HCIP作业-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/2202_75594192/article/details/136837509

实验要求：

1、R6为ISP，接口IP地址均为公有地址，该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能再对其进行任何配置；
2、R1-R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配；
3、R1、R2、R4，各有两个环回IP地址；R5,R6各有一个环回地址；所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口；
4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址；
5、选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路；
6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回；
7、R6 telnet R5的公有地址时，实际登录到R1上；
8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路；

实验步骤：

推荐使用AR2220和AR2240路由器

1、网段划分：

首先输入：sys 进入系统视图，接着输入：interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 进入接口视图

随后ip addres 192.168.1.1（ip地址）255.255.255.252（子网掩码）（为啥是252，因为在192.168.1.0/30这个网段中255.255.255.252表示该子网只有4个IP地址可用，其中一个是网络地址、一个是广播地址，另外两个是可用地址。）

AR1：int g0/0/1 IP地址：192.168.1.5 30

int g0/0/0 IP地址：192.168.1.1 30

配置R1 环回地址

AR2：int g0/0/1 IP地址：192.168.1.9 30

int g0/0/0 IP地址：192.168.1.2 30

配置R2 环回地址

AR3：int g0/0/1 IP地址：192.168.1.13 30

int g0/0/0 IP地址：192.168.1.6 30

给R3配置dhcp服务：

AR4：int g0/0/1 IP地址：192.168.1.14 30

int g0/0/0 IP地址：192.168.1.9 30

int g0/0/2 IP地址：192.168.1.17 30

int g4/0/0 IP地址：192.168.1.21 30

配置R4的环回地址：

int l0 然后 ip ad 192.168.1.129 28

int l1 然后ip ad 192.168.1.145 28

AR5：int 0/0/2 IP地址：192.168.1.22 30

int g0/0/0 IP地址：192.168.1.18 30

int g0/0/1 IP地址：12.0.0.5 24

AR6：int g0/0/0 IP地址：12.0.0.6 24

配置R6环回地址：

配置R1的静态路由：

ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.2

ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

ip route-static 192.168.1.64 30 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6

配置R2的静态路由：

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

配置R3的静态路由：

[R3]ip route-s
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.14
[R3]dis ip ro
[R3]dis ip routing-table p
[R3]dis ip routing-table protocol s
[R3]dis ip routing-table protocol static

配置R4的静态路由：

[R4]ip rou
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22

配置R5的静态路由：

[R5]ip route-s
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21

检查内网是否通了：

现在进行公网通：

在R5上配（缺省路由）：ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.6

检查公网是否通了：

避免环路：

静态防环机制

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

R1访问R6 公网上需要进行nat操作

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule per
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]q
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat o
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

给R1搞缺省：

[R1]ip rou
[R1]ip route-s
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

给R2搞缺省：[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

给R3搞缺省：[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

给R4搞缺省：[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

现在R1 ping 1.1.1.6 就可以通了

R6登录到R1上：

给R1配置远程登陆：

[R1]aaa
[R1-aaa]lo
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye ps
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye pa
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye password ci
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye password cipher way12345 pri
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye password cipher way12345 privilege le
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye password cipher way12345 privilege level 15

给wangdaye这个用户设置服务类型：

R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye ser
[R1-aaa]local-user wangdaye service-type telnet
[R1-aaa]dis th
[V200R003C00]
#
aaa
authentication-scheme default
authorization-scheme default
accounting-scheme default
domain default
domain default_admin
local-user admin password cipher %$%$K8m.Nt84DZ}e#<0`8bmE3Uw}%$%$
local-user admin service-type http
local-user wangdaye password cipher %$%$RK~w)),WiO}jqSIz6p(K!>Ja%$%$
local-user wangdaye privilege level 15
local-user wangdaye service-type telnet
#
return

给用户设置登录通道：

[R1-aaa]quit
[R1]use
[R1]user-in
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]au
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode ?
aaa AAA authentication
password Authentication through the password of a user terminal interface
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa
[R1-ui-vty0-4]quit

给R5配置nat server：

nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins
ide 192.168.1.1 23

R6通过公网地址访问：

第八个问题：

1.查询R1所走的路径：[R1]tracert 192.168.1.161

2、修改通过R4的优先级：ip ro
[R4]ip route-s
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 pre
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
Mar 20 2024 18:41:30-08:00 R4 %%01RM/4/IPV4_DEFT_RT_CHG(l)[0]:IPV4 default Route
is changed. (ChangeType=Delete, InstanceId=0, Protocol=Static, ExitIf=GigabitEt
hernet4/0/0, Nexthop=192.168.1.22, Neighbour=0.0.0.0, Preference=1023410176, Lab
el=NULL, Metric=0)
[R4]
[R4]

修改通过R5的优先级：[R5]ip route-s
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 pre 6
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.21 30 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: The destination address and mask of the configured static route mismatched
, and the static route 192.168.1.20/30 was generated.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 pre 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.