Python并发迷宫：当代码学会分身术

        想象你经营着一家数字餐厅：

import asyncio

async def chef(order):
    await asyncio.sleep(1)  # 烹饪时间
    return f"{order}做好了"

async def waiter():
    tasks = [chef(n) for n in range(5)]
    return await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

print(asyncio.run(waiter()))  # 同时处理5个订单

        这不是普通的函数调用，而是并发编程的魔法世界。我们将探索三种分身术：线程、进程、协程。

一、线程：共享记忆的双胞胎

        线程陷阱演示：

import threading

counter = 0

def add():
    global counter
    for _ in range(100000):
        counter += 1

threads = [threading.Thread(target=add) for _ in range(10)]
[t.start() for t in threads]
[t.join() for t in threads]

print(counter)  # 可能不是1000000！

        解决方案：

from threading import Lock
lock = Lock()

def safe_add():
    global counter
    for _ in range(100000):
        with lo