycler 0.11.0
Uninstalling cycler-0.11.0:
  Successfully uninstalled cycler-0.11.0
Found existing installation: debugpy 1.5.1
Uninstalling debugpy-1.5.1:
  Successfully uninstalled debugpy-1.5.1
Found existing installation: decorator 5.1.1
Uninstalling decorator-5.1.1:
  Successfully uninstalled decorator-5.1.1
Found existing installation: defusedxml 0.7.1
Uninstalling defusedxml-0.7.1:
  Successfully uninstalled defusedxml-0.7.1
Found existing installation: entrypoints 0.4
Uninstalling entrypoints-0.4:
  Successfully uninstalled entrypoints-0.4
Found existing installation: executing 0.8.3
Uninstalling executing-0.8.3:
  Successfully uninstalled executing-0.8.3
Found existing installation: fonttools 4.31.2
Uninstalling fonttools-4.31.2:
  Successfully uninstalled fonttools-4.31.2
Found existing installation: ipykernel 6.9.2
Uninstalling ipykernel-6.9.2:
  Successfully uninstalled ipykernel-6.9.2
Found existing installation: ipython 8.1.1
Uninstalling ipython-8.1.1:
  Successfully uninstalled ipython-8.1.1
Found existing installation: ipython-genutils 0.2.0
Uninstalling ipython-genutils-0.2.0:
  Successfully uninstalled ipython-genutils-0.2.0
Found existing installation: ipywidgets 7.7.0
Uninstalling ipywidgets-7.7.0:
  Successfully uninstalled ipywidgets-7.7.0
Found existing installation: jedi 0.18.1
Uninstalling jedi-0.18.1:
  Successfully uninstalled jedi-0.18.1
Found existing installation: Jinja2 3.0.3
Uninstalling Jinja2-3.0.3:
  Successfully uninstalled Jinja2-3.0.3
Found existing installation: jsonschema 4.4.0
Uninstalling jsonschema-4.4.0:
  Successfully uninstalled jsonschema-4.4.0
Found existing installation: jupyter-client 7.1.2
Uninstalling jupyter-client-7.1.2:
  Successfully uninstalled jupyter-client-7.1.2
Found existing installation: jupyter-core 4.9.2
Uninstalling jupyter-core-4.9.2:
  Successfully uninstalled jupyter-core-4.9.2
Found existing installation: jupyterlab-pygments 0.1.2
Uninstalling jupyterlab-pygments-0.1.2:
  Successfully uninstalled jupyterlab-pygments-0.1.2
Found existing installation: jupyterlab-widgets 1.1.0
Uninstalling jupyterlab-widgets-1.1.0:
  Successfully uninstalled jupyterlab-widgets-1.1.0
Found existing installation: kiwisolver 1.4.0
Uninstalling kiwisolver-1.4.0:
  Successfully uninstalled kiwisolver-1.4.0
Found existing installation: MarkupSafe 2.1.1
Uninstalling MarkupSafe-2.1.1:
  Successfully uninstalled MarkupSafe-2.1.1
Found existing installation: matplotlib 3.5.1
Uninstalling matplotlib-3.5.1:
  Successfully uninstalled matplotlib-3.5.1
Found existing installation: matplotlib-inline 0.1.3
Uninstalling matplotlib-inline-0.1.3:
  Successfully uninstalled matplotlib-inline-0.1.3
Found existing installation: mistune 0.8.4
Uninstalling mistune-0.8.4:
  Successfully uninstalled mistune-0.8.4
Found existing installation: mysql-connector-python 8.0.28
Uninstalling mysql-connector-python-8.0.28:
  Successfully uninstalled mysql-connector-python-8.0.28
Found existing installation: nbclient 0.5.13
Uninstalling nbclient-0.5.13:
  Successfully uninstalled nbclient-0.5.13
Found existing installation: nbconvert 6.4.4
Uninstalling nbconvert-6.4.4:
  Successfully uninstalled nbconvert-6.4.4
Found existing installation: nbformat 5.2.0
Uninstalling nbformat-5.2.0:
  Successfully uninstalled nbformat-5.2.0
Found existing installation: nest-asyncio 1.5.4
Uninstalling nest-asyncio-1.5.4:
  Successfully uninstalled nest-asyncio-1.5.4
Found existing installation: notebook 6.4.10
Uninstalling notebook-6.4.10:
  Successfully uninstalled notebook-6.4.10
Found existing installation: numpy 1.22.3
Uninstalling numpy-1.22.3:
  Successfully uninstalled numpy-1.22.3
Found existing installation: packaging 21.3
Uninstalling packaging-21.3:
  Successfully uninstalled packaging-21.3
Found existing installation: pandocfilters 1.5.0
Uninstalling pandocfilters-1.5.0:
  Successfully uninstalled pandocfilters-1.5.0
Found existing installation: parso 0.8.3
Uninstalling parso-0.8.3:
  Successfully uninstalled parso-0.8.3
Found existing installation: pickleshare 0.7.5
Uninstalling pickleshare-0.7.5:
  Successfully uninstalled pickleshare-0.7.5
Found existing installation: Pillow 9.0.1
Uninstalling Pillow-9.0.1:
  Successfully uninstalled Pillow-9.0.1
Found existing installation: prometheus-client 0.13.1
Uninstalling prometheus-client-0.13.1:
  Successfully uninstalled prometheus-client-0.13.1
Found existing installation: prompt-toolkit 3.0.28
Uninstalling prompt-toolkit-3.0.28:
  Successfully uninstalled prompt-toolkit-3.0.28
Found existing installation: psutil 5.9.0
Uninstalling psutil-5.9.0:
  Successfully uninstalled psutil-5.9.0
Found existing installation: pure-eval 0.2.2
Uninstalling pure-eval-0.2.2:
  Successfully uninstalled pure-eval-0.2.2
Found existing installation: pycparser 2.21
Uninstalling pycparser-2.21:
  Successfully uninstalled pycparser-2.21
Found existing installation: Pygments 2.11.2
Uninstalling Pygments-2.11.2:
  Successfully uninstalled Pygments-2.11.2
Found existing installation: pyparsing 3.0.7
Uninstalling pyparsing-3.0.7:
  Successfully uninstalled pyparsing-3.0.7
Found existing installation: pyrsistent 0.18.1
Uninstalling pyrsistent-0.18.1:
  Successfully uninstalled pyrsistent-0.18.1
Found existing installation: pywin32 303
Uninstalling pywin32-303:
  Successfully uninstalled pywin32-303
Found existing installation: pywinpty 2.0.5
Uninstalling pywinpty-2.0.5:
  Successfully uninstalled pywinpty-2.0.5
Found existing installation: pyzmq 22.3.0
Uninstalling pyzmq-22.3.0:
  Successfully uninstalled pyzmq-22.3.0
Found existing installation: Send2Trash 1.8.0
Uninstalling Send2Trash-1.8.0:
  Successfully uninstalled Send2Trash-1.8.0
Found existing installation: six 1.16.0
Uninstalling six-1.16.0:
  Successfully uninstalled six-1.16.0
Found existing installation: soupsieve 2.3.1
Uninstalling soupsieve-2.3.1:
  Successfully uninstalled soupsieve-2.3.1
Found existing installation: stack-data 0.2.0
Uninstalling stack-data-0.2.0:
  Successfully uninstalled stack-data-0.2.0
Found existing installation: terminado 0.13.3
Uninstalling terminado-0.13.3:
  Successfully uninstalled terminado-0.13.3
Found existing installation: testpath 0.6.0
Uninstalling testpath-0.6.0:
  Successfully uninstalled testpath-0.6.0
Found existing installation: tornado 6.1
Uninstalling tornado-6.1:
  Successfully uninstalled tornado-6.1
Found existing installation: traitlets 5.1.1
Uninstalling traitlets-5.1.1:
  Successfully uninstalled traitlets-5.1.1
Found existing installation: wcwidth 0.2.5
Uninstalling wcwidth-0.2.5:
  Successfully uninstalled wcwidth-0.2.5
Found existing installation: webencodings 0.5.1
Uninstalling webencodings-0.5.1:
  Successfully uninstalled webencodings-0.5.1
Found existing installation: widgetsnbextension 3.6.0
Uninstalling widgetsnbextension-3.6.0:
  Successfully uninstalled widgetsnbextension-3.6.0

上述没看懂。

创建虚拟环境

安装 项目的依赖项

 操作问题，不得不中止。

升级包：

 

3月28日学习遇到困难，不会，不得不中止了，没有完成。