在移植Linux时,有个结构体需要填写,它以MACHINE_START开始并以MACHINE_END结束,如下mini2440开发板的移植为示例
[cpp]
- MACHINE_START(MINI2440, "MINI2440")
- .phys_io = S3C2410_PA_UART,
- .io_pg_offst = (((u32)S3C24XX_VA_UART) >> 18) & 0xfffc,
- .boot_params = S3C2410_SDRAM_PA + 0x100,
- .map_io = mini2440_map_io,
- .init_machine = mini2440_init,
- .init_irq = s3c24xx_init_irq,
- .timer = &s3c24xx_timer,
- MACHINE_END
其中MACHINE_START、MACHINE_END都是定义的宏,代码如下
[cpp]
- /*
- * Set of macros to define architecture features. This is built into
- * a table by the linker.
- */
- #define MACHINE_START(_type,_name) \
- static const struct machine_desc __mach_desc_##_type \
- __used \
- __attribute__((__section__(".arch.info.init"))) = { \
- .nr = MACH_TYPE_##_type, \
- .name = _name,
- #define MACHINE_END \
- };
由上代码可知这两个宏一起定义了一个类型为struct machine_desc的变量,结构体定义如下
[cpp]
- struct machine_desc {
- /*
- * Note! The first four elements are used
- * by assembler code in head.S, head-common.S
- */
- unsigned int nr; /* architecture number */
- unsigned int phys_io; /* start of physical io */
- unsigned int io_pg_offst; /* byte offset for io
- * page tabe entry */
- const char *name; /* architecture name */
- unsigned long boot_params; /* tagged list */
- unsigned int video_start; /* start of video RAM */
- unsigned int video_end; /* end of video RAM */
- unsigned int reserve_lp0 :1; /* never has lp0 */
- unsigned int reserve_lp1 :1; /* never has lp1 */
- unsigned int reserve_lp2 :1; /* never has lp2 */
- unsigned int soft_reboot :1; /* soft reboot */
- void (*fixup)(struct machine_desc *,
- struct tag *, char **,
- struct meminfo *);
- void (*map_io)(void);/* IO mapping function */
- void (*init_irq)(void);
- struct sys_timer *timer; /* system tick timer */
- void (*init_machine)(void);
- };
这个类型的变量放在内核代码段.arch.info.init中,在内核运行初期,被函数lookup_machine_type(此函数用汇编实现,在汇编文件中)取出,读取流程为
Start_kernel() -> setup_arch() -> setup_machine()-> lookup_machine_type()-------??没找到
在函数setup_machine()中,利用这个结构体类型的变量初始化一些全局变量,以备内核运行时使用,比如
init_arch_irq =mdesc->init_irq;
system_timer = mdesc->timer;
init_machine = mdesc->init_machine;
这个结构体中,成员init_machine保存的是开发板资源注册的初始化代码,init_irq保存的是中断初始化指针,timer保存的是一个struct sys_timer类型的指针…..如果我们要给自己的开发板定制内核,那么我们必须自己实现以上成员函数,其中函数init_machine()是我们向内核传递开发板设备信息的重要的常规途径,分析mini2440开发板内核移植代码知道,在这个函数中,注册了开发板所用到的所有设备的相关硬件信息!
[cpp]
- static void __init mini2440_init(void)
- {
- struct mini2440_features_t features = { 0 };
- int i;
- printk(KERN_INFO "MINI2440: Option string mini2440=%s\n",
- mini2440_features_str);
- /* Parse the feature string */
- mini2440_parse_features(&features, mini2440_features_str);
- /* turn LCD on */
- s3c_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPC(0), S3C2410_GPC0_LEND);
- /* Turn the backlight early on */
- WARN_ON(gpio_request(S3C2410_GPG(4), "backlight"));
- gpio_direction_output(S3C2410_GPG(4), 1);
- /* remove pullup on optional PWM backlight -- unused on 3.5 and 7"s */
- s3c_gpio_setpull(S3C2410_GPB(1), S3C_GPIO_PULL_UP);
- s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPB(1), 0);
- s3c_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPB(1), S3C2410_GPIO_INPUT);
- /* Make sure the D+ pullup pin is output */
- WARN_ON(gpio_request(S3C2410_GPC(5), "udc pup"));
- gpio_direction_output(S3C2410_GPC(5), 0);
- /* mark the key as input, without pullups (there is one on the board) */
- for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mini2440_buttons); i++) {
- s3c_gpio_setpull(mini2440_buttons[i].gpio, S3C_GPIO_PULL_UP);
- s3c_gpio_cfgpin(mini2440_buttons[i].gpio, S3C2410_GPIO_INPUT);
- }
- if (features.lcd_index != -1) {
- int li;
- mini2440_fb_info.displays =
- &mini2440_lcd_cfg[features.lcd_index];
- printk(KERN_INFO "MINI2440: LCD");
- for (li = 0; li < ARRAY_SIZE(mini2440_lcd_cfg); li++)
- if (li == features.lcd_index)
- printk(" [%d:%dx%d]", li,
- mini2440_lcd_cfg[li].width,
- mini2440_lcd_cfg[li].height);
- else
- printk(" %d:%dx%d", li,
- mini2440_lcd_cfg[li].width,
- mini2440_lcd_cfg[li].height);
- printk("\n");
- s3c24xx_fb_set_platdata(&mini2440_fb_info);
- }
- s3c24xx_udc_set_platdata(&mini2440_udc_cfg);
- s3c24xx_mci_set_platdata(&mini2440_mmc_cfg);
- s3c_nand_set_platdata(&mini2440_nand_info);
- s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(NULL);
- i2c_register_board_info(0, mini2440_i2c_devs,
- ARRAY_SIZE(mini2440_i2c_devs));
- platform_add_devices(mini2440_devices, ARRAY_SIZE(mini2440_devices));
- if (features.count) /* the optional features */
- platform_add_devices(features.optional, features.count);
- }
那么成员函数init_machine什么时候被调用呢?
在函数setup_machine()中有一条语句init_machine =mdesc->init_machine;其中init_machine为全局函数指针变量,此变量在函数customize_machine()中被调用,代码如下所示:
[cpp]
- static int __init customize_machine(void)
- {
- /* customizes platform devices, or adds new ones */
- if (init_machine)
- init_machine();
- return 0;
- }
- arch_initcall(customize_machine);
在MACHINE_START与MACHINE_END之间还要填写一些参数,参照结构体注释小心填写即可,最好找个例子参考参考。
源文档 <http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/cxw3506/article/details/8475965>