Jetpack系列(十) — 测试 + 总结-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/2401_84731999/article/details/138930933

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Hamcrest 语义化

// 导入 Hamcrest
// testImplementation ‘org.hamcrest:hamcrest-all:1.3’

class StatisticsUtilsKtTest : TestCase() {

@Test
fun testGetActiveAndCompletedStats() {
val tasks = listOf(
Task(“title”, “desc”, isCompleted = false)
)
val result = getActiveAndCompletedStats(tasks)
assertThat(result.completedTasksPercent, is(0f))
assertThat(result.activeTasksPercent, is(100f))
}
}

Room 测试

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class WordDaoTest {
private lateinit var database: AppDataBase
private lateinit var wordDao: WordDao

private val word1 = Word(“hello”)
private val word2 = Word(“world”)

@get:Rule
var instantTaskExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()

@Before
fun createDb() = runBlocking {
val context = InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation().targetContext
database = Room.inMemoryDatabaseBuilder(context, AppDataBase::class.java).build()
wordDao = database.wordDao()

wordDao.insertAll(listOf(word1, word2))
}

@After
fun closeDb() {
database.close()
}

@Test
fun testGetAlphabetizedWords() = runBlocking {
val wordList = wordDao.getAlphabetizedWords().first()
Assert.assertThat(wordList.size, CoreMatchers.equalTo(2))

Assert.assertThat(wordList[0], CoreMatchers.equalTo(word1))
Assert.assertThat(wordList[1], CoreMatchers.equalTo(word2))
}

@Test
fun testDeleteAll() = runBlocking {
wordDao.deleteAll()

val wordList = wordDao.getAlphabetizedWords().first()
Assert.assertThat(wordList.size, CoreMatchers.equalTo(0))
}
}

ViewModel 测试

ViewModel 没有参数时，可以直接实例化，ViewModel 有参数时可以参考Hilt

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class HomeViewModelTest {

private lateinit var viewModel: HomeViewModel

private val coroutineRule = MainCoroutineRule()
private val instantTaskExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()

@get:Rule
val rule = RuleChain
.outerRule(instantTaskExecutorRule)
.around(coroutineRule)

@Before
fun setUp() {
viewModel = HomeViewModel()
}

@Test
fun testDefaultValues() = coroutineRule.runBlockingTest {
viewModel.updateTaps()
val value = viewModel.userName.getOrAwaitValue()
assertThat(value, is(“aa bb”))
}
}

这里主要是观测LiveData 的变化，所以可用协程的通道来实现数据的观察

// 官方代码
@VisibleForTesting(otherwise = VisibleForTesting.NONE)
fun LiveData.getOrAwaitValue(
time: Long = 2,
timeUnit: TimeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS,
afterObserve: () -> Unit = {}
): T {
var data: T? = null
val latch = CountDownLatch(1) // 一次计数
val observer = object : Observer {
override fun onChanged(o: T?) {
data = o
latch.countDown()
this@getOrAwaitValue.removeObserver(this)
}
}
this.observeForever(observer)

try {
afterObserve.invoke()

// Don’t wait indefinitely if the LiveData is not set.
if (!latch.await(time, timeUnit)) {
throw TimeoutException(“LiveData value was never set.”)
}

} finally {
this.removeObserver(observer)
}

@Suppress(“UNCHECKED_CAST”)
return data as T
}

Hilt 测试

有一点需要注意的是，Hilt需要提供Application，所以这里可以自定义一个AndroidJUnitRunner，作为测试的启动项

class MainTestRunner : AndroidJUnitRunner() {
override fun newApplication(cl: ClassLoader?, name: String?, context: Context?): Application {
return super.newApplication(cl, HiltTestApplication::class.java.name, context)
}
}

在module的build.gradle 文件当中修改 testInstrumentationRunner

defaultConfig {
…

testInstrumentationRunner “com.huang.myapplication.MainTestRunner”

…
}

用@HiltAndroidTest 注解测试类

@HiltAndroidTest
class MainViewModelTest {

private lateinit var viewModel: MainViewModel
private val hiltRule = HiltAndroidRule(this)
private val instantTaskExecutorRule = InstantTaskExecutorRule()
private val coroutineRule = MainCoroutineRule()

@get:Rule
val rule = RuleChain
.outerRule(hiltRule)
.around(instantTaskExecutorRule)
.around(coroutineRule)

@Inject
lateinit var repo: WordRepository

@Inject