[PAT甲级]1017. Queueing at Bank (25)(银行办理业务平均等待时间)

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最新推荐文章于 2025-01-22 23:38:46 发布

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分类专栏： PAT甲级文章标签： PAT甲级 1017 Queueing at-Bank 银行平均等待时间

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本文介绍了一个银行排队系统的模拟实现，通过记录每位顾客的到达时间和所需服务时间，计算出所有有效顾客的平均等待时间。该系统考虑了银行的实际营业时间限制，并确保了窗口服务的有效性和顾客的合理安排。

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1017. Queueing at Bank (25)

原题链接
 相似题目 1014. Waiting in Line (30)
Suppose a bank has K windows open for service. There is a yellow line in front of the windows which devides the waiting area into two parts. All the customers have to wait in line behind the yellow line, until it is his/her turn to be served and there is a window available. It is assumed that no window can be occupied by a single customer for more than 1 hour.

Now given the arriving time T and the processing time P of each customer, you are supposed to tell the average waiting time of all the customers.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains 2 numbers: N (<=10000) - the total number of customers, and K (<=100) - the number of windows. Then N lines follow, each contains 2 times: HH:MM:SS - the arriving time, and P - the processing time in minutes of a customer. Here HH is in the range [00, 23], MM and SS are both in [00, 59]. It is assumed that no two customers arrives at the same time.

Notice that the bank opens from 08:00 to 17:00. Anyone arrives early will have to wait in line till 08:00, and anyone comes too late (at or after 17:00:01) will not be served nor counted into the average.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print in one line the average waiting time of all the customers, in minutes and accurate up to 1 decimal place.

Sample Input:

7 3
07:55:00 16
17:00:01 2
07:59:59 15
08:01:00 60
08:00:00 30
08:00:02 2
08:03:00 10

Sample Output:

8.2

题目大意：

银行排队办理业务，有N个人，K个窗口
给出N个人的到达银行时间，个人办理业务所需要的时间，求平均等待时间
银行窗口08：00开始办理业务，下午17：00之后到达的人不接受办理，不算有效的人
每个窗口前只能有一个人办理业务，其他的人均在黄线外等待，有窗口最先空闲（前一个人办理业务结束），等待的顾客就可以按照到达时间的先后顺序去办理

思路：

定义结构体记录顾客到达时间come，办理业务所需要时间time
为了方便计算，时间全部换成秒来计算
统计并筛选所有办理业务的人，剔除17：00以后到达的人，按照到达时间排序
如果顾客到达时间come大于窗口空闲时间windowTime，就可以直接办理业务，无需等待，否则等待总时间res += (windowTime - come)
最终等待总时间res/60/ 办理业务有效人数 = 人均等待时间
注意res按秒计算，先换成分钟，再求平均等待时间

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct node{
    int come;//到达时间
    int time;//办理业务所需要时间
};
int cmp(node a, node b){
    return a.come < b.come;
}
int main()
{
    int n, k;//n个人 k个窗口
    scanf("%d %d", &n, &k);
    vector<node> custom;
    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        int hh,mm,ss,time;
        scanf("%d:%d:%d %d", &hh, &mm, &ss, &time);
        int cometime = hh*3600 + mm*60 + ss;
        if(cometime > 61200)//顾客来的时间晚于17:00 无效 直接跳过，无法办理
            continue;
        node temp;
        temp.come = cometime;
        temp.time = time*60;
        custom.push_back(temp);
    }
    sort(custom.begin(), custom.end(), cmp);
    vector<int> windowTime(k, 28800);//28800代表早上八点
    double res = 0.0;
    for(int i=0; i<custom.size(); i++){
        int minWindow=0;//最早结束的窗口 最早结束的窗口时间
        for(int j=1; j<k; j++){
            if(windowTime[minWindow] > windowTime[j]){
                minWindow = j;
            }
        }
        if(windowTime[minWindow] <= custom[i].come){//顾客来的时候就有空闲窗口
            windowTime[minWindow] = custom[i].come + custom[i].time;
        }else{//顾客来的时候需要等待
            res += (windowTime[minWindow] - custom[i].come);//顾客等待时间
            windowTime[minWindow] +=  custom[i].time;//更新窗口空闲时间
        }
    }
    if(custom.size() == 0){//有效人数为0，直接输出，除以0无意义
        printf("0.0");
    }else{
        printf("%.1f", res/60.0/custom.size());
    }
    return 0;
}