第11章 Tkinter 概述

python自带的GUI（Graphics User Interface）库是tkinter，其它可选的其它GUI库有：

1. PyGObject 支持GTK+3 图形界面工具集
2. PyQt 支持Qt库，可跨Unix，Windows，Mac OS X平台使用
3. wxPython 可跨Unix，Windows，Mac OS X平台使用，根据平台显示对应的风格

# tkinter库中的类

类	继承的父类
Tk	Wm， Misc
Topleve	Wm， BaseWidget
BaseWidget	Wm
Widget	BaseWidget，Pack，Place，Grid

创建组件

所有组件均由Widget类派生，创建组件时，需要指定组件所属容器

分类	组件名称	说明
容器	Toplevel	顶层
	Frame	容器
	LabelFrame	可加标题的容器
	PanedWindow	分区容器
菜单	Menu
	Menubutton	下拉式、层叠式菜单
	OptionMenu	通过按钮打开菜单
选择器	Radiobutton	单选钮
	Checkbutton	复选框
	Spinbox	微调选择器，通过箭头选择值
框	Entry	单行输入框
	Text	多行文本框
	Listbox	列表框
	Message	消息框，类似多行文本的标签
其它	Label	标签，显示不可编辑的文本或图标
	Button	按钮
	Canvas	画布，提供绘图功能

from tkinter import *            #加载tkinter中所有类
root = Tk()                      #创建窗口对象
root.title('窗口标题')            #设置标题
a = Label(root, text='Hello')    #创建组件，指定容器root
a.pack()                         #布局组件
root.mainloop()                  #启动主窗口

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-uBLy4t2b-1639961833232)(data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAARcAAABJCAYAAAAXIGLnAAAWQ0lEQVR4Ae1dC3gURbo9PTN5AwYBARNAw9OgIAECREBEHh8rutdHBMUHyuq9GAVE3iggLgYWFBERV6+KLCgaFF1AeXgB3VUksCEqohIJiSSQCIEACuQ1c7+/uqunp6d7pidDYJJUf1/S3VV//XXqTNfpv6pfksvlckGz9OzZU7MnNgUDggHBgG8GioqKUFlZiYLCIx6GDr5HotKoUSPMmzcPiYmJiI+P51liLRgQDAgGTBmoqqrCoZJStBkyHGXf70HR0SJmK1HkQsIyatQopKamYkP2cVMnIkMwIBgQDJgxkNK3I348Uoy0AclMYFjkQhELCcvG7BJIkMzKinTBgGBAMGDKwM5/H0CnlHaI7D+Y2Ug9evRw0VAor7KFaSGRIRgQDAgGrDLQrEdbPNa1HVjkQnMs+d+ftFpW2AkGBAOCAVMGKiHB4XDI4tK0aVNIUqmpscgQDAgGBANWGah0utCiRQtZXCIjI2GTxFyLVfKEnWBAMGDOQIVyc4t6KVpoizlZIkcwIBiwzoCBuNislxaWggHBgGDAhIEKlzwKEopiQpBIFgwIBoJjQB0WBedGlK7rDJwuPYGc/T/g1MnQvKp4WePGaJ/YGY1iL2c/RW3DKx0/gv9bvgRHfvwhJA+lK6/pjJvHjoer6ZWW8QlxsUxV/Tbct2cP7rp1ADq0TwhJIg7k5GLt+h1IGTSE4atteNfNmY60SY8ipc/skOT36517sWzOdPzXK+9YxqeKS01cLfpm+0b8mP01Gl7WDHc9PMEyKGEYegyUl5cxYSk4/kfogQMYtvLyzepVz9qG9/cTJejTqyv+2J8dkvwStgUnSlR+fYGscMqXi1Rx8WVcnbyqykpIVWcQ1+tenPppS3VciDIhxIAkSaDn55XjJoSQyVAIG2HkS23DS7hdVU44q6pYEzRNATTvLaBNnufU/Bi85ZJN/p3ICU9jvtWXH0hwKQ5tNglQJl8hKZWwChgEz3qrnEqi9dUFF5dNa1fAde4YunTvgcwT7dHodCka2u3WEQnLkGTAfaBqjvQQQ+rGqO1Y1vBu/2wjvt+zu9otuq5HT9w07JaAymvxUkFnVSVclZXMhxdqbuyS+/zGn4uwKafYo76b2jTG8GtaIszhYELL9WTjgSJsOqCzvaoxbu10JbP1cKLb4TgIW6DLBRWXvd9sR873O3HH/8zCj3m/A/gdrtOH0C7x+kBxCftQY4AiF+oAHufD0AHJOgE/pROsAPGSsHzw3vJqN+jue8bixmHDLZf3wssilyo4KytkH7xXU7oENbCgTHoFEwmLHi9hOHu+DHckxiEizME4+DTnN2zJPW5om3xFFJrHXsaGOly7WOXaHQWHS4moLDcQkO/QpQLakDIQB9yWGrxl7VuYMHM+Xt9ahIgzP0O6rANOHtqNa+5NDcp/8Uf3YPKrwKh33sPQOF6jwTpzNh6Y8b5BhnHSTc//hIeS3XmsnvyxWPlkfwD52Dx+KFabTt6PwKTPn0UXM7tbXsckPIpFG93+tVvtH9uMZ+5oo00K6W1+fGiO+ZDC66Ln+SX5j4BVB6/uvWkBt6+yqhJ2u/XztRYvVeasrISzXBYXPlphILTqwiIX41+BxIYExuU6jNs6NMeOw6fxef5JL2HhDTt15gyaxETBYbOppwzZs6wu7gGUjI3KcV65D6O11010RkaBpO3P/ga9+t6ANV8dR0zVMZw9fxqR5TthC3cgPCLSmis/4rD6wU5Y7eWpm050eKf3MtQkfIm3Bz2q2TfabIOhS37CUKMsgzStUMkiBXR58iesfJKMSaimAVP8iKOB39BKooNOe1oLLXR6NNRRAnmFSLDiUlFWDkd0mB6G4T6JodFSxYcfMnhmQpZcTmjbycc7Bg64wFRVHcF/SipMhYWK0ryoq6ISThIXBQ6vh7vmUzF8P5C1dZn14/Wfq17FmMcnYv/uChR//Q6a9BmPcEcpGtjP+Smpy+48AwuXPIDmAFgn/WKYuq9GE+A2JBLVD2V5zd8t7qSJMB7FAxRt3PK6EsFwK9/r7TM6YbvWRDv8LvwCmT90wJ99RV3asmL7kjDgdLonLe+9/wm/GN79x1IPG1UYPFJrZqdfyxgWpeiHRlQbFxijPMqn6ObaRkBkWJilSKS6Lbgg4lJ64hhmzF+KzbuLcGTbDFzRdzwkRxiO7nkf0xausI4t+VmsjFuJ5wZ1Qg6Vog4+pQ2KC1fiuQc/QzINiyiaoAhnUCfmlyIGn0MlC7XzCIOJDAITFe7eKHIBw/283BYAiwbxIZuV6Ip7FuuLxYA+chl8x52wm1yM2JTxAZv7uFjYtPXQ0GRYwuUoq6jwKTDaMnybC0tys0g0aRBjEj9x6+DWqriwy1LV9LVrx6cosHeB48xBXNa8HaSwGOap/9DbEYjfb1/siIUbuuG+f/yM2Zqz/G8vDgXStmBYKyV26z0Xq7bNZcONTU90wgNfv4FVE/urETtdjvP9XIMSLEsSbKrhl8iiiGU4pUko/nAknlq21zcjw6neNuwH8opcmB8qPgKTt81FV9XTl3hr4Ofwj1EtEBIbdEAfO3EKB3Ll96P6A/XT7n/j8IH9/sxM81t1SESnnn1N8/UZ0bYW7CzMjzfCe/zEafxsES/500YutH/ybBUiIsP1Van7evucvCOIjjmj5vvaiNLhJdvj+7/FoY+8B/5Gfmj4co3TiZPh8aYCoy9HwtLqRC6uyMvD2cgwFDjs6nBIb6vfvzo8giVxfvX52v1yZWyliouViRqtA+12zr49cHbsDOehTETE92JZ0bYypAy6LaCw6/qnDmB132cw6v6OWKWtgG0PwX3LvBIxcP4BrJardIsLTex5m2pSlFw2ASgnF699Fdtoc8MjuG9DN9y/6n2svstdpHjtCEzMT8Pqp2iy13MZ9soBDPNMkvcK89iauP3uhQ5Y12Yr5twl101pvjEaOaw9aSQsZmG5lVZQRwhEXLjPYI5jvVhEREYhOqYhd+211tt7GVhIqC5eOnbCbDb0LiuA87SLCcyyl+mEa7ykjZuF+BO5SDh1CE0jw9AgAGHRerSCt1IZXariYpPUU7jWl6VtG1xwSkDJ0Tw0a5/KypzL2Ygwx42WynsY0cxS56exeNlo0Is3sxe1wwK8ifcm6X3l47O0m1Eo2UD3ArFFmZWSKM3DqX6HRy68bD6yd3TEA49LWJmXhsVXLcOTa/6FP/XbinumAlN3/BUtmG8JtsxZahpdYGf4Nuj9y/s3P/40m1AkPLQwXExU6KqGP4zGPmtTKn1uIpiFbiizmQxLzPwGcxyfOWMt6uB1B2rPy2nXweClw/77Bq1xMLo1lr40xyvy0tZD+U9MmAOHTUJcWYF6ItbaWNm2gveCRS4upxPlFeWIDSvDH7HNqQehoVSKw0cPBhS1qA2jTkzDFUnCt4vaYgHruGNwj64DD/rbNsQxU+qoSmlVXPxHBayIErkUr52MlQlpWCIdwEoJaJmagTVMOMYAt76JbpKEYipA9fUejEEYg/9kzkO3XkC3yQexZrJS/66nMXJlOyxZNppNSKNwBWa9olwelYDWra+CJOUpguMfo8pJLd0oLQ3u7YYVFWWIsEcH1HorZ1Yzh4FGIoHaG9UbDN49Ua2QHd0KS16c5VNYeL1kN37iXISdkpBSXsAiH951uI2/tRW8lV7DIt+netM6t3+agb439MKu7M/QMK4LKCJynjyIoXfej2oFQ6y1v2B9Wlt8nvAmloxbhvEvd8T0f/0V1yMfn44diHcS3sQjfYBPVyodnmNXmKJ6LZFGYmEDivI7YvqUAUDGMllAmL8d2LM+CQ+uGSC3gxwy+wG4dVwSxq9cgVv7KNHVwrbY3e8gHuGV8voVXNLRFfhwPYCr8yH1kam0jNGU+YufQdodyDNo584FeKVQ1yQ6cVmtj59gtMccw6uGtTrnBrv0/R3t8tXH72l3vbb19jQfYWVOghzxTqrFS+l2ZW6D3dqi1Eh9lR9abMsFZIa3xN6Ilnhx4UzocVCxiZPnsTzFhboie8qTfrejb1URExg1k+Pycalbj1dblm+XK+WDHhYldu2FtxY/jePHSxDXvQMaOI/j5K9Z6Jf2GKyEUByQumYstsefXzuE/wZQVNAWGXcfwut92yIdwOBFh5DRm6zzGeHyUEMprfwC/occyk1DypAqacrzzIE8VUlDJRuKPliGz68djqXx8vBF1gk578qU4ejw8gbsLXwYt8Tn42guIPVXhjn7nsP4fs8BSMLoNR9i3pq3MXPkXBy47W3MyBuIEf3k9CT30aI2vS5t0ITsUwqv1WlX4xbWH+3X+q/WMac40HbSRQuma90abmvtDQ0sJFYHL4lNVkRLEEaj6GnS1HS0Ks1nImLUDkojm2t/K0DTyHB35H+B8HrdRMeV1IJ/D5O4Nm3Rs98wvLl4NmIabcc5h4SpC96AI8zazUQezmhHOQUVZdyJJ5ZkKdn3YuZXeUxs9i64CqmTkvDQ+4tlNddMyvKy1BZLfVdbltUtVydJO/DPl7Mw+IWP0JI7UoVLAlo9jNTb5mLtzl8x/O5DKNwHbJ00E8kvSMC1s7D07w+jJbbj7zdcjVTI2Lsx13lYO+otzBwxE3FfPQ85TWliHVslJvdD2y7dcepkCcrOnQ24dRFR0aaXgX05q+5xTD6NOqqvui5E3oXGO2X6ArQ+lY+2v/8Kuw1MRP6WPtUQ6tnKKjjhgt1ab2E+rOD1Eher4ZwRyvir27Fr/gf37cbsJasQHdPAyMxaGnXifXMxb5/W/F3Mu+FdTUIW3h4hT/AO0V5OZgKgt9UU0216lIUS8tNl6Iyl2HrdbCxLcV/SZuG5JuztPuBezHt7G4rb5Mi2D+UgbeK7wHWzWWhsw0CM3ZmPsbo60XoM0nfqE0N/nzSfDiwbHbEWF7ra0rhJM1Q5PYcbVorbbXaEhUdYro+waYdBHK/dfa+B32qDFReqy2p9erwETrLb4YiWb+MwB0vPNMtnOj3eaTMX4qo/CtGx8hiaXR6Lq21n8PX5oyDBmT+PTwy6PdsioxAWHQ27ckJ353hvETZarOhEhffVIuXU7O3Xb8r1yv0If5k4B116pPi192lADb1uDpa/QWd/X0se1j/SH4fZ5K9ix0gahVnfpCPJV1Fsx6u9H1Qmjt2GbHguSYgbuQ4fj6R02Y6/MGLI4oHuK1Mp8/FxCpC14HaMmT0fcfHAx9/MR9aC1kjr86zbqdnW7e/g46k3meWGXDp1BopGI6OiAsQWxIkmgJoIGxM/paNwvBEW8SZ07grqnNVdmsW3RkRkJKzW5wiTn1zWzinRfEuYcmLmAkJ4JLoHX5kkpX3a7Hb+pBfehLLfkCidRvOmTdEgXPY/sKoCtvPHDW1jGjZEeIMoeV6L+ycZUB9s4onuuSAtXjOuvMSF5imCXW4cege7xBqUn5QF+MSSPiXgtv8t8KyKyu7yTDLeuxlpu3RlAVw58hN84lFAtkvzSPPc6T7tE3TXJHWfVoBPpmkS6sgmDTTpQ1eREfLNVKHWLMJGGPlxHCjeXoP+hK43DEBpyTGcPxf4C7Eio2IQHR1jmR89XuLTHhmJsAb8vhr9yZ53dNb7MSDaia5ni3CmvAIup4tFbRENHIiNaobosDB1IpwmJ4bEVKHH+aP4o7wC9IQDnUTJtkl0E4STKLMfk/vXPsjkxkDYaOH8sh2Tf/wGBHVCl+4YDWZp3PQKdtdpsH6CwSDK1hwD9Ls67HaEh5vfsVpztfv3TNgIIz/+qoPXbrexzladiVp6TCAsIsLyU9F6vNRCR1QMwnzctKdlgUQjsoELLVzyq5+o98pDLe/5RvrFoho1YlMXJCG+bOU6uBa4BYew0cL51WLRb1forxYRsGCWcc+8IP+4QfoJBoMoW3MMsCGH3YYwek9ICC40F8Q7F8GrDl5qG30g8GIserxUpyMq2j3nwt6spyDxHBVpXu6i6bNKh6bu5x5SKeLAFIXb6p3JdXBJ4uJDqW5pkbFRmhWd8L7PhdettCfQVc++NwdaRNjXIgaioqJxpKAQCa3iQxJ14eECEEZ+bqtteBs2uwL7Dh7B9UNvD0l+s/flgDByfn2BNBCXINXFV20ir9YzkNS7N9Zv+hLnz58PybZQxJHUu496Zq1teG+Z8gyWps8Bvag7FJcGlzfB8OlzVH59YaxUJoSlHj16uHbv3o1N2Z7v2PRVWOQJBgQDggEzBl6SolHyl4EX7jWXZhWJdMGAYKB+MVClTNaos3NWJmrqF0WitYIBwUB1GOBfPHHs2bPHb/lebULz8qNf4MJAMCAYqBEGduWXm/qlyIV0Jfg750yrEBmCAcFAfWZAiEt9/vVF2wUDNciAEJcaJFe4FgzUZwaEuNTnX1+0XTBQgwwIcalBcoVrwUB9ZkCIS33+9UXbBQM1yIAqLvTMgNFfDdYtXNdiBrZOiEXskOXIVdqg36/FTRPQLTJgpBfaZ4/c4sIfxdatLdYjzEKYgdzlQxAbOwFbDTFuxYTYWAxZzmXC0EgkCga8GKCnEY3+uKHPO3TZXbw+3gTOnYi1YEAwUP8Y8HdXv1tcDLghVXJ/mtvAQCQJBgQD9ZYBf+9RcA+L2AuO5Q94kSLxv3rLXH1veO5yDImNRSz/08yvWKZG7yM2FhOMx2aWXQrD0GGAa4R+zRGq4kJvuTT644ZiXY8Y2DoBsUnrcHtWKeiriaWlWUjHdCQFIjDMx3QkZnAfpSjNSsf+VDG/U1eOJCO90L4t1y0uymcz+Ffj+LquECHasQKpPArxWKdihQc5uVi+cAVGZ2zB2ASekYCxr6UjOXMdNlua992KCakrkJyehZcGcx8AEsbitfRkZE5/2WRyWWMrNkOeAa4R+jUH7p5z8TeA4iXEupYyMBoZpS9B29flhtDVolTs563K3Yx1mUBmaqxOdGSDxIMkEtzYZJ37C/OX2M7bMKFdIoD9+CUXGOydbeJQJIciA9rLzkb4VHGx8mEkIwcirW4yMDqj1DPqqJvNFK0KggF/miGGRUGQWyeLJrQDiy0otKju4sNH7i8UIyXCIKipbm2i3CViQD8c4vscjioudpsEoz9uKNb1hYHBGMfmRZI8r+zQlR/Ll3pMfGydgKTpmRidYTQ8qy/81p12GukFpfHFPSxSZYZniXV9ZSBh7BZkYQiStPMuyenI2uI9Y2PGEfkobTcBsVofSEZ6VqlmotistEivDQz4+2w4yYzL5XLhu19PG7anqLQM4jWXhtSIRMFAvWWAXnPZItb4077jSiR8kdTI/fZ/f5Mz9ZZF0XDBgGDAkAF/mqEZFiljJT5k0n7L0dC1SBQMCAbqMwPa+RVPHmTxUMXFpsy5qJrCRcazlNgTDAgGBAOMAb1m6CXDLS7+7ogRhAoGBAOCAQ0DNlPN0EUupnYaZ2JTMCAYEAxwBvxphhq5lPNP0/OSYi0YEAwIBnww4E8zVHE5XHLO1I2vr6uZFhIZggHBQJ1mwEwziiX5a4zi1rk6/fOLxgkGLh0DQlwuHfeiZsFAnWZAiEud/nlF4wQDl44BIS6XjntRs2CgTjMgxKVO/7yicYKBS8eAEJdLx72oWTBQpxlgl6KvyS6s040UjRMMCAYuPgP0OID6ONHFr17UKBgQDNRVBv4f2i8XGOKIrboAAAAASUVORK5CYII=)]

布局组件

pack

默认值：fill = NONE，expand = 0，side = TOP，anchor = CENTER

关键字	作用	值
padx, pady	与其它组件在X Y方向上的间距	pixel
ipadx, ipady	组件内部，在X Y方向上的留白	pixel
fill	组件在X Y方向上填充容器	NONE, X, Y, BOTH
expand	组件是否随容器拉伸	bool值
side	组件在容器的哪一侧（黑色区域）	TOP BOTTOM LEFT RIGHT
anchor	组件在容器一侧中的定位（灰色区域）	CENTER N E S W NW NE SW SE

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-cjJ2jMYf-1639961833233)(data:image/png;base64,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)]

grid

按照行、列的方式排列组件，自动设置网格大小

批量创建同类型组件时，可以通过整除确定行号（商）、列号（余数）

关键字	作用	值
padx, pady	在X Y方向上的外间距	pixel
ipadx, ipady	在X Y方向上的内间距	pixel
row, column	行号、列号	N
rowspan, columnspan	横跨行数、横跨列数	N
sticky	内容在风格中的定位	CENTER N E S W NW NE SW SE

L = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,'+','-','=']
win = Tk()
for i in range(len(L)):  Label(win, text=L[i]).grid(row=i//3, column=i%3)
win.mainloop()

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-hIwQ2nRx-1639961833234)(data:image/png;base64,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