序列化与反序列化

目录

序列化概念

序列化可以分为两部分：序列化与反序列化

序列化实现的步骤

代码实例

 

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• 序列化概念

  • 序列化就是一种处理对象流的机制。所谓对象流就是将对象的内容进行流化，将数据分解成字节流以便存储在文件中或在网络上传输。可以对流化后的对象进行读写操作，也可以将流化后的对象传输在网络之间。序列化是为了解决在对对象流进行读写操作时所引发的问题。

• 序列化可以分为两部分：序列化与反序列化

  • 序列化：将数据分解为字节流，以便存储在文件中或在网络上传输。序列化由ObjectOutputStream的writerObject实现

  • 反序列化：打开字节流并重构为对象。反序列化由ObjectInputStream的readObject实现

  • 

• 序列化实现的步骤

  • 将需要实例化的类实现Serializable接口
  • 使用一个输出流（例如：FileOutputSteam）来构造一个ObjectOutputStream对象
  • 然后利用ObjectOutputStream对象的writeObject(Object obj)方法将指定的对象进行序列化，要恢复的话则使用输入流
  • 关闭流对象

• 代码实例

  • 需要被序列化的类

package IODemo;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author xxx
 * @Description: 序列化之教师类
 * @date 2018/11/15下午5:10
 **/
public class Teacher implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private transient String course;

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(String name, int age, String course) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.course = course;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", course='" + course + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public static long getSerialVersionUID() {
        return serialVersionUID;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getCourse() {
        return course;
    }

    public void setCourse(String course) {
        this.course = course;
    }
}

• 对对象进行序列化与反序列化

• package IODemo;
  
  import java.io.*;
  
  /**
   * @author xxx
   * @Description: 序列化与反序列化
   * @date 2018/11/15下午5:14
   **/
  public class SeriObject {
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          String address = "/Users/zyp/Downloads/test/test.txt";
          seriz(address);
          fseriz(address);
      }
  
  //    将对象序列化并写入文件
      public static void seriz(String address){
          FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;
          ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = null;
          try {
              fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(address);
              objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
              Teacher teacher = new Teacher("张云鹏",20,"数学");
              objectOutputStream.writeObject(teacher);
          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }finally {
              try {
                  objectOutputStream.close();
                  fileOutputStream.close();
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
  
          }
      }
  
  //    将文件中的数据读出来并反序列化
      public static void fseriz(String address){
          FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
          ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = null;
          try {
              fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(address);
              objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);
              Teacher teacher = (Teacher) objectInputStream.readObject();
              System.out.println(teacher);
          } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } finally {
              try {
                  objectInputStream.close();
                  fileInputStream.close();
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  e.printStackTrace();
              }
          }
      }
  }