Ubuntu16(5)

在Ubuntu16.04上安装OpenCV3.4

在这篇文章中，我们将一步步的完成OpenCV3(C++ 和 Python)在Ubuntu上的环境搭建。
( Python环境依托于Virtual Env来管理 ，方便你分隔不同的Python环境)

1. 更新Ubuntu软件包

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

2. 安装系统所需库

# 移除之前的 x264的安装
sudo apt-get remove x264 libx264-dev

# 安装所需依赖
sudo apt-get install build-essential checkinstall cmake pkg-config yasm
sudo apt-get install git gfortran
sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev

# 如果你使用 Ubuntu 14.04
sudo apt-get install libtiff4-dev
# 如果你使用 Ubuntu 16.04
sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev

sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install libxine2-dev libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-dev
sudo apt-get install qt5-default libgtk2.0-dev libtbb-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev
sudo apt-get install libfaac-dev libmp3lame-dev libtheora-dev
sudo apt-get install libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev
sudo apt-get install libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev
sudo apt-get install x264 v4l-utils

# 选择性安装
sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install libgoogle-glog-dev libgflags-dev
sudo apt-get install libgphoto2-dev libeigen3-dev libhdf5-dev doxygen

3. 安装Python库

sudo apt-get install python-dev python-pip python3-dev python3-pip
sudo -H pip2 install -U pip numpy
sudo -H pip3 install -U pip numpy

sudo pip2 install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
sudo pip3 install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
echo "# Virtual Environment Wrapper" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

3.1 *Python2

# 创建虚拟环境py2
mkvirtualenv py2 -p python2
workon py2

# 使用虚拟环境安装库
pip install numpy scipy matplotlib scikit-image scikit-learn ipython

# 退出虚拟环境
deactivate

3.2 *Python3

# 创建虚拟环境py3
mkvirtualenv py3 -p python3
workon py3

# 使用虚拟环境安装库
pip install numpy scipy matplotlib scikit-image scikit-learn ipython

# 退出Python3虚拟环境
deactivate

4. 下载OpenCV和OpenCV_contrib

4.1 下载OpenCV

cd ~
mkdir Dev && cd Dev
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv 
git checkout 3.4.0
cd ..

4.2 下载OpenCV_contrib

cd ~/Dev
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
cd opencv_contrib
git checkout 3.4.0
cd ..

5. 编译安装OpenCV和contrib(发布贡献包)

##### 新建目录 #####
cd ~/Dev/opencv
mkdir build && cd build

##### 使用CMake #####
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
      -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
      -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON \
      -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
      -D WITH_TBB=ON \
      -D WITH_V4L=ON \
      -D WITH_QT=ON \
      -D WITH_OPENGL=ON \
      -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Dev/opencv_contrib/modules \
      -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..

##### 编译安装 #####
# 查看CPU的内核数,输出8，则在下面使用make -j8
nproc
make -j8
sudo make install
sudo sh -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'
sudo ldconfig

##### 创建虚拟连接 #####
# 查看cv2.so的安装位置
find /usr/local/lib/ -type f -name "cv2\*.so"