Linux安装Mysql(丰富图文)

[root@localhost /]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64

[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep mysql

[root@localhost /]#

2、查询所有Mysql对应的文件夹

[root@localhost /]# whereis mysql

mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/include/mysql

[root@localhost lib]# find / -name mysql

/data/mysql

/data/mysql/mysql

删除相关目录或文件

[root@localhost /]# rm -rf /usr/bin/mysql /usr/include/mysql /data/mysql /data/mysql/mysql

验证是否删除完毕

[root@localhost /]# whereis mysql

mysql:

[root@localhost /]# find / -name mysql

[root@localhost /]#

3、检查mysql用户组和用户是否存在，如果没有，则创建

[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql

[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql

[root@localhost /]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost /]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost /]#

4、Mysql官网下载

（1）、Mysql5.7版本

命令下载：

[root@localhost /]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

选择对应版本

（2）、最新版本Mysql8.0.2

（3）、下载的安装包

二、Mysql安装步骤

===========

1、上传安装包

• 解压安装包mysql-5.7.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

• 移动该文件到/usr/local/下

• 将文件夹名称修改为mysql

• 注意：如果不移动到上述位置，后面初始化会报错：No such file or directory Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn’t find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mys

2、在**/usr/local/mysql**目录下创建data目录

3、更改mysql目录下所有所属的用户组和用户，以及权限

[root@localhost /]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost /]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost /]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost /]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql

4、编译安装并初始化mysql，初始化输出日志末尾为临时登录密码

[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin

[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

5、常见错误

[root@localhost bin]# rpm -qa|grep libaio

[root@localhost bin]#

[root@localhost bin]# yum install libaio-devel.x86_64

[root@localhost bin]# yum -y install numactl

6、编辑配置文件my.cnf

vim /etc/my.cnf

配置替换为

[mysqld]

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

port = 3306

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

symbolic-links=0

max_connections=400

innodb_file_per_table=1

#表名大小写不明感，敏感为

lower_case_table_names=1

7、启动服务器

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -u root -p

-bash: mysql: command not found

[root@localhost bin]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

Starting MySQL SUCCESS!

[root@localhost bin]# 2020-06-16T07:21:48.372671Z mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists

^C

[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

[root@localhost bin]# service mysql restart

Shutting down MySQL… SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

8、常见问题

（1）Starting MySQL… ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file

#查询服务

ps -ef|grep mysql

ps -ef|grep mysqld

#结束进程

kill -9 PID

#启动服务

/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

（2） mysqld_safe error: log-error set to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’

[root@localhost bin]# /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start

Starting MySQL.2020-06-10T08:44:02.315128Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’, however file don’t exists. Create writable for user ‘mysql’.

ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).

严格按照步骤6即可解决。

（3）Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysql.service Failed to restart mysql.

使用如下命令操作mysql即可：

systemctl restart mysqld.service

systemctl start mysqld.service

systemctl stop mysqld.service

9、添加软连接，并重启mysql服务

[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost bin]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

[root@localhost bin]# service mysql restart

10、登录mysql，修改密码(密码为步骤4生成的临时密码)

[root@localhost /]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

mysql>set password for root@localhost = password(‘mypass’);

11、开放远程连接

mysql>use mysql;

msyql>update user set user.Host=‘%’ where user.User=‘root’;

mysql>flush privileges;

12、设置开机自动启动

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;

Bye

1、将服务文件拷贝到init.d下，并重命名为mysql

[root@localhost bin]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

2、赋予可执行权限

[root@localhost bin]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

3、添加服务

[root@localhost bin]# chkconfig --add mysqld

4、显示服务列表

[root@localhost bin]# chkconfig --list

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native

  systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native

  systemd configuration.

  If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.

  To see services enabled on particular target use

  'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off

network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

13、登录Mysql