centos7-Mini版静默安装Oracle11

最新推荐文章于 2025-02-19 15:58:16 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-02-19 15:58:16 发布

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分类专栏： Oracle Centos 文章标签： centos

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参考自：
https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/chenghuikai/article/details/85776622
https://www.cnblogs.com/lei01/p/10688036.html
使用以下安装部署的命令，已成功在centos7-Mini版部署好了oracle
提示：本人使用虚拟机VMware的centos7安装Oracle时，配置的内存是20G，安装Oracle后总是有问题，不清楚是否自己配置出错了还是不够内存，当将内存升到50G时才正常启动了。（扩展内存参考：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zqs656546/article/details/107202399）

配置hostname

hostnamectl set-hostname zqscentos
echo "127.0.0.1     zqscentos" >>/etc/hosts

关闭selinux

sed -i "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/" /etc/selinux/config  
setenforce 0
reboot

安装依赖包

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

rpm -q binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXi libXtst make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel | grep "not installed"

创建用户和用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

配置内核参数/etc/sysctl.conf：vim /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

使内核参数生效：sysctl -p

配置系统资源限制/etc/security/limits.conf：vim /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle              soft    nproc   2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536

配置用户验证选项/etc/pam.d/login：vim /etc/pam.d/login

session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

配置用户配置文件/etc/profile：vim /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
       ulimit -p 16384
       ulimit -n 65536
    else
       ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
   fi
fi

生效：source /etc/profile

禁用使用Transparent HugePages

cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled//查看是否启用 如果显示 [always]说明启用了
echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled//禁用Transparent HugePages,在/etc/grub.conf添加如下内容

重启生效：reboot

mkdir -p /data/app/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/app/
chmod -R 775 /data/app/

配置oracle用户环境变量:vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile

umask 022
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=zqscentos
export ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
export PATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
export LC_ALL="en_US"
export LANG="en_US"
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"

重启生效：reboot

解压下载好的安装包

unzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /data
unzip -q linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /data
mkdir -p /data/etc
cp /data/database/response/* /data/etc/

配置/data/etc/db_install.rsp：vim /data/etc/db_install.rsp(已在share中备份)

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/app/oracle/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=zqscentos
ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/data/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba

开始安装（安装完成后先别回车退出，先执行15步）

su - oracle
cd /data/database
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /data/etc/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq

#可以查看安装日志，日志文件名称根据自己的实际执行时间变更
tail -f /data/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2019-01-02_06-03-30PM.log

另起一个窗口root权限执行

sh /data/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh

配置监听程序

su - oracle
netca /silent /responsefile /data/etc/netca.rsp

查看监听端口
netstat -tnpl | grep 1521

监听命令
启动监听：lsnrctl start //启动oracle监听，如果之前防火墙没关，还需要关闭防火墙。
停止监听：lsnrctl stop
重启监听：lsnrctl reload
查看监听：lsnrctl status

配置/data/etc/dbca.rsp：vim /data/etc/dbca.rsp

[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION =/data/app/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
TOTALMEMORY = "1638"

执行静默建库
dbca -silent -responseFile /data/etc/dbca.rsp
查看进程
ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep

CentOS7启动Oracle
su - oracle //切换到自己的oracle账户
lsnrctl start //启动oracle监听，如果之前防火墙没关，还需要关闭防火墙。
sqlplus /nolog //登录oracle
conn /as sysdba //连接服务
startup //启动服务

sqlplus / as sysdba 超级用户
select status from v$instance;
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file ‘/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initORCL.ora’
cp /data/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.5162020104212 initORCL.ora

startup报错
ORA-01102: cannot mount database in EXCLUSIVE mode 的处理方法
(https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/lzwgood/article/details/26368323)
[oracle@zqscentos ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs [oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ls
hc_DBUA0.dat hc_orcl.dat hc_ORCL.dat init.ora initORCL.ora lkORCL orapworcl spfileorcl.ora
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ls sgadef*
ls: cannot access sgadef*: No such file or directory
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ls lk*
lkORCL
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ rm lkORCL

再次tartup报错:ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ipcs -map
------ Message Queues PIDs --------
msqid owner lspid lrpid

------ Shared Memory Creator/Last-op PIDs --------
shmid owner cpid lpid
294912 oracle 4876 4976
327681 oracle 4876 4976
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ipcs -s
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0xcf39bf04 557056 oracle 660 154
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ipcrm -s 557056
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ipcs -s
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$ ipcs -map
------ Message Queues PIDs --------
msqid owner lspid lrpid
------ Shared Memory Creator/Last-op PIDs --------
shmid owner cpid lpid
[oracle@zqscentos dbs]$

激活scott用户
alter user scott account unlock;
alter user scott identified by tiger;
select username,account_status from dba_users;
配置开机自动启动监听、启动Oracle
su - root # 切换到 root 用户
vim /etc/oratab # 编辑
orcl:/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y

vim /etc/rc.local # 编辑
su - oracle -c ‘dbstart’
su - oracle -c ‘lsnrctl start’
chmod +x /etc/rc.local # 配置文件权限