Linux进程之间通信消息队列-优快云博客

本文通过实例展示了如何在Linux环境下使用`ipcs -q`查看消息队列，并深入解析了`msgget()`、`msgrcv()`和`msgsnd()`等系统调用，涵盖了消息队列的创建、接收和发送过程。

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使用命令 ipcs -q 查看对应的消息队列

代码

文件接收者

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string>
#include <signal.h>
#include <wait.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <cstring>

#define MAX_TEXT 512 //消息队列缓冲区的大小

struct my_msg_st{
    long int my_msg_type;
    char some_text[BUFSIZ];
};

int main() {
    int running = 1;
    int msgid;
    struct my_msg_st some_data;
    long int msg_to_receive = 2;
    msgid = msgget((key_t)1234,0666|IPC_CREAT);
    if (msgid == -1){
        fprintf(stderr,"msgget failed with error:%d\n",errno);
        exit(1);
    }
    while (running){
//        printf("Enter some text:");
//        some_data.my_msg_type = 1;
        if (msgrcv(msgid,(void *)&some_data,BUFSIZ,msg_to_receive,0) == -1){
            fprintf(stderr,"msgrcv failed with error:%d\n",errno);
            exit(1);
        }
        printf("You wrote:%s",some_data.some_text);
        if (strncmp(some_data.some_text,"end",3)==0){
            running = 0;
        }
    }

    if (msgctl(msgid,IPC_RMID,0)==-1){
        fprintf(stderr,"msgctl(IPC_RMID failed\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    return 0;
}

文件发送者

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string>
#include <signal.h>
#include <wait.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <cstring>

#define MAX_TEXT 512 //消息队列缓冲区的大小

struct my_msg_st{
    long int my_msg_type;
    char some_text[BUFSIZ];
};

int main() {
    int running = 1;
    int msgid;
    struct my_msg_st some_data;
//    long int msg_to_receive = 2;
    char buffer[BUFSIZ];
    msgid = msgget((key_t)1234,0666|IPC_CREAT);
    if (msgid == -1){
        fprintf(stderr,"msgget failed with error:%d\n",errno);
        exit(1);
    }
    while (running){
        printf("Enter some text:");
        some_data.my_msg_type = 1;
        fgets(buffer,BUFSIZ,stdin);
        some_data.my_msg_type = 2;
        strcpy(some_data.some_text,buffer);

        if (msgsnd(msgid,(void *)&some_data,MAX_TEXT,0) == -1){
            fprintf(stderr,"msgsnd failed!\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        if (strncmp(buffer,"end",3)==0){
            running = 0;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}