网络编程

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-17 08:35:12 发布

zoujiemax

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-17 08:35:12 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zoujiemax/article/details/85627455

版权

本文深入探讨了网络编程中的TCP协议，包括TCP服务器的建立、TCP客户端的连接以及多个客户端之间的交互。同时，还介绍了UDP协议的服务器和客户端实现，以及如何在编程中实现并发处理。

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在这里插入图片描述

TCP收发信息
TCP服务器

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#define  PORT   9998

// 监听套接字
int init()
{
	int listen_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if(-1 == listen_socket)
	{
		perror("创建套接字失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr.sin_family      = AF_INET;             /* Internet地址族 */
	addr.sin_port        = htons(PORT);         /* 端口号 */
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);   /* IP地址, 绑定本地的所有ip地址*/

	int ret = bind(listen_socket, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
	if(-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("绑定失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// 3、监听套接字
	ret = listen(listen_socket, 5);
	if(-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("监听失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	return listen_socket;
}

// 通信套接字
int myAccept(int listen_socket)
{
	struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
	socklen_t  len = sizeof(client_addr);
	int client_socket = accept(listen_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);
	if (-1 == client_socket)
	{
		perror("accept  失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	printf ("客户端的 ip = %s, 端口 = %d\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port));
	
	
	return client_socket;
}

// 子线程负责写数据
void *write_data(void *v)
{
	int client_socket = *(int*)v;
	char buf[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		fgets(buf, 1024, stdin);
		write(client_socket, buf, strlen(buf));
	}	
}

// 主线程负责读数据
void read_data(int client_socket)
{
	char buf[1024] = {"asdsadsadsadsa"};
	while (1)
	{
		int ret = read(client_socket, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
		if (-1 == ret)
		{
			perror ("read error");
		}
		if (0 == ret)
		{
			printf ("客户端退出\n");
			break;
		}
		buf[ret] = '\0';
		printf ("%s\n", buf);
	}	
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int listen_socket = init();
	if (-1 == listen_socket)
		return;
	
	int client_socket = myAccept(listen_socket);

	pthread_t thread;
	pthread_create(&thread, NULL, write_data, (void *)&client_socket);

	
	read_data(client_socket);
	
	close(listen_socket);
	
	return 0;
}

TCP客户端

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>

// 子线程负责写数据
void *write_data(void *v)
{
	int client_socket = *(int*)v;
	char buf[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		fgets(buf, 1024, stdin);
		write(client_socket, buf, strlen(buf));
	}	
}

// 主线程负责读数据
void read_data(int client_socket)
{
	char buf[1024] = {"asdsadsadsadsa"};
	while (1)
	{
		int ret = read(client_socket, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
		if (-1 == ret)
		{
			perror ("read error");
		}
		if (0 == ret)
		{
			printf ("客户端退出\n");
			break;
		}
		buf[ret] = '\0';
		printf ("%s\n", buf);
	}	
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	// 1、创建套接字
	int conn_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if(-1 == conn_socket)
	{
		perror("创建套接字失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// 2、连接服务器
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr.sin_family      = AF_INET;                      /* Internet地址族 */
	addr.sin_port        = htons(atoi(argv[2]));         /*服务器用的端口号 */
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);           /*服务器用的IP地址 */
	int ret = connect(conn_socket, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
	if (-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("连接服务器失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	pthread_t thread;
	pthread_create(&thread, NULL, write_data, (void *)&conn_socket);
	
	read_data(conn_socket);
	
	close(conn_socket);
	
	return 0;
}

TCP客户端与客户端

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#define  PORT   9997

int socket_fd[2];

void *handl_client(void *v)
{
	long i = (long)v;
	
	char buf[1024] = {"asdsadsadsadsa"};
	while (1)
	{
		int ret = read(socket_fd[i], buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
		if (-1 == ret)
		{
			perror ("read error");
			break;
		}
		if (0 == ret)
		{
			printf ("客户端退出\n");
			break;
		}

		write(socket_fd[1-i], buf, ret);
	}	
}


// 监听套接字
int init()
{
	int listen_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	if(-1 == listen_socket)
	{
		perror("创建套接字失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr.sin_family      = AF_INET;             /* Internet地址族 */
	addr.sin_port        = htons(PORT);         /* 端口号 */
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);   /* IP地址, 绑定本地的所有ip地址*/

	int ret = bind(listen_socket, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
	if(-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("绑定失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	// 3、监听套接字
	ret = listen(listen_socket, 5);
	if(-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("监听失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	return listen_socket;
}

// 通信套接字
int myAccept(int listen_socket)
{
	struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
	socklen_t  len = sizeof(client_addr);
	int client_socket = accept(listen_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);
	if (-1 == client_socket)
	{
		perror("accept  失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	printf ("客户端的 ip = %s, 端口 = %d\n", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port));
	
	
	return client_socket;
}


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int listen_socket = init();
	if (-1 == listen_socket)
		return;
	
	long i = 0;
	while (i < 2)
	{
		socket_fd[i] = myAccept(listen_socket);
		if (-1 == socket_fd[i])
		{
			continue;
		}
		
		// 开辟线程为客户端服务
		pthread_t thread;
		pthread_create(&thread, NULL, handl_client, (void *)i);
		
		
		pthread_detach(thread);   // 线程分离
		i++;
	}
	
	
	close(listen_socket);

	pthread_exit(NULL);
	return 0;
}

UDP服务器

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#define  PORT   9998

void handl_client(char *buf)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < strlen(buf)-1; i++)
	{
		buf[i] += 'A' - 'a';
	}
}


int init()
{
	int conm_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if(-1 == conm_socket)
	{
		perror("创建套接字失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr.sin_family      = AF_INET;             /* Internet地址族 */
	addr.sin_port        = htons(PORT);         /* 端口号 */
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);   /* IP地址, 绑定本地的所有ip地址*/

	int ret = bind(conm_socket, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
	if(-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("绑定失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	return conm_socket;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int conm_socket = init();
	if (-1 == conm_socket)
		return;
	
	char buf[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
		socklen_t  len = sizeof(client_addr);
		ssize_t ret = recvfrom(conm_socket, buf, 1023, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);// 收
		buf[ret] = '\0';
		handl_client(buf);     // 处理
		
		sendto(conm_socket, buf, ret, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr,  len);// 回
	}
	
	
	return 0;
}

UDP客户端

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>

// 子线程负责写数据
void *write_data(void *v)
{
	int conm_socket = *(int*)v;
	
	char buf[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
		socklen_t  len = sizeof(client_addr);
		ssize_t ret = recvfrom(conm_socket, buf, 1023, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);// 收
		if (-1 == ret)
		{
			perror ("read error");
		}
		if (0 == ret)
		{
			printf ("客户端退出\n");
			break;
		}
		buf[ret] = '\0';
		printf ("%s\n", buf);
	}	
}

// 主线程负责读数据
void read_data(int conm_socket, char **argv)
{

	// 接收方的地址
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr.sin_family      = AF_INET;                      /* Internet地址族 */
	addr.sin_port        = htons(atoi(argv[2]));         /*服务器用的端口号 */
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);           /*服务器用的IP地址 */
	
	char buf[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		fgets(buf, 1024, stdin);
		sendto(conm_socket, buf, strlen(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr,  sizeof(addr));
	}	
	
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	// 1、创建套接字
	int conn_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if(-1 == conn_socket)
	{
		perror("创建套接字失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	pthread_t thread;
	pthread_create(&thread, NULL, write_data, (void *)&conn_socket);
	
	read_data(conn_socket, argv);
	
	close(conn_socket);
	
	return 0;
}

并发

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>          /* See NOTES */
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#define  PORT   9998

int conm_socket; 

typedef struct _msg
{
	char buf[256];
	struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
}Msg;

Msg task[100];   // 任务
int front = 0;
int rear  = 0;


pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;  // 互斥锁
pthread_cond_t cond1;    // 条件变量


void handl_client(Msg *data)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < strlen(data->buf)-1; i++)
	{
		data->buf[i] += 'A' - 'a';
	}
	
	sendto(conm_socket, data->buf, strlen(data->buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&(data->client_addr),  sizeof(data->client_addr));// 回
}

int init()
{
	int conm_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if(-1 == conm_socket)
	{
		perror("创建套接字失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	struct sockaddr_in addr;
	memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
	addr.sin_family      = AF_INET;             /* Internet地址族 */
	addr.sin_port        = htons(PORT);         /* 端口号 */
	addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);   /* IP地址, 绑定本地的所有ip地址*/

	int ret = bind(conm_socket, (const struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
	if(-1 == ret)
	{
		perror("绑定失败");
		return -1;
	}
	
	return conm_socket;
}

void *consume(void *v)
{
	while (1)
	{
		Msg data;
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
		while (rear == front)
		{
			pthread_cond_wait(&cond1, &mutex);
		}
		
		front = (front+1)%20;
		data = task[front];
		
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
		
		handl_client(&data);
	}
}

void  produce()
{
	char buf[1024];
	while (1)
	{
		struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
		socklen_t  len = sizeof(client_addr);
		ssize_t ret = recvfrom(conm_socket, buf, 1023, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&client_addr, &len);// 收
		buf[ret] = '\0';
		
		printf ("[%s:%d] %s", inet_ntoa(client_addr.sin_addr), ntohs(client_addr.sin_port), buf);
		
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
		
		if ((rear+1)%20 == front)
			continue;
		
		rear = (rear+1)%20;
		strcpy(task[rear].buf, buf);
		task[rear].client_addr = client_addr;
		
		pthread_cond_broadcast(&cond1);     // 广播
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);	
	}
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	long i;
	pthread_t thread;
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		pthread_create(&thread, NULL, consume, (void*)(i+1));
		pthread_detach(thread);
	}
	
	pthread_cond_init(&cond1, NULL);
	
	conm_socket = init();
	if (-1 == conm_socket)
		return;
	
	produce();
	
	return 0;
}