《Servlet学习笔记》Servlet接口实现类

    Servlet接口SUN公司定义了两个默认实现类，分别为：GenericServlet、HttpServlet。

    HttpServlet指能够处理HTTP请求的Servlet，它在原有Servlet接口上添加了一些与HTTP协议处理方法，它比Servlet接口的功能更为强大。因此开发人员在开发Servlet的时候，通常应该继承这个类，而避免直接去实现Servlet接口。

    HttpServlet在实现Servlet接口时，覆写了service方法，该方法体内的代码会自动判断用户的请求方式，如为GET请求，则调用HttpServlet的doGet方法，如为POST请求，则调用doPost方法。因此，开发人员在编写Servlet时，通常只需要覆写doGet或doPost方法，而不要去覆写service方法。

Servlet在线API http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-5.5-doc/servletapi/

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public abstract class GenericServlet extends java.lang.Object implements Servlet, ServletConfig, java.io.Serializable

Defines a generic, protocol-independent servlet. To write an HTTP servlet for use on the Web, extend HttpServlet instead.

GenericServlet implements the Servlet and ServletConfig interfaces. GenericServlet may be directly extended by a servlet, although it's more common to extend a protocol-specific subclass such as HttpServlet.

GenericServlet makes writing servlets easier. It provides simple versions of the lifecycle methods init and destroy and of the methods in the ServletConfig interface. GenericServlet also implements the log method, declared in the ServletContext interface.

To write a generic servlet, you need only override the abstract service method.

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public abstract class HttpServlet extends GenericServlet implements java.io.Serializable

Provides an abstract class to be subclassed to create an HTTP servlet suitable for a Web site. A subclass of HttpServlet must override at least one method, usually one of these:

• doGet, if the servlet supports HTTP GET requests

• doPost, for HTTP POST requests

• doPut, for HTTP PUT requests

• doDelete, for HTTP DELETE requests

• init and destroy, to manage resources that are held for the life of the servlet

• getServletInfo, which the servlet uses to provide information about itself

There's almost no reason to override the service method. service handles standard HTTP requests by dispatching them to the handler methods for each HTTP request type (the doXXX methods listed above).

Likewise, there's almost no reason to override the doOptions and doTrace methods.

Servlets typically run on multithreaded servers, so be aware that a servlet must handle concurrent requests and be careful to synchronize access to shared resources. Shared resources include in-memory data such as instance or class variables and external objects such as files, database connections, and network connections. See the Java Tutorial on Multithreaded Programming for more information on handling multiple threads in a Java program.