Dockerfile 修改sources.list源

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-06-19 11:17:49 发布 1.2w 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

Debian容器APT换源实战：从临时修改到Dockerfile固化在Linux软件包管理中，APT（Advanced Package Tool）是Debian及其衍生系统（如Ubuntu）的核心工具，负责软件包的安装、更新与依赖解析。其工作原理是通过读取/etc/apt/sources.list配置文件中的软件源地址，获取远程仓库的软件包列表与元数据。对于国内开发者而言，使用默认的海外官方源常因网络延迟导致apt update和apt install速度极慢，严重影响开发与部署效率。因此，将软件源替换为阿里云、清华大学等国内镜像站，是提升容器内软件管理速度的关键技术实践。阅读详情

网上提供的dockerfile大部分都是在ubuntu默认源执行apt-update，此时build过程非常慢，而且打包出来的镜像使用时也会存在慢的情况。
首先从清华源https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/复制list列表，保存为sources.list存放于dockerfile同目录下(/etc/apt/source.list)。

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

因此在apt-get update 之前加入ADD sources.list /etc/apt/

最后重启docker:

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart docker

也可以添加阿里源

阿里源：

#添加阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main universe restricted multiverse