Python列表

1.列表定义

>>> member=[1,2,3,'hello']
>>> member
[1, 2, 3, 'hello']
>>>

2.列表插入(append,insert,extend)

a) 向后插入append

>>> member.append(4)
>>> member
[1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4]
>>>

b) 向前插入insert

>>> member.insert(0,5)
>>> member
[5, 1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4]
>>>

c) 向后插入多个extend

>>> member.extend([6,7])
>>> member
[5, 1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]

3.列表元素删除(remove,del,pop)

a) remove删除

[5, 1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]
>>> member.remove(5)
>>> member
[1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]

b) del删除

[1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]
>>> del member[0]
>>> member
[2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]

c) pop删除

[2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]
>>> member.pop()
7
>>> member
[2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6]
>>>

pop是出栈的意思，列表是使用栈的思想存放的

d) pop特定的元素，第1个元素出栈

[2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6]
>>> member.pop(0)
2
>>> member
[3, 'hello', 4, 6]

3.列表元素提取

[1, 2, 3, 'hello', 4, 6, 7]
>>> member[0]
1
>>>

4.列表分片

[3, 'hello', 4, 6]
>>> member[1:3]
['hello', 4]
>>> member
[3, 'hello', 4, 6]

原有的列表不会改变，获得一个新的列表

>>> member[:3]
[3, 'hello', 4]
>>>

包含第一个开始到第三个的元素

>>> member[1:]
['hello', 4, 6]
>>>

包含第二个开始到最后一个元素

>>> member2=member[:]
>>> member2
[3, 'hello', 4, 6]
>>>

获得member的拷贝