Docker：目录挂载、数据卷(补充二)

1. 挂载

-v /app/nghtml:/usr/share/nginx/html
/app/nghtml 是外部主机的地址
/usr/share/nginx/html 是内部容器的地址

这里启动一个nginx，然后在后台运行时其命令为

(base) ➜  ~ docker run -d -p 80:80 -v /app/nghtml:/usr/share/nginx/html --name app01 nginx
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
bb3f2b52e6af: Pull complete
e4bc5c1a6721: Pull complete
e93f7200eab8: Pull complete
1bd52ec2c0cb: Pull complete
411a98463f95: Pull complete
ad5932596f78: Pull complete
df25b2e5edb3: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:fb197595ebe76b9c0c14ab68159fd3c08bd067ec62300583543f0ebda353b5be
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
515b8e2e537707543e227f2115b5cc5496f8bff16fd0eb245000c1e1fe6bcfcb
docker: Error response from daemon: Mounts denied:
The path /app/nghtml is not shared from the host and is not known to Docker.
You can configure shared paths from Docker -> Preferences... -> Resources -> File Sharing.
See https://docs.docker.com/desktop/settings/mac/#file-sharing for more info.

这个地址看到是不允许的 /app/nghtml
我换个地址
(base) ➜  ~ docker run -d -p 80:80 -v /Users/fanzhen/nghtml:/usr/share/nginx/html --name app01 nginx:latest
9c77c3e55bfd0308c6b168ae5c1b2ca74b46b03fb9c4e57bed10f06618676c49

删除刚才启动失败的容器
(base) ➜  ~ docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                             COMMAND                   CREATED         STATUS                    PORTS                  NAMES
515b8e2e5377   nginx                             "/docker-entrypoint.…"   2 minutes ago   Created                                          app01
04eae9666335   nginx:1.26.0                      "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago    Exited (0) 22 hours ago                          nginx001
ab0201efd1e8   nginx:1.26.0                      "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago    Exited (0) 23 hours ago                          naughty_mayer
ca16b2e7880b   nginx:1.26.0                      "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago    Exited (0) 23 hours ago                          nostalgic_montalcini
c7b8cbccf64c   nginx:1.26.0                      "/docker-entrypoint.…"   23 hours ago    Exited (0) 23 hours ago                          zealous_euler
5425400480ac   docker/welcome-to-docker:latest   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   26 hours ago    Up 26 hours               0.0.0.0:8088->80/tcp   welcome-to-docker
(base) ➜  ~ docker rm -f app01
app01


看到返回了403，是因为直接走的外面的(主机)的，主机的nghtml文件夹里面什么也没有，这就需要我们在这个文件夹新建一个index.html文件
(base) ➜  nghtml ls
(base) ➜  nghtml echo 22222>index.html
(base) ➜  nghtml ls
index.html
再次刷新就有结果了

挂载容器与主机的数据是同步的，无论修改那一边数据都会同步到另一方

(base) ➜  nghtml docker exec -it 9c7 bash
root@9c77c3e55bfd:/# ls
bin  boot  dev	docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc	home  lib  media  mnt  opt  proc  root	run  sbin  srv	sys  tmp  usr  var
root@9c77c3e55bfd:/# cd /usr/share/nginx/html
root@9c77c3e55bfd:/usr/share/nginx/html# ls
index.html

2. 卷映射

卷映射语法 -v ngconf:/etc/nginx

ngconf是卷名
/etc/nginx 是容器卷映射的目录


启动一个nginx，/Users/fanzhen/ngconf映射/etc/nginx
(base) ➜   docker run -d -p 99:80 -v ngconf:/etc/nginx --name app03 nginx:latest
aaaa918b51710fc1a62a864da175dd2dbd7f3a1e1fbf49e68e547c3cb9e35c5f