安装Gitea以及一些错误处理

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-10 11:31:40 发布

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本文详细介绍了如何在Ubuntu系统中安装和配置Gitea，包括下载二进制文件、创建用户、目录结构设置、添加服务、数据库配置及解决界面乱码问题等关键步骤。

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我是在Ubuntu里面安装的，直接遵循他的安装手册安装的二进制文件：

wget -O gitea https://dl.gitea.io/gitea/1.5.0/gitea-1.5.0-linux-amd64
chmod +x gitea

2.测试

./gitea web

3.创建用户运行gitea (比如：git）

adduser \
   --system \
   --shell /bin/bash \
   --gecos 'Git Version Control' \
   --group \
   --disabled-password \
   --home /home/git \
   git

4.创建目录结构：

mkdir -p /var/lib/gitea/{custom,data,indexers,public,log}
chown git:git /var/lib/gitea/{data,indexers,log}
chmod 750 /var/lib/gitea/{data,indexers,log}
mkdir /etc/gitea
chown root:git /etc/gitea
chmod 770 /etc/gitea

注意：/etc/gitea在安装配置结束后将权限改成如下：

chmod 750 /etc/gitea
chmod 644 /etc/gitea/app.ini

5.复制gitea到执行目录

cp gitea /usr/local/bin/gitea

6.添加到服务里面，这样每次开机就会自动启动

sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/gitea.service

把下面的文本复制进去：

[Unit]
Description=Gitea (Git with a cup of tea)
After=syslog.target
After=network.target
#After=mysqld.service
#After=postgresql.service
#After=memcached.service
#After=redis.service

[Service]
# Modify these two values and uncomment them if you have
# repos with lots of files and get an HTTP error 500 because
# of that
###
#LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
#LimitNOFILE=65535
RestartSec=2s
Type=simple
User=git
Group=git
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/gitea/
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gitea web -c /etc/gitea/app.ini
Restart=always
Environment=USER=git HOME=/home/git GITEA_WORK_DIR=/var/lib/gitea
# If you want to bind Gitea to a port below 1024 uncomment
# the two values below
###
#CapabilityBoundingSet=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
#AmbientCapabilities=CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

注意：如果使用Mysql作为数据库，就去掉相应的注释。这里也可以修改相应的工作目录等。

7.开启gitea服务，运行gitea:

sudo systemctl enable gitea
sudo systemctl start gitea

8.在浏览器打开 http://ip:3000 进行配置，如果没有设置管理员，配置完后第一个注册的用户默认是管理员

9.在/etc/gitea/app.ini 里面可以更改很多配置，参考：https://docs.gitea.io/en-us/config-cheat-sheet/

10.如果使用远程的mysql,需要添加创建一个gitea数据库:

Create DataBase gitea;

创建数据库用户并且赋予权限：

grant ALL PRIVILEGES on gitea.* to gituser@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456'

如果远程机器没有打开端口可能会报no route，请打开相应的端口（默认3306）。

在配置界面填入相应的Mysql配置即可完成配置。如果没有mysql数据库，请使用sqlite数据库。

10.如果界面有乱码，可能需要更改数据库的字符集，命令如下：

alter table access CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table access_token CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table action CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table attachment CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table collaboration CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
alter table comment CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table commit_status CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table deleted_branch CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table deploy_key CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table email_address CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table external_login_user CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table follow CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table gpg_key CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
alter table hook_task CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table issue CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table issue_assignees CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table issue_label CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table issue_user CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table issue_watch CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table label CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table lfs_lock CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table lfs_meta_object CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table login_source CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table milestone CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table mirror CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
alter table notice CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table notification CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table oauth2_session CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table org_user CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table protected_branch CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table public_key CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table pull_request CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table reaction CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table release CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table repo_indexer_status CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table repo_redirect CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table repo_topic CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table repo_unit CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table star CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table stopwatch CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table team CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table team_repo CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table team_unit CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table team_user CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table topic CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table tracked_time CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table two_factor CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table u2f_registration CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
alter table upload CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table user CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table user_open_id CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table version CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table watch CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; 
 alter table webhook CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;