Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis+Maven搭建项目
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jintao_ma/article/details/52892625
1.前言
2.建立一个web项目
2.1 maven创建web项目
显然,由于SpringMVC的存在,表明这篇讲述的是一个Web项目,使用maven的maven-archetype-webapp这个模板,搭建一个项目,在命令行下执行:
mvn archetype:create -DgroupId=com.mycompany.app -DartifactId=myWebApp -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
然后新建的myWebApp项目中,只有java/main目录,我们新建下面三个目录才是一个完整的maven web项目:
java/resources
test/main
test/resources
接着导入eclipse,file->import:

2.2 设置web项目的版本和jdk版本
新导入的项目的web版本默认是2.3,jdk版本是1.5;我们需要重新设置一下,设置为最新的;
修改项目目录.settings下的org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml,修改后如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <faceted-project>
- <fixed facet="wst.jsdt.web"/>
- <installed facet="java" version="1.8"/>
- <installed facet="jst.web" version="3.0"/>
- <installed facet="wst.jsdt.web" version="1.0"/>
- </faceted-project>
同时修改项目中的web.xml:
- <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
- "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
- "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
- <web-app>
- <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
- </web-app>
改为
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="3.0"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
-
- <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
-
- </web-app>
2.3 maven设置
2.3.1 项目run as->maven clean报错:
- -Dmaven.multiModuleProjectDirectory system property is not set
可以设一个环境变量M2_HOME指向你的maven安装目录M2_HOME=D:\Apps\apache-maven-3.3.1,然后在Window->Preference->Java->Installed JREs->Edit,在Default VM arguments中设置-Dmaven.multiModuleProjectDirectory=$M2_HOME

2.3.2 maven update project
经过前面的几项设置,项目的web版本已经是3.0,jdk也是1.8了,也可以进行maven clean和install;但是每次在进行maven->project时,项目还会变为 web 2.3和jdk 1.5
我们还需要在pom中增加下面的配置:
- <build>
- <finalName>myWebApp</finalName>
-
- <plugins>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
- <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
- <version>3.5</version>
- <configuration>
- <source>1.8</source>
- <target>1.8</target>
- </configuration>
- </plugin>
- </plugins>
-
- </build>
然后就可以maven-clean,maven-install;然后maven update project;就没有任何的错误和警告了。
3.加入Spring,SpringMVC和Mybatis
3.1 spring.xml
在介绍配置文件之前,先在pom.xml中引入相关的jar包,下面把这篇所有需要的依赖(包括后面所用到的定时器jar包)全部贴上来,pom.xml:
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
- <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
- <artifactId>myWebApp</artifactId>
- <packaging>war</packaging>
- <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <name>myWebApp</name>
- <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
-
- <properties>
- <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
- <spring.version>[4.3.0.RELEASE,)</spring.version>
- </properties>
-
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>junit</groupId>
- <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
- <version>[4.10,)</version>
- <scope>test</scope>
- </dependency>
-
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysql</groupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
- <version>[5.1.39,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
- <version>[3.4.0,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
- <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
- <version>[1.3.0,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
- <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
- <version>[1.0,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
- <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
- <version>1.5.4</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>aspectj</groupId>
- <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
- <version>1.5.4</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>cglib</groupId>
- <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
- <version>[3.2.4,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>jstl</groupId>
- <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
- <version>1.2</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
- <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
- <version>1.1.2</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>log4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
- <version>[1.2.17,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
- <version>[1.7.21,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
- <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
- <version>[1.7.21,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
- <version>[2.5,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
- <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
- <version>[2.2.3,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
- <version>[3.2.1,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
- <version>[1.2,)</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
- <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
- <version>[1.3.2,)</version>
- </dependency>
-
- </dependencies>
-
- <build>
- <finalName>myWebApp</finalName>
-
- <plugins>
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
- <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
- <version>3.5</version>
- <configuration>
- <source>1.8</source>
- <target>1.8</target>
- </configuration>
- </plugin>
- </plugins>
-
- </build>
-
- </project>
<version>[1,1)</version>这样的写法意思是获取大于等于1.1版本的最新的jar包,这样以后就不用手动升级了,每次maven->update project就可以了。
接着在配置spring.xml之前,建议先看上一篇文章的总结:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Jintao_Ma/article/details/52853865,spring.xml的作用就是把spring和mybatis进行集成,这篇文章的spring配置和上一篇稍有不同,首先扫描的包发生了变化
- <!-- 扫描注解,Spring的配置文件不扫描@Controller注解,因为controller层由springMvc配置文件扫描解析 -->
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany">
- <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
- </context:component-scan>
这里面去掉了controller层的扫描,controller层由spring mvc来进行扫描;然后是aop配置中增加了“..”
- <!-- 添加规则事务 -->
- <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
- <!-- 第一个*代表所有的返回值类型 -->
- <!-- 第一个..代表中间隔着任意多个包层次 -->
- <!-- 第二个*代表所有的类 -->
- <!-- 第三个*代表类所有方法 最后一个..代表所有的参数。 -->
- <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.mycompany..service.*.*(..))" id="txPoint"/>
- <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPoint"/>
- </aop:config>
因为service层在不同的包中,我们希望只对service进行事务,com.mycompany..service代表com.mycompany项目所有目录下的名为service文件夹
3.2 web.xml
先配置spring.xml文件的读取:
- <!--contextConfigLocation在 ContextLoaderListener类中的默认值是 /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml-->
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:spring.xml,
- classpath:springQuartz.xml
- </param-value>
- </context-param>
-
- <listener>
- <listener-class>
- org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
- </listener-class>
- </listener>
配置context-param,里面读取spring.xml(先忽略springQuartz.xml,后面提到), 然后监听器listener在项目初始化的时候就能够读取spring.xml中的配置,顺便说一下不同节点在web.xml中的执行顺序,context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet
再配置自己的servlet:
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>myWebApp</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <!-- 默认加载/WEb-INF/<servletName-servlet>.xml的Spring配置文件,可以通过contextConfigLocation手动指定 -->
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:springMvc.xml</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
-
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>myWebApp</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
在分析之前,建议先看之前总结的另一篇文章:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Jintao_Ma/article/details/52141953,之后就可以明白上面的配置了。这时候可能会有一个疑问,这个tomcat自带的名为'jsp'的servlet, 与mvc中的视图解析器有什么关系吗?后面进行解释
3.3 springMvc.xml
先看一下视图解析器的配置,然后分析它与tomcat自带'jsp'关系
-
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"></property>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
- </bean>
当我们在地址栏中输入一个地址,首先它会去找servlet,由于与‘jsp'这个servlet不匹配,所以会进入我们自己配置的默认servlet,然后进入controller层次,接着controller返回的时候,会经过试图解析器的解析,完成之后再由‘jsp’这个servlet来找到对应的jsp。
对资源文件的处理,这篇文章用的是<default-servlet-handler/>,之后还要配置<mvc annotation-driven/>,原因看这篇文章http://www.cnblogs.com/hujingwei/p/5349983.html,配置如下:
- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
同时还可以配置<mvc:view-controller>,这样url请求可以不经过controller层次,直接由试图解析器进行解析,如下:
- <!-- 加载系统配置文件,然后再mvc:view-controller中的path中引入 -->
- <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:system.properties"/>
- <mvc:view-controller path="${adminPath}" view-name="index"/>
另外需要注意一点,我们在mvc中扫描包时候,只扫描controller层的,这和spring.xml的配置正好是互补的,(或者说不要扫描service层)。 为什么mvc不能扫描service层呢,上一篇文章http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Jintao_Ma/article/details/52853865提到了。
在springMvc.xml中还可以加入多文件上传,这样一来,springMvc.xml的完整配置如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
-
-
- <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:system.properties"/>
-
-
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany" use-default-filters="false">
- <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
- </context:component-scan>
-
- <mvc:view-controller path="${adminPath}" view-name="index"/>
-
- <mvc:annotation-driven/>
-
-
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
- <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"></property>
- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
- </bean>
-
- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
-
-
- <bean id="multipartResolver"
- class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
-
- <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
-
- <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
-
- <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
- </bean>
-
- </beans>
4.其他配置
4.1 读取配置文件
全局配置配置文件有两个,一个是jdbc.properties, 另一个是system.properties, 后者可以放入一下系统的配置信息:
- adminPath=/main
- delTempFile=E:/Majintao/temp
配置文件加载类,PropertiesLoader.java:
配置文件工具类SystemConfig.java:
- package com.mycompany.mvc.config;
-
- import java.util.Properties;
-
- import com.mycompany.mvc.utils.PropertiesLoader;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- public class SystemConfig {
-
- private static Properties properties;
-
- private static String[] resourcesPaths = {"classpath:system.properties"};
-
- static{
- properties = new PropertiesLoader(resourcesPaths).getProperties();
- }
-
- public static String getProperty(String key){
- String systemProperty = System.getProperty(key);
- if (systemProperty != null) {
- return systemProperty;
- }
- return properties.getProperty(key);
- }
- }
然后就可以像SystemConfig.getProperty()的形式使用配置文件中的属性了。
4.2 设置监听器
监听器可以做很多事情,比如我们可以在系统加载的时候获取系统的绝对路径,然后放入System中,SystemListener.java:
- package com.mycompany.mvc.listener;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
- import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
-
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
-
- public class SystemListener implements ServletContextListener{
-
- private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SystemListener.class);
-
-
-
-
- @Override
- public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContext) {
- logger.debug("servletContext init start...");
- System.setProperty("realPath", servletContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/"));
- logger.debug("servletContext init end...");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
-
- }
- }
4.3 设置定时器
新建springQuartz.xml,在其中指定扫描的包,以及执行的方法和时间等 :
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans
- xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd">
-
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.mycompany.mvc.quartz"></context:component-scan>
-
-
- <bean id="fileDeleteDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
- <property name="targetObject" ref="fileDelete" />
- <property name="targetMethod" value="fileDelete_delFile" />
- </bean>
-
- <bean id="fileDeleteTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
- <property name="jobDetail" ref="fileDeleteDetail" />
- <property name="cronExpression">
- <value>0 0/5* * * ?</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="schedulerFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
- <property name="triggers">
- <list>
- <ref bean="fileDeleteTrigger" />
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
-
- </beans>
接着再web.xml中读取,这就是前面提到的:
- <context-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
- <param-value>classpath:spring.xml,
- classpath:springQuartz.xml
- </param-value>
- </context-param>
然后定时器就设置好了,它所指定的类,和要执行的方法是下面这个,FileDelete.java:
- package com.mycompany.mvc.quartz;
-
- import java.io.File;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- import com.mycompany.mvc.config.SystemConfig;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- @Component("fileDelete")
- public class FileDelete {
-
- private String folder = SystemConfig.getProperty("delTempFile");
-
- private String[] folders={folder};
-
- private static void delFiles(String[] folders) {
- for (int i = 0; i < folders.length; i++) {
- File f = new File(folders[i]);
- File[] files = null;
- if (f.exists()) {
- files = f.listFiles();
- for (int j = 0; j < files.length; j++) {
- files[j].delete();
- }
- }
- }
- }
-
- public void fileDelete_delFile(){
- delFiles(folders);
- }
- }
就是删除E:/Majintao/temp下面所有的文件夹,每5分钟查询一次。 (这个temp是我的临时文件夹 ^_^)
5.总结
一个基本的基于maven的spring+mvc+mybatis框架就搭建好了,需要增加的东西还有很多,后面可以根据需要慢慢的往其中增加其他的一些东西,以后会继续总结~ 下面是本篇讲述项目的的基本结构:

PS:上一篇文章提到了事务的配置应该在service层,而且应抛出异常让controller层try...catch处理。还应该注意一点是,由于controller层没有事务,所以一个方法里应该只有一个service层的方法,也就是说一个service层的方法,应该完成一个完整的业务。