三层交换实验-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/2301_79787158/article/details/146885852

实验拓扑图：

实验要求：

1.内网IP地址使用172.16.0.0/16分配

2.sw1和sw2之间互为备份

3.VRRP/STP/VLAN/Eth-trunk均使用

4.所有PC均通过DHCP获取IP地址

5. ISP只能配置IP地址

6.所有电脑可以正常访问ISP路由器环回

实验步骤：

sw1配置命令：

[sw1]int Eth-Trunk 0
[sw1-Eth-Trunk0]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 0/0/2
[sw1]port-group  group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/4 Eth-Trunk 0
[sw1-port-group]port link-type  trunk 
[sw1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass  vlan  all
[sw1]stp region-configuration
[sw1-mst-region]region-name bp
[sw1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[sw1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[sw1-mst-region]active region-configuration 
[sw1]stp instance 1 root primary   
[sw1]stp instance 2 root secondary
[sw1]vlan 2
[sw1]interface  Vlanif  2
[sw1-Vlanif2]ip address 172.16.1.1 25
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid  2  virtual-ip 172.16.1.126 
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid  2 priority 110
[sw1-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid  2 track interface GigabitEthernet  0/0/5 reduced 50
[sw1]vlan 3
[sw1]interface  Vlanif  3
[sw1-Vlanif3]ip a 172.16.1.129 25
[sw1-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254
[sw1]dhcp enable
[sw1]IP  pool v2
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.1.0 mask  25
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[sw1-ip-pool-v2]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[sw1]ip pool v3
[sw1-ip-pool-v3]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25
[sw1-ip-pool-v3]gateway-list  172.16.1.254
[sw1-ip-pool-v3]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[sw1]interface  Vlanif 2
[sw1-Vlanif2]dhcp select global 
[sw1]interface  Vlanif 3
[sw1-Vlanif3]dhcp select global 
[sw1]vlan 99 
[sw1]int Vlanif  99
[sw1-Vlanif99]ip address  172.16.0.2 30
[sw1-Vlanif99]int g0/0/5
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access 
[sw1-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 99
[sw1]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[sw1-ospf-1]a 0
[sw1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

sw2配置命令：

[sw2]int Eth-Trunk 0
[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]trunkport g
[sw2-Eth-Trunk0]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 0/0/2
[sw2]port-group  group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/4 Eth-Trunk 0
[sw2-port-group]port link-type trunk 
[sw2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all 
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw2]stp region-configuration
[sw2-mst-region]region-name bp
[sw2-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[sw2-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[sw2-mst-region]active region-configuration
[sw2]stp instance 1  root secondary   
[sw2]stp instance 2 root primary
[sw2]vlan 2
[sw2]interface  Vlanif  2
[sw2-Vlanif2]ip a 172.16.1.2 25
[sw2-Vlanif2]vrrp vrid  2 virtual-ip 172.16.1.126
[sw2]vlan 3
[sw2]interface  Vlanif  3 
[sw2-Vlanif3]ip address  172.16.1.130 25
[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid  2 virtual-ip 172.16.1.254
[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid  2 priority 110
[sw2-Vlanif3]vrrp vrid  2 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/5 reduced 50
[sw2]dhcp enable 
[sw2]ip pool v2 
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]network 172.16.1.0 mask 25
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]gateway-list 172.16.1.126
[sw2-ip-pool-v2]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[sw2]ip pool v3
[sw2-ip-pool-v3]network 172.16.1.128 mask 25 
[sw2-ip-pool-v3]gateway-list  172.16.1.254
[sw2-ip-pool-v3]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[sw2]int Vlanif 2 
[sw2-Vlanif2]dhcp select global 
[sw2]int Vlanif 3
[sw2-Vlanif3]dhcp select global
[sw2]vlan 99
[sw2-vlan99]q
[sw2]int Vlanif 99
[sw2-Vlanif99]ip address  172.16.0.6 30
[sw2-Vlanif99]q
[sw2]int g0/0/5
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type  access 
[sw2-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default vlan 99
[sw2]ospf 1 router-id  3.3.3.3
[sw2-ospf-1]a 0
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne
[sw2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network  172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

sw3配置命令：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
Mar 31 2025 20:57:29-08:00 Huawei %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[0]:    GigabitEthernet0/0/1: 
change status to up
[Huawei]sysn sw3
[sw3]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3]
Mar 31 2025 20:57:48-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3]int g0/0/1
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Mar 31 2025 20:57:58-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Mar 31 2025 20:58:08-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 20:58:19-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 20:58:29-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu
[sw3]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/4
[sw3-port-group]
Mar 31 2025 20:58:39-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-port-group]port link-type trunk
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[sw3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw3-port-group]
Mar 31 2025 20:58:49-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 14, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-port-group]
[sw3-port-group]qu
[sw3]stp region-configuration
[sw3-mst-region]region-name bp
[sw3-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[sw3-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[sw3-mst-region]active region-configuration
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-mst-region]
Mar 31 2025 21:02:19-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 15, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095. User interface con0 is available

sw4配置命令：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysn sw4
[sw4]
Mar 31 2025 20:59:08-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4]vlan batch 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw4]
Mar 31 2025 20:59:18-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4]int g0/0/1
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type  access
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Mar 31 2025 20:59:28-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Mar 31 2025 20:59:38-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 20:59:48-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 20:59:58-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu
[sw4]port-group group-member GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 GigabitEthernet 0/0/4
[sw4-port-group]port link-type trunk
Mar 31 2025 21:00:08-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type trunk
[sw4-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw4-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[sw4-port-group]
Mar 31 2025 21:00:18-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 14, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-port-group]qu
[sw4]stp region-configuration
[sw4-mst-region]region-name bp
[sw4-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[sw4-mst-region]instance  2 vlan 3
[sw4-mst-region]
Mar 31 2025 21:02:55-08:00 sw4 %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[0]:    GigabitEthernet0/0/2: cha
nge status to up
[sw4-mst-region]active  region-configuration
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw4-mst-region]
Mar 31 2025 21:03:08-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 15, the 
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
Mar 31 2025 21:08:04-08:00 sw4 %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[1]:    GigabitEthernet0/0/1: cha
nge status to up User interface con0 is available

R1配置命令：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysn R1
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.0.1 30
Mar 31 2025 21:19:44-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.0.5 30
Mar 31 2025 21:19:55-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip a 12.0.0.1 24
Mar 31 2025 21:20:21-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]

  Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

  Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R1>
<R1>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R1]ospf router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]a 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255
Mar 31 2025 21:26:46-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[0]:OSPF Route
r id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaId
=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/0,  IpAddr=1.0.16.172, PacketSrcIp=5.
0.16.172) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:46-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[1]:OSPF Route
r id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaId
=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/1,  IpAddr=5.0.16.172, PacketSrcIp=1.
0.16.172) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:48-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:48-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:48-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:48-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exch
ange) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:48-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loadin
g) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:48-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:55-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[8]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Mar 31 2025 21:26:55-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[9]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.0.16.172, Neighbo
rEvent=2WayReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Init, NeighborCurrentState=2Way) 
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]qu
[R1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always
[R1-ospf-1]qu
[R1]ip route-static  0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.2
[R1]acl 2000
[R1-acl-basic-2000]
Mar 31 2025 21:27:22-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[10]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.0.16.172, Neighb
orEvent=AdjOk?, NeighborPreviousState=2Way, NeighborCurrentState=ExStart) 
[R1-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R1-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:27:37-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[11]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.0.16.172, Neighb
orEvent=NegotiationDone, NeighborPreviousState=ExStart, NeighborCurrentState=Exc
hange) 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:27:37-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[12]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.0.16.172, Neighb
orEvent=ExchangeDone, NeighborPreviousState=Exchange, NeighborCurrentState=Loadi
ng) 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:27:37-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[13]:Neighbor changes ev
ent: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=6.0.16.172, Neighb
orEvent=LoadingDone, NeighborPreviousState=Loading, NeighborCurrentState=Full) 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:28:54-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[14]:OSPF Rout
er id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaI
d=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/1,  IpAddr=5.0.16.172, PacketSrcIp=1
.0.16.172) 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:28:56-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[15]:OSPF Rout
er id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaI
d=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/0,  IpAddr=1.0.16.172, PacketSrcIp=5
.0.16.172) 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:31:00-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[16]:OSPF Rout
er id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaI
d=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/0,  IpAddr=1.0.16.172, PacketSrcIp=5
.0.16.172) 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 31 2025 21:31:02-08:00 R1 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[17]:OSPF Rout
er id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaI
d=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=GigabitEthernet0/0/1,  IpAddr=5.0.16.172, PacketSrcIp=1
.0.16.172)

R2配置命令：

<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysn R2
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.252
Mar 31 2025 21:13:04-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]qu
[R2]

  Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in time

  Configuration console time out, please press any key to log on

<R2>
<R2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.0.0.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip  a 2.2.2.2 24

结果：