Linux下硬盘格式化的相关命令Partprobe

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-21 09:39:41 发布

ASX20042005

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-21 09:39:41 发布

阅读量1.4k

点赞数

分类专栏： shell 文章标签： linux disk command table 磁盘 action

shell 专栏收录该内容

26 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了如何使用fdisk命令对硬盘进行分区，并利用mkfs命令将分区格式化为Linux文件系统的过程。包括从分区创建、调整大小到文件系统创建的整个流程，以及在遇到分区表未更新问题时，通过partprobe命令解决的方法。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

这几天格式化硬盘，记录一下用到的命令：

[root@db ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 253981.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 2089.0 GB, 2089072092672 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 253981 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1      124495 1000006056   83 Linux

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (124496-253981, default 124496):
Using default value 124496
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (124496-253981, default 253981):
Using default value 253981

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 2089.0 GB, 2089072092672 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 253981 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1               1      124495 1000006056   83 Linux
/dev/sdb2          124496      253981 1040096295   83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.

此时，分区里看不到新建的磁盘分区，提示通过重启才可以重用分区表，此时可以通过partprobe探测硬盘：

[root@db ~]# ls -al /dev/sdb*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 25 04:40 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 29 22:07 /dev/sdb1
[root@db ~]# partprobe
[root@db ~]# ls -al /dev/sdb*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 25 04:40 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 29 22:07 /dev/sdb1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 18 Jul 2 22:37 /dev/sdb2

分区容量：

[root@db ~]# mkfs /dev/sdb2
mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
130023424 inodes, 260024073 blocks
13001203 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
7936 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
        102400000, 214990848

Writing inode tables: 4076/7936
.done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
.done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

此时可以正常使用该磁盘分区了。
[root@db ~]# sfdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 253981 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track
Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0

   Device Boot Start     End   #cyls    #blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1          0+ 124494 124495- 1000006056   83 Linux
/dev/sdb2     124495 253980 129486 1040096295   83 Linux
/dev/sdb3          0       -       0          0    0 Empty
/dev/sdb4          0       -       0          0    0 Empty