管理类联考-英语 : 基础 [ 八 ]

谓语动词

 

一、分词充当的成分

 

分词来源于状语从句和定语从句

 

As soon as they saw the teachers, the students stood up.

 

1、分词作状语

Seeing the teachers, the students stood up.

 

1. 删连词及从主
2. 有be删be，其余不不变

3. 无be，动词改为doing

 

 

 

分词作状语的条件:逻辑主语一致

 

 

 

她站在窗前，泪眼朦胧，凝视着远⽅方。

She is standing in front of windows.

She is with tears in her eyes.
She is gazing at the distance.

 

Standing in front of windows, she is gazing at the distance with tears in the eyes.

 

2、分词作定语

 

an interesting book  The ads made by them are attractive.

 

 

The logo which is lying over there should be about alcohol.

The logo lying over there should be about alcohol.

 

 

1. 删连词及从主
2. 有be删be，其余不不变

3. 无be，动词改为doing

 

 

3、分词作宾补

I saw her walking i n the street.

我看见她在街上走。

 

I heard them singing in the bar.
At that time, I saw my dog being washed by my mom.

doing表示正在进行

I saw my dog washed by my mom.

done表示被动完成

 

I watched the boys play football game.

do表示全过程

 

I saw a saw saw a saw.
I saw a saw sawing a saw.

I saw a saw sawn by a saw.

 

⼆、分词的时态语态

 

⼆、分词的构成

1、现在分词(-ing)

2、过去分词(-ed)

 

 

 

时态

As soon as it saw the camera, it screamed.

Seeing the camera, it screamed.

 

 

 

Doing :

与主句谓语动词同时发生，或者在其之后发生。

 

Since l didn’t know Japanese, I tried to speak to her in English.

 

 

 

Having done: 先于主句谓语动词发生。

 

 

Having got
______________ used to the smartphone, we don’t want to watch TV.

 

Having watered
_______________ the garden, he began to mow the lawn (修剪草坪).

 

Having spent some time in the city  (已经在那个城市里呆了了⼀段时间) , he had no trouble finding the way.

 

语态

 

The building which is being built now is a shopping mall.

The building being built now is a shopping mall.

 

正在被讨论的这个问题很重要。

The question being discussed is important.

being done表被动进行

 

After he had been waken up by his wife, he wanted to eat the cake.

Having been waken up by his wife, he wanted to eat the cake.

 

having been done表被动，先于主句谓语发生

 

2.Having been given a successful operation, the patient is expected to recover from his illness within a month.

 

Not having been told about the time, he was late.

 

没有被告知时间，他迟到了了。

Not having been told about the time, he was late.

 

 

2、过去分词 done

 

Having been bitten twice, I'm afraid of the dog.

Bitten twice, I'm afraid of the dog.

被咬了两次，我非常怕那只狗。

 

The movie made by Xu is very successful.

徐峥制作的这部电影非常成功。

The movie having been made by Xu is very successful.