Appium自动化常用的API接口

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-13 14:43:07 发布

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本文详细介绍了Appium自动化测试中常用的核心API接口，包括创建和结束会话、页面操作、设备控制、元素交互、日志管理和性能数据获取等。通过这些接口，可以实现对移动应用的全面自动化测试。

创建新的会话（session）

#python Android
from appium import webdriver
desired_caps = {
'platformName': 'Android',
'platformVersion': '7.0',
'deviceName': 'Android Emulator',
'automationName': 'UiAutomator2',
'app': PATH('/path/to/app')
}
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)

#python IOS 篇
from appium import webdriver
disapp = {
    "platformName": "ios",
    "platformVersion": "13.3",
    "app": "/Users/lileilei/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/KnowingLife-algbavbxvxbalpfghgvtdxzyehwr/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator/KnowingLife.app",
    "automationName": "XCUITest",
    "udid": "6A367568-AE13-49A0-BEE2-3B1AD623AB3E",
    "deviceName": "iPhone 11 Pro Max"
}
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://0.0.0.0:4723/wd/hub', disapp)

终止会话

driver.quit()

后退

driver.back()

屏幕截图

screenshotBase64 = self.driver.get_screenshot_as_base64()

获得页面源码

source = self.driver.page_source

设置超时

driver.set_page_load_timeout(8000)

设置隐式等待超时时间

driver.implicitly_wait(5)

设置脚本超时时间

driver.set_script_timeout(8000)

获取显示方面，横屏竖屏

orientation = driver.orientation

设置显示方向

driver.orientation = "LANDSCAPE"

获得地理位置

location = driver.location()

设置地理位置

driver.set_location(53, 173, 40)

获得可用的日志类型

log_types = driver.log_types

获得日志对象

logs = driver.get_log('driver')

记录事件

driver.log_event('appium', 'funEvent')

获取事件

driver.get_events()
driver.get_events(['event1', 'event2'])

更新设备的设置项

driver.update_settings({"sample": "value"}))

提取设备的设置项

driver.get_settings

启动Activity

driver.start_activity("com.example", "ActivityName")

获取当前的Activity名称

driver.current_activity

获取当前的包名

driver.current_package

安装应用

driver.install_app('/Users/johndoe/path/to/app.apk')

检查设备上是否安装了指定的应用程序

driver.is_app_installed('com.example.AppName')

启动应用

driver.launch_app()

应用置后台

driver.background_app()

关闭app

driver.close_app()

重置应用

driver.reset()

删除应用

driver.remove_app('com.example.AppName')

获取剪贴板

self.driver.get_clipboard()
self.driver.get_clipboard_text()

设置剪贴板

self.driver.set_clipboard('happy testing')
self.driver.set_clipboard_text('happy testing')

推送文件

dest_path = '/data/local/tmp/test_push_file.txt'
data = bytes('This is the contents of the file to push to the device.', 'utf-8'
)
driver.push_file(dest_path, base64.b64encode(data).decode('utf-8'))

拉取文件

driver.pull_file('/path/to/device/foo.bar')

拉取文件夹

driver.pull_folder('/path/to/device/')

摇一摇

driver.shake()

锁定

driver.lock()

解锁

driver.unlock()

设备是否锁定

driver.is_locked()

按键Code

driver.press_keycode(10)

隐藏键盘

driver.hide_keyboard()

是否显示键盘

driver.is_keyboard_shown()

切换WiFi

driver.toggle_wifi()

切换定位服务

driver.toggle_location_services()

发送短信(只支持模拟器)

driver.send_sms('18866668888', 'hello')

拨打电话(只支持模拟器)

driver.make_gsm_call('18866668888', GsmCallActions.CALL)

网络速度

driver.set_network_speed(NetSpeed.LTE)

获取性能数据，返回支持读取的系统状态信息，例如cpu，内存，网络流量和电池信息

driver.get_performance_data('my.app.package', 'cpuinfo', 5)

获取性能数据类型

driver.get_performance_data_types()

开始屏幕录制

driver.start_recording_screen()

打开通知(仅模拟器)

driver.open_notifications()

获取系统栏

driver.get_system_bars()

获取系统时间

time = driver.device_time
time = driver.get_device_time()
time = driver.get_device_time("YYYY-MM-DD")

元素查找

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('SomeAccessibilityID')

元素组查找

driver.find_elements_by_accessibility_id('SomeAccessibilityID')

元素点击

el = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('')
el.click();

发送key

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').send_keys('Hello world!')

清理值

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').clear()

获取元素的文本

e1=driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1')
text = el.text

获取标签名

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').tag_name

获得元素属性

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').get_attribute('content-desc')

元素被选中

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').is_selected()

元素是否可操作性

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').is_enabled()

元素是否可见

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').is_displayed()

获得元素定位

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').location

获取元素大小

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').size

获取元素矩形

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1')

获取CSS元素的值

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1').value_of_css_property("style")

获取视图中的元素位置

element = self.driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1')
element.location_in_view

表单提交

el = self.driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id('com.android.calculator2:id/digit_1')
el.submit()

获取焦点元素

driver.switch_to.active_element

获取当前Context

context = driver.current_context

设置当前Context

webview = driver.contexts[1]
driver.switch_to.context(webview)

移动到点

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.move_to(element, 10, 10)
actions.perform()

Click单击

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.move_to_element(element)
actions.click()
actions.perform()

双击

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.move_to_element(element)
actions.double_click()
actions.perform()

轻按屏幕启用设备

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.tap(element)
actions.perform()

双击

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.double_tap(element)
actions.perform()

手指在屏幕上移动

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.tap_and_hold(element)
actions.move_to(element, 50, 50)
actions.perform()

手指长按触摸屏的事件

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.long_press(element)
actions.perform()

手指在触摸屏上滚动的运动事件

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.scroll_from_element(element, 10, 100)
actions.scroll(10, 100)
actions.perform()

手指在触摸屏上滑动的动作事件

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.flick_element(element, 1, 10, 10)
actions.perform()

执行多点触控动作序列

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
from appium.webdriver.common.multi_action import MultiAction
a1 = TouchAction()
a1.press(10, 20)
a1.move_to(10, 200)
a1.release()
a2 = TouchAction()
a2.press(10, 10)
a2.move_to(10, 100)
a2.release()
ma = MultiAction(self.driver)
ma.add(a1, a2)
ma.perform()

执行触摸动作序列

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
actions = TouchAction(driver)
actions.tap_and_hold(20, 20)
actions.move_to(10, 100)
actions.release()
actions.perform()

切换窗口

driver.switch_to.window("handle")

关闭窗口

driver.close()

获取窗口句柄

driver.current_window_handle()

获取窗口所有的句柄

driver.window_handles()

获取标题

driver.title

获取窗口大小

driver.get_window_size()

设置窗口大小

driver.set_window_size(10, 10)

获取窗口位置

handle_one_position = self.driver.get_window_position()
handle_two_position = self.driver.get_window_position("handleName")

设置窗口位置

driver.set_window_position(10, 10)

最大化窗口

driver.maximize_window()

回退

driver.back()

前进

driver.forward()
` ` `  
96. 刷新
```python
driver.refresh()

获取所有 Cookies(仅是 Web context)

driver.get_cookies()

设置 Cookie (仅是 Web context)

driver.add_cookie({name: 'foo', value: 'bar'})

删除 Cookie

driver.delete_cookie("cookie_name")

删除所有 Cookies

driver.delete_all_cookies()

切换Frame

driver.switch_to.frame(3)

切换到父Frame

driver.switch_to.parent()

执行异步脚本

driver.execute_async_script(‘document.title’）

执行脚本

driver.execute_script(‘document.title’)

补充常见的元素定位方式

driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id()
driver.find_element_by_android_uiautomator("new UiSelector().resourceId(\"com.oupeng.mini.android:id/search_engine_title")")
driver.find_element_by_class_name()#class属性是classname
driver.find_element_by_id()
driver.find_element_by_ios_class_chain()
driver.find_element_by_ios_predicate()#仅支持iOS10以上，可以多个属性同时定位
driver.find_element_by_ios_uiautomation()
driver.find_element_by_link_text()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector()
driver.find_element_by_xpath()
driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text()
driver.find_element_by_tag_name()
driver.find_element_by_name()#text属性是name