mysql的启动

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本文介绍了三种启动MySQL的方法：直接使用mysqld命令、通过mysqld_safe命令进行安全启动及作为服务启动。同时展示了如何检查MySQL启动时使用的参数。

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1。直接用mysqld手工启动

[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf 
140328 10:04:37 [ERROR] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!

140328 10:04:37 [ERROR] Aborting

140328 10:04:37 [Note] ./mysqld: Shutdown complete

[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysql
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
140328 10:04:44 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
InnoDB: The log sequence number in ibdata files does not match
InnoDB: the log sequence number in the ib_logfiles!
140328 10:04:44  InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally!
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite
InnoDB: buffer...
140328 10:04:44  InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start
140328 10:04:45 InnoDB: 5.5.37 started; log sequence number 1595675
140328 10:04:45 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306
140328 10:04:45 [Note]   - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';
140328 10:04:45 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.
140328 10:04:45 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
140328 10:04:45 [Note] ./mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.5.37'  socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  Source distribution
[root@ora11g ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql     7641  7547  1 10:04 pts/1    00:00:00 ./mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysql
root      7697  7661  0 10:05 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@ora11g ~]#

2.安全启动

[root@ora11g bin]# ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysql &
[1] 7758
[root@ora11g bin]# 140328 10:13:16 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err'.
140328 10:13:16 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

[root@ora11g bin]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root      7758  7661  0 10:13 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh ./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=../my.cnf --user=mysql
mysql     8024  7758  0 10:13 pts/2    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=../my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      8044  7661  0 10:13 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@ora11g bin]#

3.用服务的方式启动

[root@ora11g support-files]# 
[root@ora11g support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL                                             [  OK  ]
[root@ora11g support-files]# ps -ef | grep mysql 
root      8433     1  3 10:24 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid
mysql     8705  8433 12 10:24 pts/2    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      8723  7661  0 10:24 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@ora11g support-files]#

把mysql.server cp到 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql，再chkconfig --add mysql就ok了

[root@ora11g support-files]# cp mysql.server  /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql 
[root@ora11g support-files]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@ora11g support-files]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
[root@ora11g support-files]# service mysqld stop
mysqld: unrecognized service
[root@ora11g support-files]# service mysql stop 
Shutting down MySQL.                                       [  OK  ]
[root@ora11g support-files]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL..                                           [  OK  ]
[root@ora11g support-files]# ps -ef | grep mysql                     
root      8808     1  1 10:28 pts/2    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid
mysql     9073  8808  2 10:28 pts/2    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/ora11g.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      9100  7661  0 10:28 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@ora11g support-files]#