通过Http协议实现文件上传

原文链接：http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/sabic/article/details/6568386

先创建一个测试的JavaBean，定义需要的属性，并生成相应的Set和Get方法。该JavaBean还包含两个构造方法

具体使用请注意阅读注释

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
 * 上传文件
 * FormFile 该JavaBean用来封装上传文件的数据
 */
public class FormFile {
	/* 上传文件的数据 */
	private byte[] data;
	private InputStream inStream;
	private File file;
	/* 文件名称 */
	private String filname;
	/* 请求参数名称*/
	private String parameterName;
	/* 内容类型 */
	private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
	
	/*
	下面是两个构造函数，主要用于大小不同的文件的上传
	*/
	//该构造器适用于文件小于1M，把数据全部转换为二进制，放到手机内存
	public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
		this.data = data;
		this.filname = filname;
		this.parameterName = parameterName;
		if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
	}
	
	//大文件用输入、输出流进行边读取边上传
	public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
		this.filname = filname;
		this.parameterName = parameterName;
		this.file = file;
		try {
			this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
	}
	
	public File getFile() {
		return file;
	}
	public InputStream getInStream() {
		return inStream;
	}
	public byte[] getData() {
		return data;
	}
	public String getFilname() {
		return filname;
	}
	public void setFilname(String filname) {
		this.filname = filname;
	}
	public String getParameterName() {
		return parameterName;
	}
	public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
		this.parameterName = parameterName;
	}
	public String getContentType() {
		return contentType;
	}
	public void setContentType(String contentType) {
		this.contentType = contentType;
	}
	
}

下面这个类，是利用Http协议上传的工具类

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
	/**
	 * 通过Http协议上传文件，适用于2M大小以内的文件，如果是视频等大文件应采用其他方法
	 * 如果上传文本内容，可直接使用Post提交，该类主要是用于上传小文件
	 */
public class SocketHttpRequester {
	/**
	 * 发送xml数据
	 * @param path 请求地址
	 * @param xml xml数据
	 * @param encoding 编码
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{
		byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);
		URL url = new URL(path);
		HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
		conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
		conn.setDoOutput(true);
		conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
		conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
		conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
		OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
		outStream.write(data);
		outStream.flush();
		outStream.close();
		if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
			return readStream(conn.getInputStream());
		}
		return null;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
	 *   <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
			<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
			<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
			<input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
		    <input type="file" name="zip"/>
		 </FORM>
	 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
	 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
	 * @param file 上传文件
	 */
	public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{     
        final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
        final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--/r/n";//数据结束标志
        
        int fileDataLength = 0;
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
        	StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
 	        fileExplain.append("--");
 	        fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
 	        fileExplain.append("/r/n");
 	        fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");
 	        fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");
 	        fileExplain.append("/r/n");
 	        fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
        	if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
        		fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
	 	    }else{
	 	    	fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
	 	    }
        }
        StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
            textEntity.append("--");
            textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
            textEntity.append("/r/n");
            textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getKey() + "/"/r/n/r/n");
            textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
            textEntity.append("/r/n");
        }
        //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度 endline（最后的结束线）
        int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;
        
        URL url = new URL(path);
		//得到端口号，如果是-1 就用80，否则取得端口号
        int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
		//创建一个Socket，链接到服务器的某一个端口，如80端口
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);	 
		//数据由Android应用传到服务器，所以构建输出流
        OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
        String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1/r/n";
        outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
		//完成第二个协议头的数据，可省略
        String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n";
        outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
        String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN/r/n";
        outStream.write(language.getBytes());
        String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "/r/n";
        outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
		//内容的长度
        String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "/r/n";
        outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
		//Connection请求头
        String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive/r/n";
        outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
		//Host请求头，末尾"/r/n" 是回车换行符
        String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"/r/n";
        outStream.write(host.getBytes());
        //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
        outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());
        //把所有"文本"类型的实体数据发送出来
        outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());	       
        //把所有"文件"类型的实体数据发送出来
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
        	StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
			//分割线前面多了两个--符号，加进来，都是从http协议参考过来的
 	        fileEntity.append("--");
 	        fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
			//回车换行符
 	        fileEntity.append("/r/n");
 	        fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"/";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "/"/r/n");
 	        fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"/r/n/r/n");
 	        outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
			//先判断文件有没有输入流，以便确定调用哪个构造方法（该JavaBean里有两个构造方法）
 	        if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
 	        	byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
 	        	int len = 0;
 	        	while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
 	        		outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
 	        	}
 	        	uploadFile.getInStream().close();
 	        }else{
				//否则代表是以二进制数据传进来的，调用下面的处理方法
 	        	outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
 	        }
 	        outStream.write("/r/n".getBytes());
        }
        //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束，此时服务器会给客户端返回一个响应信息
        outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
        //从服务端读取响应状态，所以是InputStream
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
		//返回的信息，第一行就包含状态
        if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
        	return false;
        }
        outStream.flush();
        outStream.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();
        return true;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 提交数据到服务器
	 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
	 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
	 * @param file 上传文件
	 */
	public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
	   return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
	}
	/**
	 * 提交数据到服务器
	 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
	 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
	 * @param encode 编码
	 */
	public static byte[] postFromHttpClient(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception{
		List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();//用于存放请求参数
		for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
			formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
		}
		UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, encode);
		HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);
		httppost.setEntity(entity);
		HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();//看作是浏览器
		HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);//发送post请求		
		return readStream(response.getEntity().getContent());
	}
	/**
	 * 发送请求
	 * @param path 请求路径
	 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值
	 * @param encode 请求参数的编码
	 */
	public static byte[] post(String path, Map<String, String> params, String encode) throws Exception{
		//String params = "method=save&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数
		StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder("");
		if(params!=null && !params.isEmpty()){
			for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
				parambuilder.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
					.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encode)).append("&");
			}
			parambuilder.deleteCharAt(parambuilder.length()-1);
		}
		byte[] data = parambuilder.toString().getBytes();
		URL url = new URL(path);
		HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
		conn.setDoOutput(true);//允许对外发送请求参数
		conn.setUseCaches(false);//不进行缓存
		conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
		conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
		//下面设置http请求头
		conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
		conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
		conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
		conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
		conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
		conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
		
		//发送参数
		DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
		outStream.write(data);//把参数发送出去
		outStream.flush();
		outStream.close();
		if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
			return readStream(conn.getInputStream());
		}
		return null;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 读取流
	 * @param inStream
	 * @return 字节数组
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
		ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
		int len = -1;
		while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
			outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
		}
		outSteam.close();
		inStream.close();
		return outSteam.toByteArray();
	}
}

调用时可以这样写，仅供参考，这里是通过触发一个Button事件调用：

button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				String title = titleText.getText().toString();
				String timelength = timelengthText.getText().toString();
				//通过Map构造器传参
				Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
				params.put("method", "save");
				params.put("title", title);
				params.put("timelength", timelength);
				try {
					//取得上传文件的名称
					File uploadFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), videoText.getText().toString());
					//文件上传JavaBean ，通过New调用构造方法（此处是调用第二个构造函数，以输入、输出流上传），audio/mpeg为Mp3文件的内容类型
					//如果不知道上传文件的内容类型，可以在IE浏览器上传一个文件测试，在后台观察源码（通过HttpWatch）
					FormFile formfile = new FormFile("02.mp3", uploadFile, "video", "audio/mpeg");
					SocketHttpRequester.post("http://192.168.1.100:8080/videoweb/video/manage.do", params, formfile);
					Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.success, 1).show();
				} catch (Exception e) {
					Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();
					Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
				}
			}
		});