iTextSharp快速使用指南

iTextSharp快速开发PDF报表指南

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-25 11:28:58 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2025-07-25 11:28:58 发布 · 1.1k 阅读

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原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/julyluo/p/3839788.html

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#大数据

本文介绍了如何快速使用iTextSharp（iText.net版本）开发PDF报表。先阐述开发步骤，包括往PdfPCell添加内容、表格等，重点说明了往PdfPCell添加文本、图片和表格的方法，还介绍了iTextSharp画图，利用PdfContentByte类及相关接口实现特定效果。

iTextSharp快速使用指南z

转载至iTextSharp快速使用指南 - JulyLuo - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

前言

最近公司一直使用iText开发PDF报表，使用一段时间之后发现iText这个类库虽然是庞大无比，但作为程序猿我们不需要知道所有的类和方法，我们只需要知道如何使用即可。

所以这篇文章就是告诉大家如何快速的使用iTextSharp(iText .net版本）进行开发。

iTextSharp开发步骤

快速开发之前，我们先了解以下4个类：

class	所代表的含义
Paragraph	报表中的文本
Image	报表中的图片
PdfPTable	表格
PdfPCell	单元格

知道这4个类之后就是开发的步骤了：

1. 往单元格PdfPCell类中添加内容。

2.将单元格PdfPCell添加到PdfPTable。

3.将表格PdfPTable添加到Document。

在以上的步骤中最重要的就是第一步也就是往PdfPCell中添加内容，而PdfPCell中的内容又可以分为以下三种情况：

文本	Paragraph
图片	Image
表格	PdfPTable

接下来我们就直奔主题，看是如何往PdfPCell添加内容。因为报表需要数据，所以我就从百度分辨率统计获取了一些数据，下面是这个网址的截图：

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往PdfPCell添加文本

文本由Paragraph来表示，在添加之前还要注意一下字体的问题，因为我们用的是中文字体，如果用默认英文字体渲染则会乱码，所以我们要先定义中文字体：

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">BaseFont </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">BF_Light = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">BaseFont</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.CreateFont(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#a31515">@"C:\Windows\Fonts\simsun.ttc,0"</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">BaseFont</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.IDENTITY_H, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">BaseFont</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.EMBEDDED);</span></span></span></span></span>

字体定义完之后下面就添加文本：

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//要设置字体和大小
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">p = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Paragraph</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(fields[i], </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Font</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(BF_Light, 13));
cell = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPCell</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(p);
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//设置cell属性
//cell.Border = Rectangle.NO_BORDER;
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">if </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(rowNum == 0)
{
    cell.BackgroundColor = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">BaseColor</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.GRAY;
}
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">if </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(i == mainColumn - 1)
{
    cell.HorizontalAlignment = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Element</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.ALIGN_RIGHT;
}
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//添加单元格
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">table.AddCell(cell);</span></span></span></span></span>

其实添加很简单，就是最上面两行代码，而对PdfPCell属性设置的代码一般会比较多，因为我们一般要设置其背景色，水平对其，还有边框Border等。

往PdfPCell添加图片和表格

在大家了解怎么往PdfPCell添加完文本之后，添加图片和表格就简单很多了，就是将Image和PdfPTable作为PdfPCell的构造器参数传入即可：

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//图片
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Image </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">image = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Image</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.GetInstance(imagePath);
cell = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPCell</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(image, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">true</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">);
table.AddCell(cell);

</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//表格
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPTable </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">baseTable = GetBaseTable();
cell = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPCell</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(baseTable);
table.AddCell(cell);</span></span></span></span></span>

以下就是效果图：

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iTextSharp画图

通过以上PdfPCell的操作，大家就可以实现一些比较常见的PDF报表，现在我们更进一步实现一下的效果：

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这里就必须用到画图，画图用的就是PdfContentByte类，这个就类似于画板，我们可以直接在上面画直线和文本：

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//画线
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">canvas.SaveState();
canvas.SetLineWidth(2f);
canvas.MoveTo(100, 100);
canvas.LineTo(200, 200);
canvas.Stroke();
canvas.RestoreState();

</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//文本
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">ColumnText</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.ShowTextAligned(canvas, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Element</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.ALIGN_RIGHT, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Phrase</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#a31515">"JulyLuo测试"</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Font</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(BF_Light, 10)), 100, 20, 0);</span></span></span></span></span>

这里要注意的是，无论是画线还是文本我们都需要坐标，而且在画线的时候，要将具体的代码放在SaveState和RestoreState中间，这样就不会导致画图状态的紊乱。

如果我们希望将上图画在一个单元格中，但我们知道画图需要坐标，而在PdfPCell中是坐标没有暴露出来，所以这里我们需要iTextSharp中的接口：IPdfPCellEvent

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">public void </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">CellLayout(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPCell </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">cell, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Rectangle </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">position, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfContentByte</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">[] canvases)</span></span></span></span></span>

这个接口的意思就是在单元格添加到文档之后暴露的方法。很明显，通过postion参数我们可以获取坐标，canvases参数可以获取画板。

所以要画图就创建一个实现接口IPdfPCellEvent的类，然后在CellLayout方法中画线和文本：

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">public void </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">CellLayout(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPCell </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">cell, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Rectangle </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">position, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfContentByte</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">[] canvases)
{
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfContentByte </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">cb = canvases[</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPTable</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.BACKGROUNDCANVAS];
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfContentByte </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">cbline = canvases[</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">PdfPTable</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.LINECANVAS];

    cbline.SaveState();
    cb.SaveState();

    …………</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">

    cb.SetLineWidth(0.4f);
    cbline.SetLineWidth(0.4f);
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//y 轴
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">cb.MoveTo(leftX, bottomY);
    cb.LineTo(leftX, topY);
    cb.Stroke();
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//y 轴突出的短横线
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">float </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">yAxiseTextLinetWidth = 3f;
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">float </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">yAxisTextSpaceAdjust = 2.5f;
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">for </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">float </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">y = yScaleNum; y < yMax; y += yScaleNum)
    {
        </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">float </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">yPoint = bottomY + (yScale * y);
        cb.MoveTo(leftX, yPoint);
        cb.LineTo(leftX - yAxiseTextLinetWidth, yPoint);
        cb.Stroke();
    }
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//y 轴文本
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">for </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">float </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">y = yScaleNum; y < yMax; y += yScaleNum)
    {
            </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">float </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">yPoint = bottomY + (yScale * y);
            </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">ColumnText</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.ShowTextAligned(cb, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Element</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.ALIGN_RIGHT, </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Phrase</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">string</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">.Format(</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#a31515">"{0}%"</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">, y), </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">Font</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(BF_Light, 5)), leftX - yAxiseTextLinetWidth, yPoint - yAxisTextSpaceAdjust, 0);
    }
                
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//x 轴
    </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">cb.MoveTo(leftX, bottomY);
    cb.LineTo(righX, bottomY);
    cb.Stroke();

    <span style="color:#0000ff">………</span></span></span>
  <span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">  cb.Stroke();
    cb.RestoreState();
    cbline.RestoreState();
}</span></span></span></span></span>

最后将这个类和对应的PdfPCell关联起来：

<span style="color:#7d8b8d"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#333333"><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#008000">//画图的类，和cell关联                        
</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">ResolutionChart </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">chart = </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#0000ff">new </span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#2b91af">ResolutionChart</span></span><span style="background-color:#ffffff"><span style="color:#000000">(fileName, yMax, yScale);
cell.CellEvent = chart;</span></span></span></span></span>

以下就是效果图：

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