K8S文件存储之nfs

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 12:37:20 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 12:37:20 发布 · 342 阅读

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原文链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/b860d26f2951

文章标签：

#k8s #运维开发 #容器

本文档详细介绍了如何在Kubernetes集群中设置NFS服务器，包括安装NFS、创建PV、PVC，以及部署使用NFS存储的Pod。通过这些步骤，可以实现跨节点的持久化存储，并在Pod中挂载NFS目录作为应用的数据存储。

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一、安装nfs

#master节点安装nfs
[root@k8s-master nginx]# yum -y install nfs-utils
#创建nfs目录
[root@k8s-master nginx]# mkdir -p /nfs/data/
#修改权限
[root@k8s-master nginx]# chmod -R 777 /nfs/data
#编辑export文件,这个文件就是nfs默认的配置文件
[root@k8s-master nginx]# vim /etc/exports
/nfs/data *(rw,no_root_squash,sync)
#配置生效
[root@k8s-master nginx]# exportfs -r
#查看生效
[root@k8s-master nginx]# exportfs
/nfs/data <world>
#启动rpcbind、nfs服务
[root@k8s-master nginx]# systemctl restart rpcbind && systemctl enable rpcbind
[root@k8s-master nginx]# systemctl restart nfs && systemctl enable nfs
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
#查看 RPC 服务的注册状况
[root@k8s-master nginx]# rpcinfo -p localhost
program vers proto port service
100000 4 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 3 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 2 tcp 111 portmapper
100000 4 udp 111 portmapper

#showmount测试
[root@k8s-master nginx]# showmount -e 192.168.0.66
Export list for 192.168.0.66:
/nfs/data *

二、创建pv

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: nfs-pv
  namespace: default
  labels:
    pv: nfs-pv
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 100Mi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
  storageClassName: nfs
  nfs:  
    server: 192.168.0.66
    path: "/nfs/data/nginx"   #NFS目录，需要该目录在NFS上存在,所以需提前创建nginx目录

然后执行pv命令

[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl apply -f pv.yaml 
persistentvolume/nfs-pv created
[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl get pv
NAME     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS      CLAIM   STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
nfs-pv   100Mi      RWX            Retain           Available                                   7s

三、创建pvc

apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: nfs-pvc
  namespace: default
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 50Mi  #容量
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      pv: nfs-pv   #关联pv 的label,key/value要一致

执行创建命令

[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml 
persistentvolumeclaim/nfs-pvc created
[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl get pvc
NAME      STATUS   VOLUME   CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
nfs-pvc   Bound    nfs-pv   100Mi      RWX 
[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl get pv
NAME     CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM             STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
nfs-pv   100Mi      RWX            Retain           Bound    default/nfs-pvc

四、创建pod并使用pvc存储资源（以nginx为例）

#deploy
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nfs-nginx
  namespace: default
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nfs-nginx
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nfs-nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx-web
        image: nginx:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        volumeMounts:
        - mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
          name: html
      volumes:
      - name: html
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: nfs-pvc
---
#service
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nfs-nginx
  namespace: default
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 80
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 80
    nodePort: 31681
  selector:
    app: nfs-nginx

执行创建pod命令

[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl apply -f nginx.yaml
[root@k8s-master nfs]# kubectl get pods  -o wide
NAME                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP            NODE        NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nfs-nginx-7695b95db6-l74zx   1/1     Running   0          12s   10.244.2.93   k8s-node1   <none>           <none>
nfs-nginx-7695b95db6-qcqp8   1/1     Running   0          12s   10.244.1.22   k8s-node2   <none>           <none>

五、验证nfs服务器上对应得文件内容（自行验证）