debian或者Ubuntu在使用apt-get update出现GPG erro

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-21 16:25:54 发布
最新推荐文章于 2025-06-21 16:25:54 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zhangkaiadl/article/details/133687077

问题：debian 9.x stretch

  • GPG error: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch-backports InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 648ACFD622F3D138 NO_PUBKEY 0E98404D386FA1D9

解决方法：
有可能是授权或证书失效
执行如下命令：apt install debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring 然后执行apt-get update

root@local:/var/www/html# apt install debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  debian-keyring
The following packages will be upgraded:
  debian-archive-keyring
1 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 33 not upgraded.
Need to get 33.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 35.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch/main arm64 debian-archive-keyring all 2017.5+deb9u1 [73.9 kB]
10% [Waiting for headers]
10% [Waiting for headers]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch/main arm64 debian-keyring all 2017.05.28 [33.2 MB]
Fetched 33.3 MB in 35s (949 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
(Reading database ... 28767 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../debian-archive-keyring_2017.5+deb9u1_all.deb ...
Unpacking debian-archive-keyring (2017.5+deb9u1) over (2017.5) ...
Setting up debian-archive-keyring (2017.5+deb9u1) ..............................]
Removing obsolete conffile /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-wheezy-automatic.gpg ...ess: [ 36%] [######################........................................]
Removing obsolete conffile /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/debian-archive-wheezy-stable.gpg ...
Selecting previously unselected package debian-keyring.
(Reading database ... 28768 files and directories currently installed.).........]
Preparing to unpack .../debian-keyring_2017.05.28_all.deb ...
Unpacking debian-keyring (2017.05.28) ...
Setting up debian-keyring (2017.05.28) ...#########.............................]
root@local:/var/www/html# apt-get update
Ign:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch InRelease
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch-backports InRelease [78.5 kB]
Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch Release
Fetched 78.5 kB in 0s (190 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done


root@local:/var/www/html# apt update
Ign:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch InRelease
Hit:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch-backports InRelease
Hit:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-archive/debian stretch Release
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
33 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
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### 解决方案 当遇到 `sudo apt-get update` 导致的无效操作错误时，通常是因为系统软件源配置文件存在问题、网络连接不稳定或者某些仓库不可访问等原因引起的。以下是详细的解决方法： #### 1. 检查 `/etc/apt/sources.list` 文件 确保系统的软件源配置文件没有语法错误或指向不存在的地址。可以打开该文件并检查其内容是否合理： ```bash sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list ``` 常见的有效条目如下所示[^3]: ``` deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse ``` #### 2. 清理缓存并重置 APT 配置 有时旧的缓存数据可能导致问题。可以通过清理缓存来尝试解决问题： ```bash sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial sudo apt-get clean ``` 之后再次运行更新命令。 #### 3. 使用 `-o Debug::Acquire::http=true` 参数调试 HTTP 请求 通过启用调试模式查看具体的请求失败原因： ```bash sudo apt-get update -o Debug::Acquire::http=true ``` 这可以帮助定位是否有特定 URL 返回了错误状态码。 #### 4. 替换国内镜像源 如果默认官方源无法正常使用，建议更换为更稳定的国内镜像站点，比如阿里云、清华大学开源软件镜像站等。编辑 sources.list 文件并将所有链接替换为对应的镜像地址。例如对于阿里云： ``` deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse ... ``` #### 5. 更新 CA 证书库 (针对 SSL/TLS 错误) 部分情况下由于缺少最新的根证书也可能引发 HTTPS 连接失败的情况。此时应先手动下载并安装最新版 ca-certificates 软件包后再试一次： ```bash wget https://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/c/ca-certificates/ca-certificates_20230719_all.deb sudo dpkg -i ./ca-certificates*.deb sudo apt-get install --reinstall ca-certificates ``` #### 6. 如果仍然存在 Err/W 提示，则逐一排查具体项 根据实际输出中的 Error 或 Warning 条目分别处理每一条警告信息直到全部清除为止。一般常见的是 GPG key 不匹配或者是临时 DNS 故障等问题。 --- ### 总结 以上步骤涵盖了大部分场景下修复 `sudo apt-get update` 失败的方法。按照顺序依次执行直至恢复正常功能即可。 ```python print("APT Update Fixed!") ```
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