Spring管理 hibernate 事务配置的五种方式

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-09 14:37:35 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-07-09 14:37:35 发布

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本文介绍了五种Spring事务管理配置方式，包括每个Bean拥有独立代理、共享代理、使用拦截器、tx标签配置拦截器及注解方式，并展示了具体的XML配置与注解示例。

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摘自：http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zljjava/article/details/7535710

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论是那种配置方法，一般变化的只是代理机制这块！

首先我创建了两个类，一个接口一个实现：

package com.dao;  
public interface UserDao {  
    public void getUser();    
}

实现：

package com.dao.impl;  
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
import com.dao.UserDao;  
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  
    public void getUser(){        
    }     
}

第一种：每个Bean都有一个代理：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">  
    <!-- 数据源 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource"  
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
        <property name="url"  
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />  
        <property name="username" value="root" />  
        <property name="password" value="root" />  
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />  
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />  
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />  
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />  
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <property name="mappingLocations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">  
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect  
                </prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>      
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>      
    <!-- 配置服务层 -->  
    <bean id="userDaoAgency" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>      
    <bean id="userDao"    
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">    
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->    
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />       
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoAgency" />    
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.dao.UserDao" />  
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
        <property name="transactionAttributes">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>  
</beans>

第二种：所有Bean共享一个代理：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">  
    <!-- 数据源 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource"  
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
        <property name="url"  
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />  
        <property name="username" value="root" />  
        <property name="password" value="root" />  
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />  
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />  
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />  
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />  
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <property name="mappingLocations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">  
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect  
                </prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->  
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
     <!-- 定义事务 -->  
    <bean id="base"  
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"  
        lazy-init="true" abstract="true">  
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->  
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />  
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->  
        <property name="transactionAttributes">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 配置服务层 -->  
    <bean id="userDao"  
        class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 代理对象 -->  
    <bean id="userDaoAgency" parent="base">  
        <property name="target" ref="userDao" />  
    </bean>  
</beans>

第三种：拦截器：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">  
    <!-- 数据源 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource"  
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
        <property name="url"  
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />  
        <property name="username" value="root" />  
        <property name="password" value="root" />  
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />  
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />  
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />  
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />  
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <property name="mappingLocations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">  
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect  
                </prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>      
     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>     
     <!-- 定义事务 -->   
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"    
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">    
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />    
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->    
        <property name="transactionAttributes">    
            <props>    
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>    
            </props>    
        </property>    
    </bean>        
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">    
        <property name="beanNames">    
            <list>    
                <value>*DaoImpl</value>  
            </list>    
        </property>    
        <property name="interceptorNames">    
            <list>    
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
    </bean>    
    <!-- 配置服务层 -->  
    <bean id="userDaoAgency" class="com.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
</beans>

第四种：使用tx标签配置的拦截器：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
    <!-- 数据源 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource"  
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
        <property name="url"  
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />  
        <property name="username" value="root" />  
        <property name="password" value="root" />  
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />  
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />  
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />  
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />  
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <property name="mappingLocations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">  
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect  
                </prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <context:annotation-config />  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" />  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 定义事务 -->  
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">  
        <tx:attributes>  
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />  
        </tx:attributes>  
    </tx:advice>  
    <!-- 定义切面 -->  
    <aop:config>  
        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" expression="execution(* com.dao.*.*(..))" />  
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />  
    </aop:config>  
</beans>

第五种：注解：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"  
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">  
    <!-- 数据源 -->  
    <bean id="dataSource"  
        class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"  
        destroy-method="close">  
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
        <property name="url"  
            value="jdbc:mysql://192.168.0.244:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" />  
        <property name="username" value="root" />  
        <property name="password" value="root" />  
        <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 -->  
        <property name="initialSize" value="10" />  
        <!-- 连接池的最大值 -->  
        <property name="maxActive" value="10" />  
        <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后，连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分，一直减少到maxIdle为止 -->  
        <property name="maxIdle" value="20" />  
        <!--  最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时，连接池就会预申请去一些连接，以免洪峰来时来不及申请 -->  
        <property name="minIdle" value="10" />  
        <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" />  
    </bean>  
    <!-- 会话工厂 -->  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
        <property name="mappingLocations">  
            <list>  
                <value>classpath:/com/nms/entity/**/*.hbm.xml</value>  
            </list>  
        </property>  
        <property name="hibernateProperties">  
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">  
                    org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect  
                </prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>  
    </bean>  
    <context:annotation-config />  
    <!-- 使用注解的包路径 -->  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dao" />  
    <!-- 支持  @Transactional 标记 -->  
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器 -->    
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">  
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />  
    </bean>  
</beans>

如果使用了注解，那么实现类应该这样写：

package com.dao.impl;  
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;  
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;  
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;  
import com.dao.UserDao;  
@Transactional  
@Component("userDaoAgency")  
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {  
    /** 
     * 为方法增加事务处理特性 
     */  
    @Transactional(readOnly=true)  
    public void getUser(){        
    }     
}

这样每个方法都能自己定义自己的事务处理！