rails 上载xls文件

最新推荐文章于 2017-09-02 01:19:11 发布

zimo1231

最新推荐文章于 2017-09-02 01:19:11 发布

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分类专栏： rails ruby web 文章标签： rails

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本文介绍如何使用Rails框架实现文件上传功能，并通过Spreadsheet gem解析上传的XLS文件来批量创建数据库记录。文章详细展示了视图和控制器的代码示例，并提供了错误处理的方法。

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以下两种form都可以上载文件（http://guides.rails.info/form_helpers.html#what-gets-uploaded）

第一种

<%= form_tag({:action => :upload}, :multipart => true) do %>
  <%= file_field_tag 'picture' %>
<% end %>

第二种

<%= form_for @person do |f| %>
  <%= f.file_field :picture %>
<% end %>

controller中

def upload
  uploaded_io = params[:person][:picture]
  File.open(Rails.root.join('public', 'uploads', uploaded_io.original_filename), 'w') do |file|
    file.write(uploaded_io.read)
  end
end

实例：

涉及到xls读入并创建记录

view中

<%= form_for(@part, :url => {:action => "upload"}) do |f| %>
  <%= f.file_field :xls_file%>
  <%= f.submit %>
<% end %

controller中

  def upload
    begin
      if params[:part][:xls_file]
        uploaded_io = params[:part][:xls_file]
        workbook = Spreadsheet.open(uploaded_io.tempfile)
        sheet = workbook.worksheet 0
        Part.transaction do
          sheet.each do |row|
            if row[0].is_a?(Float)
              part = Part.create!(:name=>row[1], :project_id => params[:part][:project_id], :size=>row[3], :material=>row[4], :quantity=>row[5].to_i, :weight=>row[6], :description=>row[8])
            end
          end
          redirect_to ......
        end
      else
        raise Errno::error #在没有选择导入文件直接点击上载时抛出一个异常
      end
    rescue => err
      logger.error(err)
      redirect_to ......
    end
  end

对上述controller中的处理增加出错提示、方便使用者定位自己的导入文件的错误

  def upload
    part = Part.new
    begin
      if params[:part][:xls_file]
        uploaded_io = params[:part][:xls_file]
        workbook = Spreadsheet.open(uploaded_io.tempfile)
        sheet = workbook.worksheet 0
        error_location = 0          #记录出错位置
        Part.transaction do
          sheet.each do |row|
            error_location += 1
            if row[7].is_a?(Float)
              chart = Chart.find_or_create_by_name(row[1])
              category = Category.find_by_name(row[2])
              part = Part.new(
                :project_id  => params[:part][:project_id],
                :number      => row[0],
                :chart_id    => chart.id,
                :category_id => category.id,
                :name        => row[3],
                :quantity    => row[6].to_i,
                :weight      => row[7].to_f,
                :description => row[9])
              unless part.valid?
                raise part.errors.full_messages
              else
                part.save
              end
            end
          end
          redirect_to parts_path(:project_id => params[:part][:project_id]), :notice => I18n.t("flash.parts.upload_success.notice")
        end
      else
        raise "import empty!"
      end
    rescue => err
      #将出错信息记录到log中
      logger.error("#{error_location} row Error!")
      logger.error(part.errors.full_messages)
      logger.error(err)
      #将错误信息显示到页面
      if part.errors.blank?
        error_message = "没有选择导入文件！"
      else
        error_message = "导入失败！第#{error_location}行出错：" + part.errors.full_messages.to_s
      end
      redirect_to :back, :notice => error_message
    end
  end

The Spreadsheet Library：http://spreadsheet.rubyforge.org/GUIDE_txt.html