lvs+keepalived高效性配置

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-02-21 01:04:38 发布 375 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

无线数字听诊器设计：从BLE音频传输到临床级信号采集的工程实践在嵌入式系统与物联网应用中，无线音频传输是一项关键技术，它涉及模拟信号采集、数字信号处理和低功耗无线通信等多个核心环节。其基本原理是通过传感器将声音等模拟信号转换为电信号，经过放大、滤波和模数转换后，由微控制器进行编码处理，再通过无线协议传输至终端设备。这项技术的核心价值在于实现了数据的远程、实时、可记录传输，极大地拓展了传统设备的应用边界。在医疗电子、远程监测和智能硬件等领域，它使得设备便携化、数据可视化成为可能，为精准诊断和远程协作提供了技术基础。本文以医疗电子中的典型应用——无线数字听诊器为例，深入剖阅读详情

环境配置

ip类型	ip地址
VIP虚拟的	192.168.149.144
lb主	192.168.149.143
host1IP	192.168.149.140
host2IP	192.168.149.137
lb2从	192.168.149.152

host1配置

[root@host1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@host1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@host1 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@host1 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@host1 ~]# echo "1" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@host1 ~]# ifconfig lo:0 192.168.149.144/32 broadcast 192.168.149.144 up
[root@host1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.149.144 dev lo:0

配置网卡
[root@host1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
OTPROTO=static
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.149.140
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.149.2
DNS1=114.114.114.114
重启网卡
[root@host1 ~]# ifdown ens160;ifup ens160
[root@host1 ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.149.2 dev ens160 proto static metric 100 
192.168.149.0/24 dev ens160 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.149.140 metric 100 

[root@host1 ~]# cd /etc/httpd/
[root@host1 httpd]# cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
> net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore=1
> net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce=2
> EOF
[root@host1 httpd]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2

host2配置

[root@host2 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@host2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@host2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@host2 ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@host2 ~]# echo "2" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@host2 ~]# ifconfig lo:0 192.168.149.144/32 broadcast 192.168.149.144 up
[root@host2 ~]# route add -host 192.168.149.144 dev lo:0

配置网卡
[root@host2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
OTPROTO=static
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.149.137
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.149.2
DNS1=114.114.114.114 
重启网卡
[root@host2 ~]# ifdown ens160;ifup ens160
[root@host2 ~]# ip route
default via 192.168.149.2 dev ens160 proto static metric 100 
192.168.149.0/24 dev ens160 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.149.137 metric 100 

[root@host2 ~]# cd /etc/httpd/
[root@host2 httpd]#  cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
> net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore=1
> net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce=2
> EOF
[root@host2 httpd]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2

调试器配置

主配置
[root@lb ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service 
[root@lb ~]# setenforce 0
[root@lb ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm
[root@lb ~]# dnf -y install keepalived
配置网卡
[root@lb ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR0=192.168.149.143
PREFIX0=24
IPADDR1=192.168.149.144
PREFIX1=24
GATEWAY=192.168.149.2
DNS1=114.114.114.114
重启网卡
[root@lb ~]# ifdown ens160;ifup ens160

添加规则
[root@lb ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.149.144:80 -s rr
[root@lb ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.149.144:80 -r 192.168.149.140:80 -g
[root@lb ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.149.144:80 -r 192.168.149.137:80 -g 
[root@lb ~]# ipvsadm -Sn > /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm
[root@lb ~]# echo "ipvsadm -Sn > /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm" >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@lb ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.149.144:80 rr
  -> 192.168.149.137:80           Route   1      0          0         
  -> 192.168.149.140:80           Route   1      0          0 


从配置
[root@lb2 ~]#  systemctl stop firewalld.service 
[root@lb2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@lb2 ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm
[root@lb2 ~]# dnf -y install keepalived
配置网卡
[root@lb2 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR0=192.168.149.152
PREFIX0=24
IPADDR1=192.168.149.144
PREFIX1=24
GATEWAY=192.168.149.2
DNS1=114.114.114.114
重启网卡
[root@lb2 ~]# ifdown ens160;ifup ens160

添加规则
[root@lb2 ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.149.144:80 -s rr
[root@lb2 ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.149.144:80 -r 192.168.149.140:80 -g
[root@lb2 ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.149.144:80 -r 192.168.149.137:80 -g
[root@lb ~]# ipvsadm -Sn > /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm
[root@lb ~]# echo "ipvsadm -Sn > /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm" >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@lb2 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.149.144:80 rr
  -> 192.168.149.137:80           Route   1      0          0         
  -> 192.168.149.140:80           Route   1      0          0

配置keepalived主配置文件

master配置
[root@lb ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@lb keepalived]# mv keepalived.conf{,-bak}
[root@lb keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id lb01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass xialuo12
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.149.144
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.149.144 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.149.143 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.149.152 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@lb keepalived]# systemctl enable keepalived
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.
[root@lb keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived

slave配置
[root@lb2 ~]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@lb2 keepalived]# mv keepalived.conf{,-bak}
[root@lb2 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass xialuo12
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.149.144
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.149.144 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass xialuo12
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.149.144
    }
}

virtual_server 192.168.149.144 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.149.143 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.149.152 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@lb2 keepalived]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@lb2 keepalived]# systemctl enable keepalived
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/keepalived.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service.

查看vip

主上面
[root@lb keepalived]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:95:2f:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.149.143/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/32 scope global ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe95:2f49/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

从上面
[root@lb2 keepalived]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:ec:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.149.152/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb4:ec0b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

让keepalived监控监控LVS的LB

在lb(主)上编写脚本

[root@lb ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@lb ~]# vim /scripts/notify.sh 
#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
    master)
            ipvsadm -R < /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm
 ;;     
 backup)
            ipvsadm -C
 ;;     
 *)     
        echo "Usage:$0 master|backup"
 ;;     
esac    
[root@lb ~]# chmod +x /scripts/notify.sh

在lb2(从)上面写脚本

[root@lb2 ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@lb2 ~]# vim /scripts/notify.sh 
#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
 master)
            ipvsadm -R < /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm
 ;;     
 backup)
            ipvsadm -C
 ;;     
 *)     
        echo "Usage:$0 master|backup"
 ;;     
esac   
[root@lb2 ~]# chmod +x /scripts/notify.sh

配置keepalived加入故障转移脚本

配置主keepalived

[root@lb ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id lb01
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass xialuo12
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.149.144
    }
    notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master"
    notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup"
}

virtual_server 192.168.149.144 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.149.143 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.149.152 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@lb ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
[root@lb ~]# systemctl enable keepalived

配置从keepalived

[root@lb2 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass xialuo12
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.149.144
    }
    notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master"
    notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup"
}

virtual_server 192.168.149.144 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.149.143 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

    real_server 192.168.149.152 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@lb2 ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
[root@lb2 ~]# systemctl enable keepalived

测试
模拟主宕机

[root@lb ~]# poweroff

从机查看IP

[root@lb2 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:ec:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.149.152/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/32 scope global ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb4:ec0b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
       
[root@host2 ~]# curl 192.168.149.144
2
[root@host1 ~]# curl 192.168.149.144
1

在这里插入图片描述

当lb重新启动时

[root@lb ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:95:2f:49 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.149.143/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/32 scope global ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe95:2f49/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@lb2 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:ec:0b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.149.152/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.149.144/24 brd 192.168.149.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute ens160
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb4:ec0b/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever