Android--之通过Http协议上传文件

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-27 01:56:33 发布

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#struts2 #android开发

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本文介绍了如何在Android应用中通过Http协议上传不超过2M的文件到Struts2服务器。服务器端使用Struts2进行文件接收和存储，客户端利用FormFile封装文件并借助SocketHttpRequester类构造Http请求头信息进行文件上传。

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由于是采用Http协议上传文件所以上传文件大小有限，根据各个服务器的设置而定，本例上传的文件不要大于2M

服务器端

服务器端采用struts2技术，只是简单的接收存储文件。

struts.xml配置文件主要内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>

  <package name="liang" namespace="/web" extends="struts-default">
  	<action name="file*" class="cn.liang.action.FileAction"  method="{1}">
  		<result  name="success">/message.jsp</result>
  	</action>
  </package>
   
</struts>

FileAction的主要代码如下

public class FileAction {
	 private VideoForm videoForm;

	 public VideoForm getVideoForm() {
		return videoForm;
	}
	public void setVideoForm(VideoForm videoForm) {
		this.videoForm = videoForm;
	}

	public String execute() throws Exception{
		String realpath = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/uploadFile");
		System.out.println(realpath);
		System.out.println(videoForm.getTitle());
		System.out.println(videoForm.getTimelength());
		File file = new File(realpath);
		if(!file.exists())
			file.mkdirs();
		FileUtils.copyFile(videoForm.getUploadfile(), new File(file, videoForm.getUploadfileFileName()));
		return "success";
	  }
}

表单类VideoForm代码如下：

public class VideoForm {
	
	private String title;	
	private Integer timelength;
	private File uploadfile;//得到上传的文件
        private String uploadfileContentType;//得到文件的类型
    private String uploadfileFileName;//得到文件的名称
    
	。。。。。。。。省略了get和set方法

}

Android客户端代码：

UI主界面：要上传的文件(enter.wav)先在sdcard卡中放好

上传的文件用FormFile类封装，通过SocketHttpRequester类的post方法发送文件到服务器端

UpLoadFileActivity中的代码如下：

public class UpLoadFileActivity extends Activity {

    private static final String TAG = "UpLoadFileActivity";
    private EditText timelengthText;
    private EditText titleText;
    private EditText videoText;
    private Handler handler;
    private FormFile formfile;
    private Map<String, String> params;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.uploadfile_main);
        
       Button button = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btsubmit);
       timelengthText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.etlength);
       videoText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.etfile);
       titleText = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.ettitle);
       handler = new Handler(){

		@Override
		public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
			
			if( msg.what == 0x11)
			{
				if( msg.arg1 == 1)
					Toast.makeText(UpLoadFileActivity.this, R.string.success, 1).show();
				if( msg.arg1 == 2)
					Toast.makeText(UpLoadFileActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();
			}
		}
    	   
       };
    	   
       button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				
				String title = titleText.getText().toString();
				String timelength = timelengthText.getText().toString();
				params = new HashMap<String, String>();
				params.put("videoForm.title", title);           // struts2中复合类型参数赋值
				params.put("videoForm.timelength", timelength);
				// 判断sdcard是否存在
				if(!Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
				{
					Toast.makeText(UpLoadFileActivity.this, R.string.nosdcard, 1).show();
					return;
				}
				// 在sdcard中找到视频文件
				File uploadFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), videoText.getText().toString());
				/*构造表单文件类           文件名称    上传文件      请求参数名称          文件类型  */
				 formfile = new FormFile("enter.wav", uploadFile, "videoForm.uploadfile", "audio/mpeg");
				
				new Thread(new Runnable() {
					@Override
					public void run() {
						Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
						message.what= 0x11;
						try {
						SocketHttpRequester.post("http://172.19.68.65:8080/WebService/web/fileexecute.action", params, formfile);
							message.arg1 = 1;
							handler.sendMessage(message);
						}catch (Exception e) {
							message.arg1 = 2;
							handler.sendMessage(message);Log.e(TAG, e.toString());
						}
					}
				}).start();
				
			}
		});
    }
}

上传文件封装类FormFile代码

public class FormFile {
		/* 上传文件的数据 */
		private byte[] data;
		private InputStream inStream;
		private File file;
		/* 文件名称 */
		private String filname;
		/* 请求参数名称*/
		private String parameterName;
		/* 内容类型 */
		private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
		
		public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
			this.data = data;
			this.filname = filname;
			this.parameterName = parameterName;
			if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
		}
		
		public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
			this.filname = filname;
			this.parameterName = parameterName;
			this.file = file;
			try {
				this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
		}
		
	  。。。。。。。。省略了get和set方法
		
	}

在浏览器上上传文件时，浏览器会自动把一些头信息和内容组织好发给服务器，但是在Android客户端，就需要自己写Http协议头信息和发送内容：

浏览器的请求发送信息如下：

所以SocketHttpRequester中post方法要实现上面的请求信息

SocketHttpRequester 的主要代码

public class SocketHttpRequester {
/**
	 * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
	 *   <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
			<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
			<INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
			<input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
		    <input type="file" name="zip"/>
		 </FORM>
	 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
	 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
	 * @param file 上传文件
	 */
	public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{     
        final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线
        final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志
        
        int fileDataLength = 0;
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
        	StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
 	        fileExplain.append("--");
 	        fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
 	        fileExplain.append("\r\n");
 	        fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
 	        fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
 	        fileExplain.append("\r\n");
 	        fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
        	if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
        		fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
	 	    }else{
	 	    	fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
	 	    }
        }
        StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
            textEntity.append("--");
            textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
            textEntity.append("\r\n");
            textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
            textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
            textEntity.append("\r\n");
        }
        //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
        int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;
        
        URL url = new URL(path);
        int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);	       
        OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
        String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
        outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
        String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
        outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
        String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
        outStream.write(language.getBytes());
        String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
        outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
        String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
        outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
        String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
        outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
        String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
        outStream.write(host.getBytes());
        //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
        outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
        //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
        outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());	       
        //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
        for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
        	StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
 	        fileEntity.append("--");
 	        fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
 	        fileEntity.append("\r\n");
 	        fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
 	        fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
 	        outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
 	        if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
 	        	byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
 	        	int len = 0;
 	        	while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
 	        		outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
 	        	}
 	        	uploadFile.getInStream().close();
 	        }else{
 	        	outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
 	        }
 	        outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
        }
        //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束
        outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
        
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
        if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败
        	return false;
        }
        outStream.flush();
        outStream.close();
        reader.close();
        socket.close();
        return true;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 提交数据到服务器
	 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
	 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
	 * @param file 上传文件
	 */
	public static boolean post(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
	   return post(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
	}
}

访问网络和sdcard权限

<!-- 访问internet权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<!-- 在SDCard中创建与删除文件权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
<!-- 往SDCard写入数据权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>