MySQL安装方式（5.7版本和8.0版本）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 23:44:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-14 23:44:42 发布 · 1.8k 阅读

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本文详细介绍了MySQL 5.7和8.0版本的两种安装方法：RPM包安装和通用二进制格式安装，包括安装步骤、依赖处理、初始化设置、密码配置以及环境变量的调整。

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5.7版本安装MySQL

rpm安装mysql

1.首先检查机器里是否已经存在MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#

2.去官网下载相应的rpm包：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/并上传

[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  initial-setup-ks.cfg           
mysql-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
[root@localhost ~]#

3.解压mysql-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@localhost ~]# ll

解压后会得到以下rpm安装文件：
在这里插入图片描述
4.查看并卸载mariadb 和 postfix

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep ^mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs
error: Failed dependencies:
        libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
        libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) is needed by (installed) postfix-2:2.10.1-6.el7.x86_                                                          64
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs postfix
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep ^mariadb
[root@localhost ~]#

在这里插入图片描述
4.安装

安装服务端

[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
......(省略)
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64 (/mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64)
           Requires: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9
Error: Package: mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64 (/mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64)
           Requires: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.14-1.el7
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
[root@localhost ~]#

在这里插入图片描述
根据报错信息安装所需要包

安装客户端和服务端和客户端的公共文件（mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm）

[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
......(省略)
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64 (/mysql-community-client-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64)
           Requires: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9
 You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
 You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
[root@localhost ~]#

在这里插入图片描述
根据报错信息安装所需要包

安装客户端共享库（mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm）

[root@localhost ~]# yum localinstall mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client- 5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-common-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-libs-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.14-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
......(省略)
Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.14-1.el7         mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.14-1.el7
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.14-1.el7           mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.14-1.el7

Complete!
[root@localhost ~]#

安装成功！

5.epel https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/

进入清华大学开源软件镜像站官网
复制链接 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm                                                    |  15 kB  00:00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-qsICr2/epel-r