在Android开发当中,进行网络访问加载一个网页的时候就需要用到一个WebView来进行显示,这样可以使得我们的App更为灵活。今天来介绍一下Android中WebView的几种用法。
基本用法
1.WebView带加载进度条显示:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mProgressBar.setMax(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); mWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 设置WebViewClient用来接收不同的通知和请求</span> mWebView.setWebViewClient(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> WebViewClient() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">shouldOverrideUrlLoading</span>(WebView view, String url) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在开始加载的方法中显示进度条</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPageStarted</span>(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon); mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在结束加载的方法中设置进度条不可见</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPageFinished</span>(WebView view, String url) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onPageFinished(view, url); mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); } }); mWebView.setWebChromeClient(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> WebChromeClient() { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//得到加载进度,newProgress为100表示加载完成</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onProgressChanged</span>(WebView view, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> newProgress) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress); mProgressBar.setProgress(newProgress); } }); mWebView.loadUrl(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://m.baidu.com"</span>);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li></ul>
2.拦截加载错误信息:
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebview.setWebViewClient(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> WebViewClient() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onReceivedError</span>(WebView view, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> errorCode, String description, String failingUrl) { Toast.makeText(activity, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Oh no! "</span> + description, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } });</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
3.使WebView支持缩放:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setBuiltInZoomControls</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
4.使WebView支持回退:
通过复写Activity的onBackPressed方法,如果WebView可以回退则首先调用WebView的回退方法;
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onBackPressed</span>() { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mWebView != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && mWebView.canGoBack()) { mWebView.goBack(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onBackPressed(); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
利用WebView进行Java与JS交互
1.首先设置WebView支持javascript:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setJavaScriptEnabled</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
2.在JS中调用Java方法:通过WebView的addJavaScriptInterface(Object, String)方法;该String值表示在JS中调用的类名。
3.在Java中调用JS方法:WebView.loadUrl(“javascript:+方法名(方法参数)”);
4.注意:在JS中调用Java方法可以获得返回值,在Java中调用JS方法不能得到返回值。
示例:在下面的代码中我们首先在加载完成后,在Java中调用了JS的call_js方法显示一个网页对话框,接着在网页中当我们点击按钮时会调用Java的send方法。显示效果如下:
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.example.webviewtest; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.annotation.SuppressLint; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.app.Activity; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.graphics.Bitmap; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Bundle; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.view.View; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.webkit.WebChromeClient; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.webkit.WebView; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.webkit.WebViewClient; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.widget.ProgressBar; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.widget.Toast; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">TestJSActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Activity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> ProgressBar mProgressBar; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> WebView mWebView; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String url = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"file:///android_asset/index.html"</span>; <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@SuppressLint</span>({ <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"SetJavaScriptEnabled"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"JavascriptInterface"</span> }) <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_testjs); mWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.js_webView); mProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.js_progress); mProgressBar.setMax(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); mWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>); mWebView.setWebViewClient(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> WebViewClient() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">shouldOverrideUrlLoading</span>(WebView view, String url) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onReceivedError</span>(WebView view, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> errorCode, String description, String failingUrl) { Toast.makeText(TestJSActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Error: "</span> + description, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPageStarted</span>(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onPageStarted(view, url, favicon); mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPageFinished</span>(WebView view, String url) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onPageFinished(view, url); mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 在Java中调用js方法,无法取得方法返回值</span> mWebView.loadUrl(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"javascript:call_js('call js in android')"</span>); } }); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 在JS中调用Java方法,第二个参数表示了在JS方法中调用的类名</span> mWebView.addJavascriptInterface(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Object() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">send</span>(String message) { Toast.makeText(TestJSActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, message, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT) .show(); } }, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"WebViewObject"</span>); mWebView.setWebChromeClient(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> WebChromeClient() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onProgressChanged</span>(WebView view, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> newProgress) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress); mProgressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE); mProgressBar.setProgress(newProgress); } }); mWebView.loadUrl(url); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li></ul>
JS的代码:
<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-doctype" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><!DOCTYPE html></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://www.w3.org/1999/html"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">title</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">head</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">input</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"button"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">value</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"webview_js"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">onclick</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"sendToAndroid('call java in js')"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">input</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"text/javascript"</span>></span><span class="javascript" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sendToAndroid</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(message)</span>{</span> WebViewObject.send(message); } <span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">function</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">call_js</span><span class="hljs-params" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">(message)</span>{</span> window.alert(message); } </span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">script</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">body</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">html</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li></ul>
WebView中的缓存策略
一、网页缓存
1.缓存策略:
LOAD_CACHE_ONLY: 不使用网络,只读取本地缓存数据
LOAD_DEFAULT: 根据cache-control决定是否从网络上取数据。
LOAD_CACHE_NORMAL: API level 17中已经废弃, 从API level 11开始作用同LOAD_DEFAULT模式
LOAD_NO_CACHE: 不使用缓存,只从网络获取数据.
LOAD_CACHE_ELSE_NETWORK,只要本地有,无论是否过期,或者no-cache,都使用缓存中的数据。(如果网页数据发生变化,它依然显示老数据)
2.缓存的存储位置
/data/data/package_name/cache/
/data/data/package_name/database/webview.db
/data/data/package_name/database/webviewCache.db
3.设置开启缓存
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">// 设置缓存模式 mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setCacheMode</span>(WebSettings<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.LOAD</span>_DEFAULT)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">; </span> // 开启 DOM storage 功能 mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setDomStorageEnabled</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> // 开启 database storage 功能 mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setDatabaseEnabled</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>
4.清空缓存:mWebView.clearCache(true); 如果为false,只有RAM中的缓存被清。
5.设置缓存数据库目录:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setDatabasePath</span>(dataFilePath)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
二、H5缓存
设置Html5离线缓存,开发Html离线应用,需要服务器支持
1.设置打开:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setAppCacheEnabled</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span> //允许读取文件缓存(manifest生效) mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setAllowFileAccess</span>(true)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
2.设置最大容量:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setAppCacheMaxSize</span>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span> * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1024</span> * <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1024</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;//10M</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
3.设置缓存路径:
<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">mWebView<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getSettings</span>()<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.setAppCachePath</span>(appCaceDir)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
对于一个App来说WebSettings.setAppCachePath()只能被设置一次
4.清空缓存:
WebStorage.getInstance().deleteOrigin()和WebStorage.getInstance().deleteAllData()方法似乎只能清除运行内存的缓存,不能删除硬盘缓存
直接删除缓存路径的文件夹来清理硬盘缓存。
WebView中保存App中的Cookie保持登录状态
参考以下博文:关于cookie 和session 的理解