Django3创建模板

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-27 22:06:25 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2022-11-27 22:06:25 发布 · 291 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#django #python

本文详细介绍如何在Django3中搭建并使用模板系统，包括创建模板文件、配置模板路径等步骤，并通过具体实例演示了如何渲染数据到模板。

前提条件

Django3创建项目及应用

进入项目test01目录

1、创建templates文件夹
2、在templates下创建对应应用名称的user文件夹
3、进入templates/user下创建index.html模板文件

<html>
    <head>
        <title>用户列表</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>{{title}}</h1>
        {%for i in list%}
        {{i}}<br>
        {%endfor%}
    </body>
</html>

4、设置查找模板的路径：打开test01/settings.py文件，设置TEMPLATES的DIRS值

"""
Django settings for test01 project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.0.5.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '70)@b^z0+^cdmzdw@m7z2y_g+la!o*eocvn^@qevlb-8^)ol0^'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'user',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'test01.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        # 设置查找模板的路径
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'test01.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/

# LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
# TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

# 本地化
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

编辑user/views.py文件

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template import loader,RequestContext


def index(request):
    # 1.获取模板
    # template = loader.get_template('user/index.html')
    # 2.定义上下文
    # context = RequestContext(request, {'title': '用户列表', 'list': range(10)})
    # 3.渲染模板
    # return HttpResponse(template.render(context))
    # render就是做的以上封装
    return render(request, 'user/index.html', {'title': '用户列表', 'list': range(10)})

def index2(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello Django.")